MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENCE, ART 
AND PROFESSION 
-VIVEK ANAND 
-YOGENDRA P
IS MANAGEMENT 
A SCIENCE ? 
-UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED PRINICIPLE 
-EXPERIMENTATION AND OBSERVATION 
-CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP 
-TEST OF VALIDITY AND PREDICTION
UNIVESALLY ACCEPTANCE PRINCIPLES 
SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES CAN BE APPLIED IN ALL 
SITUATIONS, AT ALL TIMES AND ALL PLACES 
SIMILARLY MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE CAN BE 
APLICABLE TO ALL TYPE OF ORGANISATION
EXPERIMENTATION AND OBSERVATION 
SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES ARE BASED ON 
RESEARCH, EXPERIMENTATION AND LOGIC 
MANAGEMENT PRINCILES HAVE BEEN 
DEVELOPED THROUGH EXPERIMENTS AND 
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES eg REMUNERATION
CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP 
PRINCIPLES OF SCIENCE RELATES CAUSE AND 
EFFECT BETWEEN DIFFERENT VARIABLES 
MANAGEMENT ESTABLISHES RELATION BETWEEN 
MANAGERS AND EMPLOYEES 
EMPLOYES PAID WELL => MORE EFFICIENT WORK
TEST OF VALIDITY AND PREDICTABILITY 
THEY STAND THE TEST OF TIME –MEANS IT CAN 
BE TESTED AT ANY TIME OR ANY No. OF TIME 
MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE CAN BE TESTED FOR 
THEIR VALIDITY WITH REGARDS TO CLARITY OF 
THOUGHT AND DIRECTION
MANAGEMENT IS NOT AN EXACT SCIENCE 
MANAGEMENT IS A SOCIAL/BEHAVIOR/FLEXIBLE SCIENCE BECAUSE 
-IT DEALS WITH HUMAN BEINGS AND IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO PREDICT THEIR 
BEHAVIOR ACCURATELY 
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES MAY PRODUCE DIFFERENT RESULTS AT DIFFERENT 
SITUATIONS AND TIME
IS MANAGEMENT 
AN ART ? 
-PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE 
-PERSONAL SKILL 
-CRETIVITY 
-PERFECTION THROUGH 
PRACTISE
PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE 
-EVERY ARTS REQUIRE PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE, 
-IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW PRACTICAL 
APPLICATIONS OF THEORITICAL PRINCIPLES 
SIMPLY OBTAINING A DEGREE IS NOT ENOUGH, 
MANAGER SHOULD ALSO KNOW HOW TO 
APPLY VARIOUS PRINCIPLES IN REAL SITUATIONS 
IN HIS CAPACITY AS A MANAGER
PERSONAL SKILL 
ALL THE THEORITICAL BASE MAY BE SAME FOR 
EVERY ARTIST EACH ONE HAS HIS OWN STYLE 
AND MODE OF INTERPRATATION 
EVERY MANAGER HAS HIS OWN WAY OF 
MANAGING THINGS BASED ON HIS 
KNOWLEDGE EXPERIENCE AND PERSONALITY
CREATIVITY 
EVERY ARTIST HAS AN ELEMENT OF CREATIVITY 
THAT LETS HIM PRODUCE SOMETHING THAT HAS 
NEVER EXISTED BEFORE 
MANAGEMENT IS ALSO CREATIVE IN NATURE 
BECAUSE IT COMBINES THE CONCEPT OF 
INTELLIGENCE AND IMAGINATION
PERFECTION THROUGH PRACTICE 
EVERY ARTIST BECOMES MORE AND MORE 
PROFICIENT THROUGH CONSTANT PRACTICE 
LEARNING IS THROUG ART OF TRIAL AND ERROR 
INITIALLY BUT THE APPLICATION OF 
MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES OVER THE YEAR 
MAKES HIM PERFECT
CONCLUSION 
 OLD SAYING THAT “MANAGER ARE BORN” HAS BEEN REJECTED IN THE 
FAVOR OF “MANAGERS ARE MADE” 
 SCIENCE AND ART NOT MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE BUT THEY ARE 
COMPLEMENTARY TO EACH OTHER 
 MANAGEMENT IS THE OLDEST OF ART AND YOUNGEST OF SCIENCE 
 MANAGEMENT AS SCIENCE IS THE “ROOT” AND MANAGEMENT AS ART IS 
THE “FRUIT”
IS MANAGEMENT 
A PROFESSION ? 
-SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE 
-FORMAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING 
-SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS 
-CODE OF CONDUCT 
-REPRESENTATIVE ASSOCIATION
SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE 
A PROFESSION MUST HAVE SYSTEMATIC BODY 
OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN BE USED FOR 
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONALS 
A MANAGER MUST HAVE DEVOTION AND 
INVOLVEMENT TO ACQUIRE EXPERTISE
FORMAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING 
AN INDIVIDUAL CAN ENTER A PROFESSION 
ONLY AFTER ACQUIRING SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE 
AND SKILL (DEGREE IS MANDATORY) 
IN MANAGEMENT ALSO AN INDIVIDUAL HAS TO 
ACQUIRE APPROPRIATE KNOWLEDGE AND 
TRAINING (DEGREE IS NOT MANDATORY)
SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS 
PROFESSIONALS ARE MOTIVATED IN DESIRE TO 
SERVE SOCIETY, SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUE 
A MANAGER IS RESPONSIBLE NOT ONLY FOR HIS 
SUPERIOR’S BUT ALSO TO SOCIETY
CODE OF CONDUCT 
MEMBERS OF A PROFESSION HAS TO ABIDE BY 
THE CODE OF CONDUCT WHICH CONTAIN 
CERTAIN RULES AND REGULATIONS 
THE AIMA HAS PRESCRIBED A CODE OF 
CONDUCT FOR MANAGERS BUT IT HAS NO TAKE 
LEGAL ACTION
AIMA CODE OF CONDUCT FOR MANAGERS 
FORMAL EDUCATION TO DEGREE LEVEL 
EXISTENCE AND STRENGTHENING OF PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS 
FOUNDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL LITERATURE 
INCREASED RESEARCH ACTIVITY SUPPLYING THE DISCIPLINE WITH NEW 
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS 
NEW KNOWLEDGE TO DEAL WITH ISSUES OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
REPRESENTATIVE ASSOCIATION 
FOR THE REGULATION OF PROFESSION THE EXISTENCE OF 
REPRESENTATIVE BODY IS A MUST EX:-INSTITUTE OF 
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA 
BUT AIMA DOES NOT HAVE ANY STATUATORY 
POWERS TO REGULATE THE WORK OF 
MANAGERS
CONCLUSION 
MANAGEMENT IS NOT A FULL PLEDGED PROFESSION 
* NO MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS ARE HAVE BEEN PRESCRIBED FOR MANAGERS 
* IT DOES NOT RESTRICT THE ENTRY IN MANAGERIAL JOBS 
*NO MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION HAS THE AUTHORITY TO GRANT A CERTIFICATE OF 
PRACTICE 
*MANAGERS ARE RESPONSIBLE TO MANY GROUPS SUCH AS SHRE HOLDERS EMPLOYEES 
AND SOCIETY 
*MANAGERS ARE KNOWN BY THEIR PERFORMANCE AND NOT MERE DEGREES 
*THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF BUISINESS IS TO MAXIMIZE THE PRODUCT AND NOT SOCIAL 
WELFARE
THE SLOGAN OF MANAGEMENT 
“HE WHO SERVES BEST ,ALSO PROFITS MOST”
THANK YOU

Management as an art science and profession

  • 1.
    MANAGEMENT AS ASCIENCE, ART AND PROFESSION -VIVEK ANAND -YOGENDRA P
  • 2.
    IS MANAGEMENT ASCIENCE ? -UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED PRINICIPLE -EXPERIMENTATION AND OBSERVATION -CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP -TEST OF VALIDITY AND PREDICTION
  • 3.
    UNIVESALLY ACCEPTANCE PRINCIPLES SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES CAN BE APPLIED IN ALL SITUATIONS, AT ALL TIMES AND ALL PLACES SIMILARLY MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE CAN BE APLICABLE TO ALL TYPE OF ORGANISATION
  • 4.
    EXPERIMENTATION AND OBSERVATION SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES ARE BASED ON RESEARCH, EXPERIMENTATION AND LOGIC MANAGEMENT PRINCILES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED THROUGH EXPERIMENTS AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES eg REMUNERATION
  • 5.
    CAUSE AND EFFECTRELATIONSHIP PRINCIPLES OF SCIENCE RELATES CAUSE AND EFFECT BETWEEN DIFFERENT VARIABLES MANAGEMENT ESTABLISHES RELATION BETWEEN MANAGERS AND EMPLOYEES EMPLOYES PAID WELL => MORE EFFICIENT WORK
  • 6.
    TEST OF VALIDITYAND PREDICTABILITY THEY STAND THE TEST OF TIME –MEANS IT CAN BE TESTED AT ANY TIME OR ANY No. OF TIME MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE CAN BE TESTED FOR THEIR VALIDITY WITH REGARDS TO CLARITY OF THOUGHT AND DIRECTION
  • 7.
    MANAGEMENT IS NOTAN EXACT SCIENCE MANAGEMENT IS A SOCIAL/BEHAVIOR/FLEXIBLE SCIENCE BECAUSE -IT DEALS WITH HUMAN BEINGS AND IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO PREDICT THEIR BEHAVIOR ACCURATELY THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES MAY PRODUCE DIFFERENT RESULTS AT DIFFERENT SITUATIONS AND TIME
  • 8.
    IS MANAGEMENT ANART ? -PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE -PERSONAL SKILL -CRETIVITY -PERFECTION THROUGH PRACTISE
  • 9.
    PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE -EVERYARTS REQUIRE PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE, -IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF THEORITICAL PRINCIPLES SIMPLY OBTAINING A DEGREE IS NOT ENOUGH, MANAGER SHOULD ALSO KNOW HOW TO APPLY VARIOUS PRINCIPLES IN REAL SITUATIONS IN HIS CAPACITY AS A MANAGER
  • 10.
    PERSONAL SKILL ALLTHE THEORITICAL BASE MAY BE SAME FOR EVERY ARTIST EACH ONE HAS HIS OWN STYLE AND MODE OF INTERPRATATION EVERY MANAGER HAS HIS OWN WAY OF MANAGING THINGS BASED ON HIS KNOWLEDGE EXPERIENCE AND PERSONALITY
  • 11.
    CREATIVITY EVERY ARTISTHAS AN ELEMENT OF CREATIVITY THAT LETS HIM PRODUCE SOMETHING THAT HAS NEVER EXISTED BEFORE MANAGEMENT IS ALSO CREATIVE IN NATURE BECAUSE IT COMBINES THE CONCEPT OF INTELLIGENCE AND IMAGINATION
  • 12.
    PERFECTION THROUGH PRACTICE EVERY ARTIST BECOMES MORE AND MORE PROFICIENT THROUGH CONSTANT PRACTICE LEARNING IS THROUG ART OF TRIAL AND ERROR INITIALLY BUT THE APPLICATION OF MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES OVER THE YEAR MAKES HIM PERFECT
  • 13.
    CONCLUSION  OLDSAYING THAT “MANAGER ARE BORN” HAS BEEN REJECTED IN THE FAVOR OF “MANAGERS ARE MADE”  SCIENCE AND ART NOT MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE BUT THEY ARE COMPLEMENTARY TO EACH OTHER  MANAGEMENT IS THE OLDEST OF ART AND YOUNGEST OF SCIENCE  MANAGEMENT AS SCIENCE IS THE “ROOT” AND MANAGEMENT AS ART IS THE “FRUIT”
  • 14.
    IS MANAGEMENT APROFESSION ? -SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE -FORMAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING -SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS -CODE OF CONDUCT -REPRESENTATIVE ASSOCIATION
  • 15.
    SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE APROFESSION MUST HAVE SYSTEMATIC BODY OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN BE USED FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONALS A MANAGER MUST HAVE DEVOTION AND INVOLVEMENT TO ACQUIRE EXPERTISE
  • 16.
    FORMAL EDUCATION ANDTRAINING AN INDIVIDUAL CAN ENTER A PROFESSION ONLY AFTER ACQUIRING SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL (DEGREE IS MANDATORY) IN MANAGEMENT ALSO AN INDIVIDUAL HAS TO ACQUIRE APPROPRIATE KNOWLEDGE AND TRAINING (DEGREE IS NOT MANDATORY)
  • 17.
    SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS PROFESSIONALSARE MOTIVATED IN DESIRE TO SERVE SOCIETY, SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUE A MANAGER IS RESPONSIBLE NOT ONLY FOR HIS SUPERIOR’S BUT ALSO TO SOCIETY
  • 18.
    CODE OF CONDUCT MEMBERS OF A PROFESSION HAS TO ABIDE BY THE CODE OF CONDUCT WHICH CONTAIN CERTAIN RULES AND REGULATIONS THE AIMA HAS PRESCRIBED A CODE OF CONDUCT FOR MANAGERS BUT IT HAS NO TAKE LEGAL ACTION
  • 19.
    AIMA CODE OFCONDUCT FOR MANAGERS FORMAL EDUCATION TO DEGREE LEVEL EXISTENCE AND STRENGTHENING OF PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS FOUNDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL LITERATURE INCREASED RESEARCH ACTIVITY SUPPLYING THE DISCIPLINE WITH NEW THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS NEW KNOWLEDGE TO DEAL WITH ISSUES OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
  • 20.
    REPRESENTATIVE ASSOCIATION FORTHE REGULATION OF PROFESSION THE EXISTENCE OF REPRESENTATIVE BODY IS A MUST EX:-INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA BUT AIMA DOES NOT HAVE ANY STATUATORY POWERS TO REGULATE THE WORK OF MANAGERS
  • 21.
    CONCLUSION MANAGEMENT ISNOT A FULL PLEDGED PROFESSION * NO MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS ARE HAVE BEEN PRESCRIBED FOR MANAGERS * IT DOES NOT RESTRICT THE ENTRY IN MANAGERIAL JOBS *NO MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION HAS THE AUTHORITY TO GRANT A CERTIFICATE OF PRACTICE *MANAGERS ARE RESPONSIBLE TO MANY GROUPS SUCH AS SHRE HOLDERS EMPLOYEES AND SOCIETY *MANAGERS ARE KNOWN BY THEIR PERFORMANCE AND NOT MERE DEGREES *THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF BUISINESS IS TO MAXIMIZE THE PRODUCT AND NOT SOCIAL WELFARE
  • 22.
    THE SLOGAN OFMANAGEMENT “HE WHO SERVES BEST ,ALSO PROFITS MOST”
  • 23.