Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Slow maxillary expansion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses soft tissue analysis for orthodontic treatment planning. It covers clinical examination including natural head position, lip assessment, and frontal and profile views. Key measurements and landmarks are defined such as facial thirds, nasolabial angle, lip lengths, and chin position. Factors that influence soft tissues like tooth movement and growth are also addressed.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The simplicity of bonding can be misleading. The technique undoubtedly can be misused, not only by an inexperienced clinician but also by more experienced orthodontists who do not perform procedures with care.
Success in bonding requires understanding of and adherence to accepted orthodontic and preventive dentistry principles.
The advantages and disadvantages of bonding versus banding of different teeth must be weighed according to each practitioner’s preferences, skill, and experience.
Bonding should be considered as part of a modern preventive package that also includes a strict oral hygiene program, fluoride supplementation, and the use of simple yet effective appliances. In other words, complicated mechanics with abundant use of coil springs and multilooped arches lends itself less well to bonding and easily can compromise the integrity of tooth enamel and gingival tissues around brackets on small bonding bases.
This document discusses natural head position (NHP) in cephalometric radiography. It outlines limitations of traditional reference planes like sella-nasion and discusses how NHP provides a more reproducible and clinically relevant orientation. NHP is defined as the small range of positions where the subject looks at a distant eye-level point with relaxed posture. Several methods are described for standardizing and measuring NHP, including the use of mirrors, fluid levels, and inclinometers. Maintaining NHP is important because variations can influence the appearance and measurements of craniofacial structures.
Muscle deprogramming /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses various types of dental retention appliances. It begins by defining retention and explaining why it is necessary after orthodontic treatment. It then covers theories of retention, keys to eliminating lower retention, and classifications of retainers. The main types of retainers discussed are removable retainers like Hawley retainers, wrap-around retainers, and Essix retainers. Fixed retainers and principles of different retention times are also summarized.
Slow maxillary expansion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses soft tissue analysis for orthodontic treatment planning. It covers clinical examination including natural head position, lip assessment, and frontal and profile views. Key measurements and landmarks are defined such as facial thirds, nasolabial angle, lip lengths, and chin position. Factors that influence soft tissues like tooth movement and growth are also addressed.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The simplicity of bonding can be misleading. The technique undoubtedly can be misused, not only by an inexperienced clinician but also by more experienced orthodontists who do not perform procedures with care.
Success in bonding requires understanding of and adherence to accepted orthodontic and preventive dentistry principles.
The advantages and disadvantages of bonding versus banding of different teeth must be weighed according to each practitioner’s preferences, skill, and experience.
Bonding should be considered as part of a modern preventive package that also includes a strict oral hygiene program, fluoride supplementation, and the use of simple yet effective appliances. In other words, complicated mechanics with abundant use of coil springs and multilooped arches lends itself less well to bonding and easily can compromise the integrity of tooth enamel and gingival tissues around brackets on small bonding bases.
This document discusses natural head position (NHP) in cephalometric radiography. It outlines limitations of traditional reference planes like sella-nasion and discusses how NHP provides a more reproducible and clinically relevant orientation. NHP is defined as the small range of positions where the subject looks at a distant eye-level point with relaxed posture. Several methods are described for standardizing and measuring NHP, including the use of mirrors, fluid levels, and inclinometers. Maintaining NHP is important because variations can influence the appearance and measurements of craniofacial structures.
Muscle deprogramming /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses various types of dental retention appliances. It begins by defining retention and explaining why it is necessary after orthodontic treatment. It then covers theories of retention, keys to eliminating lower retention, and classifications of retainers. The main types of retainers discussed are removable retainers like Hawley retainers, wrap-around retainers, and Essix retainers. Fixed retainers and principles of different retention times are also summarized.
1. There are several methods for predicting surgical outcomes of orthognathic surgery, including manual tracings, computer software programs, and video imaging.
2. Studies have found that current prediction methods tend to be inaccurate, especially in predicting soft tissue changes like lip and chin positions. Predictions often differ from actual outcomes by 2mm or more.
3. While prediction images can help communicate treatment plans to patients, they may also unintentionally create unrealistic expectations that are not always achieved. More accurate prediction methods are still needed.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Facial asymmetry /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document provides information on bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), a common surgical procedure for the mandible. Some key points:
- BSSO involves making sagittal cuts along the ramus and body of the mandible to allow advancement or setback of the mandible. It was first described in the 1950s and has undergone several modifications.
- Indications for BSSO include mandibular deficiencies, prognathism, asymmetries, open bites, and cross bites. Contraindications include decreased posterior body height and ramus hypoplasia.
- The surgical procedure involves incisions, osteotomy cuts, splitting the segments, mobilization, positioning, and
Orthodontic brackets are components bonded to teeth that transfer force from archwires to move teeth into proper alignment and function. There are various bracket designs that differ in material, size, shape, and prescription. The development of pre-adjusted edgewise brackets aimed to directly guide teeth into normal occlusion with fewer bends in the archwire. However, individual variations still require some adjustments to achieve ideal positioning. Modern bracket types include self-ligating, ceramic, and lingual systems that offer enhanced aesthetics, mechanics, or patient comfort.
Bonding in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses adult orthodontics, including biological concepts, history, comparisons between adolescents and adults, objectives, classifications, adjunctive orthodontics, and comprehensive orthodontics. It covers topics like the periodontal ligament, bone, teeth, classifications of adult orthodontic treatment, objectives of treatment for adults, and procedures for adjunctive orthodontics including uprighting teeth, forced eruption, and aligning anterior teeth.
This document provides information about postero-anterior cephalometric analysis, including its history, setup, landmarks, and purposes. Some key points:
- Postero-anterior cephalograms can provide important qualitative and quantitative skeletal and dentofacial data as a supplement to lateral cephalograms.
- Broadbent and Hofrath pioneered the methodology in 1931. Modern setup involves a headholder that can rotate 90 degrees from lateral to postero-anterior position.
- Analysis involves identifying landmarks like zygomatic arches, maxillary molars, and measuring widths, ratios, and angles to evaluate symmetry and proportions.
- Postero-anterior views have limitations due to superimposition
Distraction Osteogenesis in OrthodonticsWaqar Jeelani
Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique that involves gradually separating bone segments that have been cut. This causes new bone to form in between the segments. There are several phases to this process including latency, distraction, consolidation, and remodeling. Historically, Codivilla first reported limb lengthening in 1905 but it was Ilizarov who developed the technique in the 1950s using gradual distraction. Since then it has been used for many purposes like lengthening the mandible to treat deficiencies. Planning involves factors like the distraction device used, bone quality, and distractor orientation. It can have advantages over other techniques like allowing for more correction and growing tissues with the patient.
Psycological management of orthodontic patients /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Canine Impaction and Its Importance in OrthodonticsAnalhaq Shaikh
Canine Impaction, Its Importance in Orthodontics, Etiology, Diagnosis and Management.
by Dr Analhaq Shaikh, 2nd year Postgraduate student, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimoga, Karnataka
Canine Impaction can also be termed as Shy Canine.
This document provides an overview of Lefort I osteotomy, including:
- A brief history describing the development of maxillary osteotomy techniques.
- Anatomical considerations and the biologic basis for maxillary osteotomies, which have shown adequate blood supply can be maintained.
- Indications for Lefort I osteotomy include altering vertical dimension, anteroposterior movements, and surgical expansion of the maxilla.
- Types of Lefort I osteotomies are described, including classic, quadrangular, and segmental variations. Postoperative management and potential complications are also outlined.
This document discusses the management of open bite malocclusions. It begins by defining open bite and classifying it as either skeletal or dental in nature. Skeletal open bite is caused by excessive vertical growth of the jaws while dental open bite is due to reduced incisor height. Common etiologies of open bite include thumb sucking habits, tongue thrusting, and abnormal skeletal growth patterns. The document outlines various treatment approaches for different open bite classifications and etiologies.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
BURSTONE ANALYSIS : C.O.G.S ( HARD & SOFT TISSUE) DrFirdoshRozy
This document summarizes various cephalometric analyses used to evaluate hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial structures. It describes key landmarks, reference planes, linear and angular measurements taken, along with their clinical significance. The analyses described include horizontal skeletal analysis, vertical skeletal analysis, dental analysis, soft tissue facial form analysis, and lip position/form analysis. Standard values are provided for each measurement for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
This document provides a history of the evolution of bonding in orthodontics from the 1960s to present day. It discusses key developments such as the introduction of acid etching by Buonocore in the 1950s, the early use of epoxy and composite resins for bonding by Newman and Miura in the 1960s-1970s, the introduction of visible light curing systems in the 1980s, and the development of self-etching primers in the 2000s. Bonding has evolved from using fillings materials to specialized orthodontic bonding resins and primers, and techniques now allow bonding to both dry and wet enamel surfaces.
A quick overview of all components that make up the aesthetic considerations during orthodontic treatment.
Contents -
Introduction
History
Records for studying esthetics
Smile design wheel
Macro-aesthetics
Mini-aesthetics
Deep Overbite correction
Treatment of gummy smiles
Micro-aesthetics
Elements of a balanced smile
Six horizontal lines
Canine to lateral incisor
Premolar to canine
Influence of extractions on smile esthetics
Conclusion
The role of orthodontics in temporomandibular disordersArdalan Azad
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common cause of facial pain that affects the jaw joint and muscles. The cause of TMD is poorly understood but factors like trauma, stress, genetics, and parafunctional behaviors are thought to play a role. While malocclusion was once thought to be a major cause of TMD, most studies now refute or reduce the role of occlusion in causing TMD. Orthodontic treatment is also generally not associated with increased risk of developing TMD. It is still advised to screen patients for TMD before orthodontic treatment and manage any existing TMD symptoms conservatively.
The document discusses temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and their relationship to orthodontic treatment. Some key points:
- TMD signs and symptoms are common in the general population and usually increase with age, unrelated to orthodontic treatment.
- Orthodontic treatment does not increase or decrease the risk of developing TMD. No specific orthodontic mechanics are linked to higher risk.
- Achieving an ideal occlusion does not prevent TMD, and no method of prevention has been proven effective. TMD is usually alleviated by simple, conservative treatments in most cases.
1. There are several methods for predicting surgical outcomes of orthognathic surgery, including manual tracings, computer software programs, and video imaging.
2. Studies have found that current prediction methods tend to be inaccurate, especially in predicting soft tissue changes like lip and chin positions. Predictions often differ from actual outcomes by 2mm or more.
3. While prediction images can help communicate treatment plans to patients, they may also unintentionally create unrealistic expectations that are not always achieved. More accurate prediction methods are still needed.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Facial asymmetry /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document provides information on bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), a common surgical procedure for the mandible. Some key points:
- BSSO involves making sagittal cuts along the ramus and body of the mandible to allow advancement or setback of the mandible. It was first described in the 1950s and has undergone several modifications.
- Indications for BSSO include mandibular deficiencies, prognathism, asymmetries, open bites, and cross bites. Contraindications include decreased posterior body height and ramus hypoplasia.
- The surgical procedure involves incisions, osteotomy cuts, splitting the segments, mobilization, positioning, and
Orthodontic brackets are components bonded to teeth that transfer force from archwires to move teeth into proper alignment and function. There are various bracket designs that differ in material, size, shape, and prescription. The development of pre-adjusted edgewise brackets aimed to directly guide teeth into normal occlusion with fewer bends in the archwire. However, individual variations still require some adjustments to achieve ideal positioning. Modern bracket types include self-ligating, ceramic, and lingual systems that offer enhanced aesthetics, mechanics, or patient comfort.
Bonding in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses adult orthodontics, including biological concepts, history, comparisons between adolescents and adults, objectives, classifications, adjunctive orthodontics, and comprehensive orthodontics. It covers topics like the periodontal ligament, bone, teeth, classifications of adult orthodontic treatment, objectives of treatment for adults, and procedures for adjunctive orthodontics including uprighting teeth, forced eruption, and aligning anterior teeth.
This document provides information about postero-anterior cephalometric analysis, including its history, setup, landmarks, and purposes. Some key points:
- Postero-anterior cephalograms can provide important qualitative and quantitative skeletal and dentofacial data as a supplement to lateral cephalograms.
- Broadbent and Hofrath pioneered the methodology in 1931. Modern setup involves a headholder that can rotate 90 degrees from lateral to postero-anterior position.
- Analysis involves identifying landmarks like zygomatic arches, maxillary molars, and measuring widths, ratios, and angles to evaluate symmetry and proportions.
- Postero-anterior views have limitations due to superimposition
Distraction Osteogenesis in OrthodonticsWaqar Jeelani
Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique that involves gradually separating bone segments that have been cut. This causes new bone to form in between the segments. There are several phases to this process including latency, distraction, consolidation, and remodeling. Historically, Codivilla first reported limb lengthening in 1905 but it was Ilizarov who developed the technique in the 1950s using gradual distraction. Since then it has been used for many purposes like lengthening the mandible to treat deficiencies. Planning involves factors like the distraction device used, bone quality, and distractor orientation. It can have advantages over other techniques like allowing for more correction and growing tissues with the patient.
Psycological management of orthodontic patients /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Canine Impaction and Its Importance in OrthodonticsAnalhaq Shaikh
Canine Impaction, Its Importance in Orthodontics, Etiology, Diagnosis and Management.
by Dr Analhaq Shaikh, 2nd year Postgraduate student, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimoga, Karnataka
Canine Impaction can also be termed as Shy Canine.
This document provides an overview of Lefort I osteotomy, including:
- A brief history describing the development of maxillary osteotomy techniques.
- Anatomical considerations and the biologic basis for maxillary osteotomies, which have shown adequate blood supply can be maintained.
- Indications for Lefort I osteotomy include altering vertical dimension, anteroposterior movements, and surgical expansion of the maxilla.
- Types of Lefort I osteotomies are described, including classic, quadrangular, and segmental variations. Postoperative management and potential complications are also outlined.
This document discusses the management of open bite malocclusions. It begins by defining open bite and classifying it as either skeletal or dental in nature. Skeletal open bite is caused by excessive vertical growth of the jaws while dental open bite is due to reduced incisor height. Common etiologies of open bite include thumb sucking habits, tongue thrusting, and abnormal skeletal growth patterns. The document outlines various treatment approaches for different open bite classifications and etiologies.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
BURSTONE ANALYSIS : C.O.G.S ( HARD & SOFT TISSUE) DrFirdoshRozy
This document summarizes various cephalometric analyses used to evaluate hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial structures. It describes key landmarks, reference planes, linear and angular measurements taken, along with their clinical significance. The analyses described include horizontal skeletal analysis, vertical skeletal analysis, dental analysis, soft tissue facial form analysis, and lip position/form analysis. Standard values are provided for each measurement for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
This document provides a history of the evolution of bonding in orthodontics from the 1960s to present day. It discusses key developments such as the introduction of acid etching by Buonocore in the 1950s, the early use of epoxy and composite resins for bonding by Newman and Miura in the 1960s-1970s, the introduction of visible light curing systems in the 1980s, and the development of self-etching primers in the 2000s. Bonding has evolved from using fillings materials to specialized orthodontic bonding resins and primers, and techniques now allow bonding to both dry and wet enamel surfaces.
A quick overview of all components that make up the aesthetic considerations during orthodontic treatment.
Contents -
Introduction
History
Records for studying esthetics
Smile design wheel
Macro-aesthetics
Mini-aesthetics
Deep Overbite correction
Treatment of gummy smiles
Micro-aesthetics
Elements of a balanced smile
Six horizontal lines
Canine to lateral incisor
Premolar to canine
Influence of extractions on smile esthetics
Conclusion
The role of orthodontics in temporomandibular disordersArdalan Azad
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common cause of facial pain that affects the jaw joint and muscles. The cause of TMD is poorly understood but factors like trauma, stress, genetics, and parafunctional behaviors are thought to play a role. While malocclusion was once thought to be a major cause of TMD, most studies now refute or reduce the role of occlusion in causing TMD. Orthodontic treatment is also generally not associated with increased risk of developing TMD. It is still advised to screen patients for TMD before orthodontic treatment and manage any existing TMD symptoms conservatively.
The document discusses temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and their relationship to orthodontic treatment. Some key points:
- TMD signs and symptoms are common in the general population and usually increase with age, unrelated to orthodontic treatment.
- Orthodontic treatment does not increase or decrease the risk of developing TMD. No specific orthodontic mechanics are linked to higher risk.
- Achieving an ideal occlusion does not prevent TMD, and no method of prevention has been proven effective. TMD is usually alleviated by simple, conservative treatments in most cases.
Temporomandibular joint and muscle disorders (TMJ) cause jaw pain and dysfunction. There are three main types: myofascial pain involving jaw muscles, internal derangement involving a displaced disc or joint injury, and arthritis. Causes include trauma, teeth grinding, hormones, genetics, and stress. Treatment involves heat/ice, soft diet, jaw exercises, relaxation techniques, and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs. More severe cases may require physical therapy, splints, injections, or surgery like arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, or disc removal.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and their relationship to orthodontics. It provides information on the prevalence, signs, symptoms and etiology of TMD. Regarding prevalence, studies show signs and symptoms increase from ages 15-25 and then level off. Common signs include joint sounds, tenderness and limited jaw movement. Reported symptoms include pain, headaches and ear discomfort. The cause of TMD is multifactorial but may include factors like malocclusion, trauma, bruxism and stress.
Tmd in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The document discusses temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in orthodontics. It covers definitions of TMD, the historical background and classifications. The relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment is examined. Etiology is multifactorial and can include anatomical, psychological and neuromuscular factors. Symptoms commonly seen in TMD include pain in the jaw joints or muscles, joint sounds like clicking or crepitus, and limited jaw movement. Epidemiological studies find a high prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms.
Tmj disorders /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Controversies in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Temporo Mandibular joint (TMJ) importance in orthodontic treatment /certifie...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Surgical approaches of TMJ /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Temporomandibular joint /disorders /management / treatmentCairo University
This document provides information about temporomandibular disorders (TMD). It discusses the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including its function, types of movement, related muscles and ligaments. Common TMD symptoms and disorders like disc displacement are described. The differences between TMD and cervicocranial disorders are outlined. Staging classifications for internal derangement and the differences between early and late stages of TMD are also summarized.
Functional examination /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
This document discusses functional examination in orthodontics. It outlines the key aspects of functional examination including examination of the postural rest position and maximum intercuspation, examination of the temporomandibular joint, and examination of orofacial dysfunctions.
It describes in detail the examination of the postural rest position and its relationship to maximum intercuspation. Various methods for determining and registering the postural rest position are provided. The document examines the path of closure in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes and how to evaluate different malocclusion types based on the path of closure. It distinguishes between true and pseudo deep bites, class II and III malocclusions, as well as
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), or TMJ syndrome, is an umbrella term covering acute or chronic inflammation of the temporomandibular joint, which connects the mandible to the skull. The disorder and resultant dysfunction can result in significant pain and impairment. Because the disorder transcends the boundaries between several health-care disciplines — in particular, dentistry, neurology, physical therapy, and psychology — there are a variety of treatment approaches.
This document provides a summary of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) in 3 paragraphs:
The first paragraph describes the anatomy of the TMJ, including its components like the glenoid fossa, articular eminence, condyle, separating disc, joint capsule, and ligaments. It also discusses the articulatory system involving the TMJ, muscles of mastication, occlusion of teeth, and nerve supply.
The second paragraph classifies TMDs as either intra-articular/intrinsic disorders involving the joint itself, or extra-articular/extrinsic disorders caused by factors outside the joint like muscle disorders, trauma
Tmj surgical anatomy and approaches (nx power lite) /certified fixed orthodon...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Growth and development of temporo mandibular joint / invisible alignersIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) permits the mandible to move through gliding and hinge movements. It consists of the mandibular condyle, mandibular fossa, articular disc, and articular capsule. The condyle articulates with the fossa and articular eminence, while the articular disc separates the joint into upper and lower compartments. The joint capsule surrounds the joint and is lined with a synovial membrane that produces lubricating synovial fluid. Accessory ligaments and the lateral temporomandibular ligament provide stability to the joint. The TMJ undergoes age-related changes including flattening of the condyle and thinning of the
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses various disorders that can affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including rheumatoid arthritis, adherences, subluxation, spontaneous dislocation, ankylosis, muscle contracture, coronoid process impedance, and tumors. For rheumatoid arthritis, TMJ involvement occurs in 40-80% of patients and can cause pain, limited opening, and radiographic changes like bone erosion. Subluxation involves sudden forward movement of the condyle during opening while spontaneous dislocation results in an inability to close due to the disc being trapped anteriorly. Ankylosis is a limited mobility condition that can be bony, fibrous, or false and is usually treated with gap arthroplasty.
Condylar fractures /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Splints in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
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This document provides an overview of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It defines internal derangement as an abnormal relationship between the articular disc and condyle. The most common type is anterior disc displacement, which can be with or without reduction. Causes include trauma, functional overloading, joint laxity, and muscle spasms. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include clicking, limited opening, and pain. Diagnosis involves clinical exams and MRI imaging. Treatment ranges from splint therapy to arthrocentesis or arthroscopy for lavage and relief of adhesions. Arthrocentesis is shown to improve opening and reduce pain by removing inflammatory factors from the
Temporomandibular joint /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
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Temporomandibular disorders/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Management of odontogenic tumors /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Management of odontogenic tumors /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
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The document discusses joint dislocation, including definitions, causes, types, signs and symptoms, diagnostic evaluations, management including closed and open reduction techniques, nursing diagnoses, and nursing care for a patient experiencing a joint dislocation. Joint dislocations are injuries where the ends of bones in a joint are forced from their normal positions, commonly occurring in shoulders, fingers, elbows, knees and hips due to trauma, falls, or motor vehicle accidents.
Distraction osteogenesis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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The document discusses temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and their relationship to orthodontic treatment. It covers the components and functional anatomy of the temporomandibular joint, as well as the etiology of TMD which can include trauma, psychosocial factors, systemic factors, and factors related to orthodontic treatment like premolar extractions, elastics, appliances, and occlusion. The pathogenesis of TMD involves changes in the muscles like bruxism and changes in the joint. Overall it provides an overview of TMD for orthodontists.
The document defines several medical terms related to spinal cord injury and provides information about the anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord. It then discusses types of spinal cord injuries, diagnostic assessments, management, and nursing care plans. The nursing care plan includes interventions to improve breathing, mobility, skin integrity, bowel and bladder function, and provide comfort. Health teaching aims to prepare patients for independence after discharge.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the jaw to the skull. TMJ disorders are commonly caused by muscular problems or issues with the TMJ elements. Diagnosis involves x-rays or CT/MRI scans of the joint. Conservative treatments include rest, warm compresses, splints, gentle exercises, and injections. More invasive procedures include washing out the joint or cortisone injections. Surgery is a last resort to replace the jaw joints.
This document discusses vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and its assessment and management in dental treatment. It defines key terms like vertical dimension of occlusion and rest. It describes factors that influence and maintain VDO like growth, environment, neuromuscular function and tooth wear. Loss of VDO can have consequences like impaired function and appearance. Assessment involves evaluating centric relation, interocclusal distance and facial measurements. Increasing or decreasing VDO requires use of diagnostic appliances, wax ups and provisional restorations to assess patient tolerance. Splints are used temporarily and philosophy of determining condylar position in centric relation is important when changing VDO.
Similar to TMJ disorders/ General orthodontics (20)
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Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
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skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
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Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
13. c. Psoriatic arthritis
d. Ankylosing spondylitis
e. Lupus erythematosus
3. Infectious arthritis
4. Metabolic diseases
a. Gout arthritis
b. Chondrocalcinosis
C. Capsulitis/ synovitis
D. Retrodiscitis
E. Fracture
F. Ankylosis www.indiandentalacademy.com
14. G. Developmental disturbances of TMJ
1. Condylar hyperplasia
2. Condylar hypoplasia
3. Condylar aplasia
H. Neoplasia
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. This describes TMD in relation to the progressive
patterns of deformation in specific intracapsular
structures.
This is most practical method for clarifying the exact
conditions.
Stage I….. Normal healthy joint
Stage II… Intermittent click.
Stage III a… lateral pole click.
Stage III b… ….Lateral pole lock.
Stage IV a….Medial pole click.
Stage IV b…. Medial Pole Lock.
Stage V a… Perforation with Acute Degenerative
Joint.
Stage V b… Perforation with Chronic Degenerative
Joint. www.indiandentalacademy.com
20. Disc maintains its position on condyle , due to
morphology and interarticular pressure
If the morphology of disc is altered, the discal
ligaments are elongated , begins to slide.
In resting closed position, the tonicity of the SLP causes
the disc to be forward and medially placed
www.indiandentalacademy.com
21. If the pull of the muscle is protracted over time,
The posterior border becomes thinned.
As it thinned, it can be displaced further in
discal space, so that the condyle lies on the
posterior band.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
22. Longer the disc is displaced AM ,greater the thinning
of the posterior border, more elongation of discal
ligaments, greater the loss of elasticity in the superior
retrodiscal lamina.
Disc becomes more flatter
Loses its functional positioning ability.
Superior lateral pterygoid encourages anterior migration
of the disc completely thru the discal space.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. Articular surface are separated.
If it conditions continues, the condyle will be
repositioned on retrodiscal space.
Tissues breakdown occurs leading to tissues
inflammation.
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24. DEFINTIVE TREATMENT: refers to methods that are
directed towards controlling / eliminating the cause of
the disorder.
SuppoRTIVE TREATMENT: refers to methods
directed towards altering the symptoms.
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27. Negative biofeed back: electrodes are placed on
masseter lead to monitor. The monitoring device
is connected to sounding device, when ever
clenching occurs, the feedback mechanism is
activated & sound is heard.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
31. TENS
Neuralogic- pain
inhibition of small C
fibers by forcing the
large myelinated A fibers
to carry light touch
sensation
Physiologic-increasing
the blood circulation
Pharmacologic-by
release of endorphins
Psychologic-Placebo
effect
www.indiandentalacademy.com
33. Chronic Tmd often not resolved by simple dental
procedures(occlusal appliance),,,, mostly due to
psychosocial issues.
Dr peter bertrand:
Addressing the pain & fatigue as a physiologic
disturbance in need of correction.
Managing autonomic dysregulation.
Altering dysfunctional breathing.
Improving the sleep.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
34. Disc displacement divided in to stages based On signs
symptoms combined with imaging findings
• Anterior disc displacement with reduction (clicking joint)
• Anterior disc displacement without reduction (closed lock)
www.indiandentalacademy.com
38. Well informed patient play a significant role
in therapy
Patient should instructed to
- Decrease loading of joint as much as
possible
- Soft food diet
- Slower chewing
- Smaller bites
- Not to allow joint to click
-Not to open his mouth forcefully
If Inflammation is present than NSAIDS.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
39. Moist heat or ice.
PSR: Reduces the loading to the joint & generally down
regulate the central nervous system.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
41. When the condition is acute, the initial therapy is to
reduce the disc by manual manipulation.(first episode).
Technique for manual manipulation.
First point: The Level of activity in the sup. Lateral
pterygoid muscle …. Relaxed.
Second point: The Disc space must be increased so
that disc can be repositioned .
Third point: The Condyle must be in the maximum
forward position.
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43. If the disc is dislocated permanently?????
Patients with disc dislocation should be given a
stabilization appliance that will reduce forces to
retrodiscal tissues.
If this fails than surgical repair.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
44. Educating the patient, of the restricted mouth opening,
if attempted than more pain .
Decrease hard biting, gum chewing.
If pain is there than anti-inflammatory drugs.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
46. Arthrocentesis coupled with lavage and manipulation
has been the procedure of choice
Joint is anesthetized by LA and the patient is under
conscious sedation, 20-gauge needle is placed in the
upper compartment about 1 cm in front of the ear,
hydraulic pressure is created by injecting about 2ml of
Ringer’s Lactate Solution
The second 20-gauge is placed about 1cm anterior to
the first needle and the joint is irrigated with 50-100ml
of Ringer’s Lactate Solution
www.indiandentalacademy.com
47. A single needle is introduced to the joint & fluid can be
forced in to space in an attempt to free articular
surfaces.This is called “Pumping The Joint.”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
49. The cannula attached to the rigid arthroscope is
inserted in the upper joint compartment and the
arthroscope is connected to a television camera
equipped with video monitor
The upper joint compartment is thoroughly examined
either directly through ocular or indirectly from the
monitor
The most common procedures performed by
arthroscopy are lysis and lavage
Improvement reported is 73 % to 93 %
www.indiandentalacademy.com
51. STAGE OF CONDITIONSTAGE OF CONDITION PROCEDUREPROCEDURE
DISK DISPLACEMENT WITH REDUCTIONDISK DISPLACEMENT WITH REDUCTION
MECHANICALMECHANICAL
INTERFERENCEINTERFERENCE
ARTHROTOMYARTHROTOMY
SMOOTH MOVEMENTSMOOTH MOVEMENT ARTHROTOMYARTHROTOMY
MODIFIED CONDYLECTOMYMODIFIED CONDYLECTOMY
DISK DISPLACEMENT WITHOUT REDUCTIONDISK DISPLACEMENT WITHOUT REDUCTION
ACUTEACUTE ARTHROCENTESIS, LAVAGE ANDARTHROCENTESIS, LAVAGE AND
MANIPULATION, ARTHROSCOPYMANIPULATION, ARTHROSCOPY
WITH LAVAGE, LYSISWITH LAVAGE, LYSIS
CHRONICCHRONIC ARTHROTOMY OR RTHROSCOPYARTHROTOMY OR RTHROSCOPY
WITH LAVAGE, LYSISWITH LAVAGE, LYSIS
DISK DISPLACEMENT WITH PERFORATIONDISK DISPLACEMENT WITH PERFORATION
ARTHROTOMYARTHROTOMY
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56. Cause
Created by actual changes in the smooth articular
surface of the joint & disc.
Flattening of the condyle & fossa,
Even bony protuberance on the condyle
Perforation & thinning of the disc.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
58. Cause is change in the articular surface so treatment is
to return altered form, surgery.
Various options are:
Bony compatibility smoothed & round the
surface.
If the disc is perforated discoplasty.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
59. Most of cases : Education.
Patient will learn a manner of opening & chewing that
minimizes the dysfunction.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
60. b.Adherences and Adhesions
Disc to condyle
Disc to fossa
Mechanism
Static loading Exhaustion of weeping lubrication Adherence
Persistent
adherence,hemarthrosis
www.indiandentalacademy.com
61. Adherence in superior joint space
Limited to rotation
Adherence freed click may be felt
www.indiandentalacademy.com
63. Decrease the loading of the joint
For nocturnal a stabilization appl
For diurnal patient awareness & PSR.
When adhesions , breaking of fibrous attachment is
done arthroscopic surgery.
Diurnal
clenching
nocturnal
www.indiandentalacademy.com
64. Adhesions: passive exercises
: ultrasound.
: distraction of the joints.
learn the pattern of opening.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
65. It is due to variation in anatomic , with steep short
posterior slope of articular eminence &longer flat
anterior slope.
During the final opening, the condyle can be seen
suddenly jump forward with a Thud sensation.
Pre auricular depression.
No clicking.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
69. The main objective of the treatment is to increase the
discal space& allow the superior retrodiscal lamina to
retract the disc.
Forceful closure should be avoided elevator
muscle spasm & aggravate the dislocation.
Reduction should be done.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
70. Patient ask to open widely as in yawning, will activate
the mandibular depressors & inhibit the elevators.
At the same time , slight posterior pressure is applied
to the chin will reduce a spontaneous dislocation.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
71. If the dislocation is chronic than , patient should be
taught self reduction.
If the condition is intolerable than Eminectomy.
Conservative treatment is botulinum toxin, inject it in
inferior lateral pterygoid bilaterally.
Supportive treatmentSupportive treatment
Prevention , which begin with same supportive therapy
as for subluxation.
Recurrent than self reduction.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
73. Clinical characteristics
Capsular ligament can be palpated by finger on lateral
pole.
Limited Mandibular opening.
If the edema is present condyle may be displaced
inferiorly ,disocclusion of ipsilateral posterior teeth
www.indiandentalacademy.com
74. When the cause is trauma , the condition is self
limiting ,as trauma is absent.
No definitive treatment for inflammatory condition.
Supportive therapySupportive therapy
o Restrict the movements within painless limits.
o Soft Diet, slow movements & small bites.
o NSAIDS, thermotherapy.
o Ultrasound.
o Acute traumatic injury ,, corticosteroids.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
76. Extrinsic Trauma: cause is macro trauma, becoz is
generally not present , no definitive treatment.
Supportive therapy.Supportive therapy.
When acute malocclusion is not evident; than
analgesics , thermotherapy, corticosteroids.
When acute malocclusion is evident , stabilization
appliance for occlusal stability.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
77. Cause : intrinsic trauma, like anterior displacement,
treatment is towards the cause.
Supportive therapySupportive therapy
Restricting the use of mandible with in painless limits.
Analgesics ,
Thermotherapy,
Corticosteroids
www.indiandentalacademy.com
78. DJD : is also referred to as osteoarthosis, osteoarthritis,
degenerative arthritis, is primarily a disorder of
articular cartilage and subchondral bone, with
secondary inflammation of the synovial fluid .
Body response to increase loading , the articular
surfaces are softened, the subarticular bone begins
to resorb, thin & fibrilation breaks away
during activity.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
79. C/f:
Limited mandibular opening
Crepitation
Lateral palpation + manual loading of the condyle
increases the pain .
Radiographs: structural changes in subarticular
surfaces.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
80. Decrease the mechanical loading of the joint.
Attempt to correct the condyle- disc relationships.
Since osteoarthritis are associated with chronic
derangements , anterior positioning are not always
helpful.
Stabilization appliance…… muscle hyperactivity.
.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
81. Reassurance to the patient.
Anti-inflammatory drugs.
When symptoms are intolerable after 1-2 months of
supportive therapy, single injection of corticosteroid
can be used.
Surgical therapy.
When tmj pain persist r/g changes are, than surgery is
indicated.
An arthroplasty , which removes osteophytes & erosive
products is c/m preferred.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
83. Chronic hyperactivity of this muscle can create
tendonitis
C/F : Pain during function .
: Retrorbital pain
Definitive treatment: resting of muscle.
A Stabilization appliance if bruxism.
PSR.
Supportive therapy.
Analgesics if pain .
Ultrasound, thermotherapy.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
85. Ankylosis.
Muscle contracture
Coronoid process impedance
The predominant feature of this disorder is inability to
open the mouth to a normal range.
Rarely accompained by painful symptoms.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
86. Abnormal immobility of a joint.
Two types : bony
: fibrous.
o A fibrous is common & occur b/w
the condyle & disc or disc & fossa.
o A bony ankylosis occur b/w the
condyle & fossa.
o It is more chronic & extensive.
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88. Treatment:Treatment:
If the movements are not restricted than no treatment.
If function is inadequate than surgical.
Arthroscopic surgery.
Surgical removal of osseous bridge
Condylectomy
Osteoarthroplasty (gap arthroplasty)
Interpositional arthroplasty
• Silastic implant, tentalum foil, teflon.
• Ear cartilage graft
• Temporalis muscle flap
www.indiandentalacademy.com
89. It is the fibrosis of the ligament, the movement of the
condyle is restricted.
Definitive treatment is contraindicated.
1) The Fibrosis restricts only outer movement & not
functional problem of the patient.
2) becoz surgery can cause this disorder.
Supportive therapySupportive therapy
As it is asymptomatic so no treatment.
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90. Is a painless shortening of muscle.
Myostatic
Myofibrotic
Myostatic contracture.
Results when a muscle is kept from fully lengthening
for a prolonged period of time.
Often due to another disorder.
Definitive Treatment:
Disorder should be eliminated.
Than toward lengthening of the muscle.
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91. Two types of exercise :
passive stretching
Resistant opening.
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92. Occur as result of excessive tissue adhesions within the
muscle or its sheath, which prevents the muscle fibers
from sliding over themselves, disallowing full
lengthening.
C/F: painless limited opening.
Definitive treatmentDefinitive treatment:
The muscles fibers can relax but the muscle length
does not increase. It is permanent.
some elongation can occur by elastic traction.
Surgical detachment & reattachment.
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93. It is often difficult to diagnose the two by history &
examination, the key to diagnosis lies in treatment.
When muscle regains muscle length, myostatic
contracture is confirmed.
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95. Bone disorders
Muscle disorders.
Bone disorders: Agenesis
: Hypoplasia
: Hyperplasia
: Neoplasia.
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96. Enlargement & occasionally deformity of the condylar
head.
Have a secondary effect on mandibular fossa as it
remodels to accommodate.
Etiology:
Overactive cartilage,
Persistent cartilaginous rests
Increasing thickness of entire cartilaginous &
precartilaginous layers.
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98. Failure of the condyle to attain normal size.
Condyle is small but condylar morphology is normal.
Inherited or acquired.
Early injury or injury to articular cartilage by birth
trauma or intraarticular inflammatory lesion.
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100. Hypotrophy
Hypertrophy
Neoplasia.
The Common characteristic is feeling of muscle
weakness with hypertrophy.
Hypotrophy is difficult to recognize only.
Large masseter in case of hypertrophy.
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101. Definitive treatmentDefinitive treatment:
Must be tailored to the patient’s condition.
Treatment is restore the function, while minimizes the
trauma.
When hypertrophy is present secondary to bruxism
than muscle relaxation procedure.
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105. o Management of temporomandibular disorders & occlusion-5th
edition
o Jeffrey P Okeson
o 2Clinical management of temporomandibular disorders and orofacial.
o Richard A Pertes
o .Bell’s Orofacial pain -5th
edition. Okeson
o Evaluation Diagnosis and treatment of occlusal problems 2nd
edition
Peter E Dawson
o Surgery of temporomandibular joint David keith 2th edition.
o Jips 2005,5(2) 56-61.
o Dental update 2007.
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106. Thank you
For more details please visit
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