This document describes a Robust Railway Crack Detection Scheme (RRCDS) that uses lasers and sensors to detect cracks in railway tracks and prevent train accidents. The system works by placing a laser pointer on one side of the track and a sensor on the other; if the laser hits the sensor, it indicates a disjoint in the track. The location is then tracked using GPS and reported using GSM to alert authorities. Key components include lasers, sensors, motors, microcontrollers, GPS, GSM modules and supporting ICs. The aim is to help reduce the growing number of railway accidents and casualties in recent years.

1. Robust Railway Crack Detection
Scheme (RRCDS)

2. Introduction
• The project aims in designing robust railway
crack detection scheme (RRCDS) using Laser
which avoids the train accidents. And also
capable of controlling the whole system by
using the GPS based GSM modem.

3. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
• The basic principle of operation is, when laser
pointer is placed at one side of the railway
track and sensor on the other side, whenever
laser light falls on the sensor then it indicates
that the track is disjoint and by which further
operations will takes place.

4. Components
• Laser pointer and sensor-2
• Robotic wheels
• Robotic motor Dc
• Robotic Arm
• Power supply batteries -3v,9v,12v
• IC7805
• ILQ74 optoisolator
• L293 h bridge
• Max 232 IC
• Microcontroller –pic18f452
• Gsm module
• Gps module
• Resistors,capacitors
• Crystal 10Mhz

5. Block Diagram
M.C
PIC18F
452
LASER
POINTER1
LASER
SENSOR1
Robo
MOTOR
GPS
GSM
Robo
arm right
LASER
POINTER2
LASER
SENSOR2
Robo
arm left
ILQ74
OPTO
L293 H
BRIDGE
L293 H
BRIDGE
Robo
MOTOR
Max 232
Max 232
Power Supply(3v,5v,12v)
Crystal
10mhz

6. How it works
Robo
TrackTrack
Laser source
sensor
Robo Arms

7. LASER POINTER AND SENSOR
• Laser pointer is the laser source which emits
the laser light and sensor is “L14F1”

8. GPS AND GSM
• GPS is the Global Positioning System , which
help us to track the particular location on the
earth
• GSM is the Global System for Mobile
communication, which help us to deal with
the phone services like calls , messages, etc

9. Important IC’s
• L293 h-bridge IC: It is used to drive the motor
which is connected to it.
• ILQ74 IC: It is used to separate motor and
microcontroller to rid of any electric shock
,protection to microcontroller.
• Max 232: It is used to convert rs232 to ttl
logic.

10. MOTORS
• Motors are used for the mechanical rotation
of wheels of the robot.

11. Necessity
• Railway accidents are increasing year by year,
there are 797 accidents occurred in the last 10
years and about 454 lost their life.
• Our project will help to prevent most number
of railway accidents.

12. APPLICATION
• The most powerful application of this project
is to alert the government by tracing the
disjoint location and by which proper steps
can be taken further more ..

13. Conclusion
Hence I conclude that the project Robust Railway
Crack Detection Scheme (RRCDS) is sophisticated
methodology to detect and alerts the disjoints of
railway tracks and to prevent railway accident.

14. Project members:
Shaik Younus
Rakesh
Pramodh