The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
“The study of orthodontia is indissolubly connected with that of art as related to the human face.” -Dr. Edward H. Angle.
Each person shares with the rest of the population a great many characteristics, but there are enough differences to make each human being a unique individual. Such limitless variation in the size, shape and relationship of the dental, skeletal and soft tissue facial structures are important in providing each individual with his or her own identity.
Face – Difficult object to measure accurately because of
– complex morphology
– sensitivity to eyes
– its soft nature.
One of goals of orthodontic treatment is creating a balanced & harmonious facial appearance. Craniofacial symmetry is one of the aspect of this harmony. Subject of symmetry or lack of symmetry of human face has been of considerable interest, particularly in the field of Orthodontics. Minor variation is a desirable variation of craniofacial structure which is perceived as esthetically pleasing and has no esthetic or functional significance. Asymmetry becomes important when it affects the function or esthetics of the person.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
K- Sir loop /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS CRITERIA FOR FUNCTIONAL JAW O...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
“The study of orthodontia is indissolubly connected with that of art as related to the human face.” -Dr. Edward H. Angle.
Each person shares with the rest of the population a great many characteristics, but there are enough differences to make each human being a unique individual. Such limitless variation in the size, shape and relationship of the dental, skeletal and soft tissue facial structures are important in providing each individual with his or her own identity.
Face – Difficult object to measure accurately because of
– complex morphology
– sensitivity to eyes
– its soft nature.
One of goals of orthodontic treatment is creating a balanced & harmonious facial appearance. Craniofacial symmetry is one of the aspect of this harmony. Subject of symmetry or lack of symmetry of human face has been of considerable interest, particularly in the field of Orthodontics. Minor variation is a desirable variation of craniofacial structure which is perceived as esthetically pleasing and has no esthetic or functional significance. Asymmetry becomes important when it affects the function or esthetics of the person.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
K- Sir loop /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS CRITERIA FOR FUNCTIONAL JAW O...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Management of facial asymmetries /certified fixed orthodontic courses by I...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Ricketts analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Soft tissue cephalometric analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by In...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Tongue and its importance in orthodontic treatment /certified fixed orthodont...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This slide gives you a detailed description of History
,Bone screws,Maxillary infra-zygomatic bone crest anatomy,Dimensions of IZC,Indications of IZC,Sites of placing IZC Screws,Mini-screw insertion in IZ crest of maxilla,Biological limitation for placement of IZC for distalization,General guidelines for placing IZC,Post operative care,Failures of IZC
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Management of facial asymmetries /certified fixed orthodontic courses by I...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Ricketts analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Soft tissue cephalometric analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by In...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Tongue and its importance in orthodontic treatment /certified fixed orthodont...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This slide gives you a detailed description of History
,Bone screws,Maxillary infra-zygomatic bone crest anatomy,Dimensions of IZC,Indications of IZC,Sites of placing IZC Screws,Mini-screw insertion in IZ crest of maxilla,Biological limitation for placement of IZC for distalization,General guidelines for placing IZC,Post operative care,Failures of IZC
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Objective: To differentiate non syndromic pathology that cause facial asymmetry. To understand the effect of unilateral condylar hyperplasy in a growing and non growing individual. Understand the effect of condylar fracture or trauma (impact) to the joint that may affect mandibular growth. To know the diagnostic test and surgical treatment that is recommended.
Treatment of Mid line Discrepancies & skeletal assymmetries /certified fixed ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Surgical orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Esthetics in complete denture/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Extra oral examination /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Esthetics in prosthodontics/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Midline shift /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Esthetics in complete denture/cosmetic dentistry course by Indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
5.
Human beings like any other creation of god
display bilateral symmetry except for some
minor negligible variations.
Concern of symmetry dates back to the
ancient civilizations which are evident in their
paintings and sculptures.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6.
By strict definition a mirror
image of right to left is
referred to as symmetry.
Due to various environmental or
developmental imperfections :ASYMMETRIES develop
Asymmetries within some
reasonable range cannot be
considered abnormal and
doesn’t need to be treated.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7.
Asymmetry in the craniofacial region was
first recognized by an artist Hasse in 1887.
Since then many anatomists, anthropologists
and biologists like Hilton, Huxley, Woodger,
Leibrich, Hellman, Woo, etc have found
asymmetry of form, function, and
proportions in animals and humans………
Classical concept of facial symmetry was
depicted in the paintings of Leonardo da
Vinci and Albercht Durer in 1507
www.indiandentalacademy.com
8.
Orthodontists are usually preoccupied with
lateral facial aspect while general public judge
beauty, symmetry & harmony from frontal
aspect
Thompson: “normal asymmetry is not very
evident, whereas abnormal asymmetry is quiet
obvious ”
Alton Moore: “In some cases what is pleasing
esthetically to some one is displeasing to other.”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
9.
Stedman's Medical Dictionary
defines Symmetry as
“equality or correspondence
in form of parts distributed
around a centre or an axis, at the
two opposite sides of the body”.
Asymmetry is defined as any deviation
from normal or difference in size or
relationship between two sides of the body
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10.
American College Dictionary
defines symmetry as
“the correspondence in size,
form, and arrangement of parts
on opposite sides of a plane , line,
or point”.
SYMMETRY = BALANCE
ASYMMETRY = IMBALANCE
www.indiandentalacademy.com
12.
In most individuals the right side of the
face is slightly larger than the left ,and
usually there is some asymmetry in
facial animation.
In persons with asymmetry, the lower
face is affected much more frequently
than the middle or upper thirds.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
13.
Asymmetry of the upper face
was seen in only 5%,
36% had a middle third
asymmetry, usually just the
nose but sometimes including
the zygoma
75% had lower third especially
a deviation of the chin.
About half of the patients with
asymmetry in the upper or
middle third also had
mandibular asymmetry.
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14.
Prevalence of orthodontic asymmetries:
Peck & Peck. 1991: studied bilaterally facial asymm. In 52 adult
white people with exceptionally well- balanced facial appearance
Decrease in asymmetry occurrence as approached cranially
Deformities were very mild and were identified by clinicians
sense of balance and patients perception of imbalance
Woo 1931: evaluated ancient Egyptian skulls and found cranial
asymmetry
Vig and Hewitt 1975 evaluated 63 PA cephs. Of 9 year old
children clinically normal
They had mild degrees of unnoticeable asymmetries
Melnik et al 1991 noted significant gender differences in the
occurrence of asymmetries
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16.
According to LUNDSTROM in 1961
QUANTITATIVE
ASYMMETRY
QUALITATIVE
ASYMMETRY
includes differences in
the no. of teeth on
each side or the
presence of a cleft lip
and palate.
could be difference in
size of the teeth,
their location in the
arches or the position
of the arches in the
head.
Proffit & White : Pg: 574 - 644
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17.
A. Dental Asymmetries:
can be due to Local factors such as loss of
deciduous teeth, congenitally missing teeth,
habits and lack of exactness in genetic
expression.
B. Skeletal Asymmetries:
Their deviation may involve one bone such as
maxilla or mandible or it may involve a no. of
skeletal and muscular structures on one side of
the face.
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
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18.
C) Muscular Asymmetries :
Hemifacial atrophy or cerebral palsy,
abnormal muscle functional
D) Functional Asymmetry:
can result from the mandible being
deflected laterally or antero - posteriorly, if
occlusal interferences prevent proper
intercuspation in centric relation.
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
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19.
Eyes : unilateral micropthalmia , anopthalmia
Nose : unilateral arhinia, heminasal aplasia, absence
of one nostril, blind dimple, skin tag, proboscides,
nasal coloboma, etc
Mouth : supernumerary mouth, ectopically placed
mouth, teeth, etc
Ears : dimorphism, hypoplastic, angulated, Low set,
with tissue tags, pits, sinuses, etc.
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
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27.
Intra –uterine pressure during pregnancy and
significant pressure in the birth canal during
parturition.
Pathologic:
Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle
Trauma and infection
Untreated fracture of mandible
Trauma and infection of TMJ
Ankylosis of TMJ
Damage to nerve
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28.
Clinically significant asymmetry is etiologically and pathologically
heterogeneous and may be localised or generalised
MALFORMATIONS
GENE MUTATION
EMBRYOPATHIES
CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
DISRUPTIONS
FETOPATHIES
CAUSES
HAMARTOSES
TRAUMA
PATHOLOGIES
INFECTIONS
CYSTS
TUMORS
FIBRO OSSEOUS
HEMI-ASYMMETRIES
HEMI HYPERPLASIA
HEMI HYPOPLASIA
HEMI ATROPY
31.
To visualize the 3
dimensional alteration of
mid facial and mandiblular
complex to specifically
identify the asymmetry.
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33. Acc to Souyris et al. 1983:
1.
Infections :
2.
Trauma and fractures
3.
Defective musculature
4.
Cysts and tumors
5.
Fibro-osseous lesions
Resulting in:
1.
Hemi hyperplasia
2.
Hemi hypoplasia
3.
Hemi atropy
4.
Ankylosis
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34.
Usually is a resultant
of mandibular defects
or a defect in itself or
associated structures.
These are usually seen
as defects in transverse
dimension, AP or
vertical resulting in
cant of the occlusal
plane.
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36.
Midline deviations
Sub division cases
Unilateral posterior cross bites
Unilateral impacted teeth
Resulting in mesial migration of
distal teeth
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37.
Arch form deviation
Frontal dental cants
Unilateral mesial movement of
posterior teeth
Missing teeth
Shape and size alteration of the
teeth
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39. • A thorough clinical examination and radiographic examination are
necessary to determine the extent of the Soft tissue, Skeletal,
Dental and Functional involvement.
Guidelines to achieve a specific diagnosis:
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40.
It revels asymmetry in vertical, AP &
lateral dimension.
STEPS IN CLINICAL EVALUATION:
i.
Evaluation of the dental midlines
ii. Vertical occlusal evaluation: The
presence of a canted occlusal plane
could be the result of a unilateral
increase in the vertical length of the
condyle and ramus.
iii. Transverse and antero posterior
occlusal evaluations .
iv. Transverse skeletal evaluation
v. Soft tissue evaluation.
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42.
A no. of projections are available to properly identify the
causes and location of the asymmetry
Lateral cephalogram:
To find ramal height, mandibular length and gonial angle.
Postero anterior projections:
Hewitt (1975)
Svanholt & Solo (1977)
Chierici (1983)
Multi planar ceph. Analysis – Grayson and Bookstein (1983)
Grummons & Kappeyene analysis(1987)
Rocky mountain analysis- Ricketts (1972)
Proffit (1991)
Panoramic radiograph:
To find presence of gross pathology, missing or supernumerary
teeth.
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43. CRANIOFACIAL ASYMMETRY BY MULTIPLANE CEPHALOMETRY
-Barry H. Grayson, Joseph G. McCarthy, Fred Bookstein,
1. Lateral ceph tracing
2. PA ceph tracing
3. Basal cranium tracing
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45. CRITERIA
RIGHT
LEFT
DIFFERENCE
HORIZONTAL PLANE
ZA line to MSR
(angular)
ZA to MSR (linear)
ZA to outer cranium
(linear)
MANDIBULAR MORPHOLOGY
TRIANGLE- Co- Ag- Me
Co – Me (linear)
Co – Ag (linear)
Ag – Me (linear)
Co – Ag – Me (angular)
VOLUMETRIC COMPARISON
POLYGON – Co – Ag – Me –MSR
Co – MSR
Area of polygon
MAXILLO – MANDIBULAR COMPARISON
Cg – J
Cg – Ag
J – MSR
Ag – MSR
J on MSR
Ag on MSR
Area of Cg – J - MSR
Area of Cg – Ag – MSR
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46. LINEAR ASSYMETRY
MSR – Co
MSR – NC
MSR – J
MSR – Ag
MSR – Me
MAXILLO – MANDIBULAR ASSYMETRY
A1 offset
B1 offset
A6 to J
(perpendicular)
FRONTAL VERTICAL PROPORTIONS
Cg – ANS : Cg – Me
ANS – Me : Cg – Me
ANS – A1 : ANS –
Me
ANS – A1 : Cg – Me
B1 – Me : ANS – Me
B1 – Me : Cg – Me
ANS – A1 : B1 – Me
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48.
Jug Handle projection: sub-mento vertex view
The exact position of the chin and rest of the mandible to
the maxilla , zygoma and the cranium can be analysed.
Occlusal radiograph:
To analyse dental malocclusion and its co-relation with
the adjacent bony structures.
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51.
These conditions are heterogeneous and require
extensive multi speciallity approach to achieve
comprehensive treatment results.
The team include:
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52. Treatment is divided into 3 stages:
stages
Preadolescent children
Adolescent
Adults
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53.
Principles of treatment:
In pre-adolescent children , 2 major problems
cause severe asymmetry:
A) Hemifacial Microsomia
B) Growth deficiency secondary to
trauma
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54.
In both conditions the maxilla is affected
secondarily as deficient vertical growth of
the mandible leads to distortion of the
alveolar process.
In Hemifacial Microsomia, both soft and
hard tissue elements are missing and growth
potential is likely to be deficient because of
the missing soft tissue.
Condylar fracture may produce partial
ankylosis that restricts what otherwise
would been normal growth.
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55.
The major reason for early surgical
intervention would be to improve the
chances of subsequent favorable growth
Surgery should be growth neutral ( no
deleterious effects on growth)
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56. Treatment options
A) Growth modification with Asymmetric
functional appliance
Asymmetric (Hybrid) functional appliance
Eg: Bite block on normal side to prevent over
eruption and buccal and lingual shield on the
affected side where vertical development is
desired with out bite blocks.
In major defects soft and hard tissue
simply do not have the potential and are less
likely to respond favorably.
B) Progressive asymmetry
is an indication for early surgical intervention
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60. BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
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Bishara
et al AO 1994:64:2
61. Three grades
1)
Grade I: The soft tissue and mandible are
present but deficient on the affected side
2)
Grade II: the mandibular condyle, ramus
and glenoid fossa may be present or absent
but when present are severly hypoplastic
and displaced. The soft tissue, including the
muscle of mastication, also are hypoplastic.
3)
Grade III: there is complete absence of
the condyle and ramus and a commensurate
soft tissue defect BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
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62.
In general, children with grade I AND mild
grade II problems may respond favorably to
functional appliance therapy and this
conservative approach should be tried
before surgery
Pt with severe grade II and Grade III
problems are candidates for early surgery
either to lengthen the ramus on the
affected side or to construct a
condyle/ramus unit.
BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
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64.
Surgical correction:
correction
Three stage of surgical intervention
described by Converse et al
1) Stage I : Tissue augmentation
Augmenting deficiencies in the mandible,
reconstructing missing skeletal elements &
improving three-dimensional symmetry
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
65. 2) Stage II: Orthognathic surgery
3) Stage III: contour modification is done to
III
enhance the contour of the skeletal and soft
tissue.
Newer Trends:
Distraction Osteogenesis !!
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
66. By far the most frequent growth problem due
to trauma in a child is asymmetric deficiency
secondary to an early fracture of the
Condylar process.
1) Acute management of condyle # in children
Immobilization of the jaw for 7 to 14 days
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
67. 2) Post treatment asymmetry:
early surgery to make translation of condyle
possible to guide subsequent
growth
3) Reconstruction of the TMJ in growing pt:
a) use local tissue, such as stump of the
remaining ramus or
b) Employ a costochondral graft
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
68.
3rd major cause of asymmetry
Affected in an multi articular form
Treatment with functional appliance is not
recommended for JRA
Surgery to lengthen the mandible, either
with conventional Orthognathic surgery or
distraction osteogenesis.
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
69. Excessive verses deficient mandibular growth
•
Functional appliance until growth is complete or all
complete, to prevent the development of maxillary
as well as mandibular asymmetry if possible . This
is followed by corrective surgery as necessary.
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70. Clinical management of
Hemi- Mandibular Hypertrophy
• Remove the growth site at the head of the affected
condyle
• Hybrid appliance to block further eruption of teeth on
affected side and allowing teeth to erupt on the
unaffected side
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72.
In adults skeletal asymmetry can not be managed
orthodontically.
Initial alignment followed by jaw surgery
MAXILLARY PROCEDURES:
LE FORT 1 WITH ASYMMETRIC CORRECTION WITH OR
WITHOUT NASAL AND OTHER MIDFACIAL PROCEDURES
MANDIBULAR PROCEDURES:
BSSO WITH ASYMMETRY CORRECTION
SURICAL REMOVAL OF THE POTENTIAL GROWTH CENTER
ESPECIALLY IN CONDITIONS LIKE HEMI FACIAL
HYPERTROPHY DUE TO CONDYLAR OVERGROWTH.
CHIN PROCEDURES:
ASYMMETRIC GENIOPLASTIES
DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS
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BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Bishara et al AO 1994:64:2
77. •Often treated only with orthodontics
•Asymmetric extraction sequence and asymmetric mechanics such as
•Class III elastics on one side and Class II elastics on other with
oblique anterior elastics
•Unilateral headgears / jasper jumper etc
•Unilateral tipback bends
•Composite buildups and prosthodontic restorations in pronounced
asymmetries
•In arch constructions due to dental causes SME and RME can be
used with appliances like HYRAX, HASS, Quad helix, etc
•Distalization of molars with appliances like pendulum appliance,
distal jet, implants, etc.
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78.
Proper diagnosis & treatment planning is must.
A detailed and precise evaluation of the force systems
to be used.
Orders of correction:
Molar rotation : 1st order
Correct mesial migration and mesial in rotations due to premature
loss of decidious counterpart
Molar tipping : 2nd order
To correct abnormal mesial angulation and migration; ectopic
eruptions
Posterior crossbite : 3rd order
CO- CR discrepancies
Achieved by:
Asymmetric extractions
Differential anchorage preparation
Asymmetric space closure mechanics
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Sem Orthod 1998 :3
79.
In severe cases - to provide space necessary to
correct pronounced asymmetries.
This is done in order to overcome the side effects of
asymmetric mechanics
Before proceeding, it is crucial to determine whether
the observed asymmetry is genuine & not the
product of a functional or habitual shift of
mandible.
Anchorage must be critically reviewed
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Sem Orthod 1998 :3
81.
To correct asymmetries due to
unilateral extrusions or intrusion
or mild skeletal defects
producing occlusal cants.
Here the brackets are positioned
progressively gingivally /
occlusally to correct the canted
occlusal plane.
Sem www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthod 1998 :3
83.
Although a myriad of factors contribute to
facial aesthetics, symmetry may be the
quintessential ingredient.
In the management of dental arch
asymmetries, the clinician should select the
appropriate force system and the appliance
design necessary to address the asymmetry
while minimizing undesirable side effects.
Surgical correction of Dentofacial
asymmetries necessitates corresponding
orthodontic treatment.
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84.
A primary goal of surgical orthodontics is to
eliminate the dental compensations for the
skeletal deformity in all three planes of
space.
The three-dimensional skeletal, dental, and
soft-tissue alterations required for the
surgical and orthodontic correction of dento
facial asymmetries are among of the most
challenging and rewarding treatments to plan
and accomplish.
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87.
BJ Plast Surg: 1997: 536 – 551
Proffit & White 580 – 587
J P Reyneke : 233
Facial asymmetry : A Review :Bishara et al AO
1994:64:2
Asymmetries : diagnosis and treatment : Sem Orthod
1998 :3 : 133 -198
A classification of cranio facio cervical clefts:
Subramani & Murthy :Indian J Plast Surg: Dec :2005
Use of triangular analysis: K W Butow Peter van der
Walt: J Max Fac Surg 12 1984 62- 70
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88.
AJO 1981 Sep 263 - 288 Tridimensional planning for
surgical/orthodontic treatment of mandibular excess - Bell and
Jacobs
AJO 1981 May 535 - 548 Dental arch shape - Sampson
AJO 1982 Jul 68 - 74 Hemifacial microsomia treated with
Herbst appliance - Sarnäs, Pancherz, Rune, and Selvik
AJO 1983 May 382 - 390 Analysis of errors in orthodontic
measurements - Houston
AJO 1984 Mar 224 - 237 Diagnosis and treatment planning of
skeletal asymmetry with submental-vertical radiograph Forsberg, Burstone, and Hanley
AJO 1985 Mar 240 - 246 Progressive facial asymmetry Arvystas, Antonellis, and Justin
AJODO 1988 Jan 38 - 46 Facial and dental arch asymmetries Alavi, BeGole, and Schneider
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89.
AJODO 1991 Jul 19 - 34 Assessment of structural and
displacement mandibular asymmetries - Schmid, Mongini, and
Felisio
AJODO 1994Aug 191 - 200 mand and facial asymmetrys
REVIEW ARTICLE - Pirttiniemi
AJODO 1994 May 489 - 495 Mandibular skeletal and dental
asymmetry in Class II malocclusions - Rose, Sadowsky,
BeGole, and Moles
AJODO 1994 Jan 73 - 77 Prepubertal trauma and mandibular
asymmetry - Skolnick, Iranpour, Westesson, and Adair
AJODO 1994 Sep 250 - 256 Assessment of craniofacial
asymmetry with S-V radiographs - Arnold, Anderson, and
Lilyemark
AJODO 1995 Apr 394 - 400 Unilateral crossbite and
mandibular asymmetry in adults O'Bym, Sadowsky,Schneider,
and BeGole
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