Management can be viewed as a science, art, or profession. As a science, management establishes relationships between causes and effects through systematic knowledge and analysis that allows for prediction and verification. As an art, management achieves desired results through practical skills and creative application developed through practice. As a profession, management involves specialized knowledge used to instruct and advise others, with formal training, representative associations that regulate conduct and priorities of service over profit.

1. Nature of Management T.R.Jain

2. Management as a Science Science: Science is a systematized body of knowledge which establishes relationship between cause and effect.

3. Testing of Management as a science Systematised Body of knowledge Based on collection of facts, Analysis and experiments Universal Application Cause and effect Relationship Verification of validity and Prediction of results possible

4. Management as an Art Art: Art is bringing about of a desired result through application of skill.

5. Testing of Management as an art Personal Skill Practical Knowledge Concrete Result-Oriented Approach Development through Practice Creative Power

6. Management as a Profession Profession: Profession is that occupation in which one professes to have acquired specialised knowledge, which is used either in instructing, guiding or advising others.

7. Testing of Management as a Profession Body of Specialised knowledge and technique Formalised Methods of Acquiring Training and experience Establishment of representative professional Association- Functions to be performed: Regulate behavior To create code of conduct Support the image of its members

8. 4. Entry to profession Code of conduct Priority of service over economic consideration