This document summarizes a seminar presentation on an automatic railway track brake detection system. The system uses ultrasonic sensors to detect cracks or deformations in railway tracks to automatically stop trains if issues are found. It consists of an Arduino, ultrasonic sensors, buzzer, LEDs, and DC motors. The system aims to address the major issue of derailments caused by undetected cracks, improving safety by automatically detecting cracks without human intervention. It provides advantages over traditional detection like quickly locating issues to prevent accidents and save lives.

1. SEMINAR
On
“AUTOMATIC RAILWAY TRACK BRAKE
DETECTION SYSTEM”
Submitted for partial fulfillment of Diploma Submitted
By,
Name of Projectees
ASHISH S BELKHEDE
SMITH CHOUREY
PRANAY PATIL
VILASH MAHURE
SUJIT KUMAR TIWARI
Project Guide Project In charge HOD EE
Prof. Akash Ukunde Prof. Rashmi More Prof. Akash Ukunde
Department of Electrical Engineering
NIT Polytechnic, Nagpur.
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
Session: 2018-2019

2. Content
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Block Diagram
 Block Diagram Explanation
 Component List
 Advantage and Disadvantage
 Application
 Conclusion

3. ABSTRACT
The Indian Railways has one of the largest railway networks in the world,
crises - crossing over 1,15,000 km in distance, all over India
The proposed broken rail detection system automatically detects the faulty
rail track without any human intervention.
There are many advantages with the proposed system when compared with
the traditional detection techniques.
By this proposed system the exact location of the faulty rail track can
easily be located which will mended immediately so that many lives can be
saved.
This project work is aimed towards addressing the issue by developing an
automatic railway track crack detection system integrating an infrared red
(IR) brake sensing module.

4. INTRODUCTION
The Indian railway network is the fourth largest railway network in the world.
About 60% of all the rail accidents is due to derailments, recent statistics reveal
that about 90% are due to cracks on the rails.
Hence these cracks in railway lines have to be addressed with utmost attention
due to the frequency of rail usage. These cracks generally go unnoticed due to
improper maintenance and irregular and human involvement in track line
monitoring.
The fastest train in the India is a WAP 12 speed of this train is 120 kph.
The main objective of the project is to identify any crack or deformation on the
railway track.

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM
FIG (1).: - BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AUTOMATIC
RAILWAY TRACK BREAK DETECTION SYSTEM

7. EXPLANATION OF BLOCKDIAGRAM
Arduino Uno R3
The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It
has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6
analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it
with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
BUZZER
The buzzer is used for the alerting by using echo.

8. ULTRASONIC SENSOR
• As the name indicates, ultrasonic sensors measure distance by using
ultrasonic waves.
• The distance can be calculated with the following formula:
Distance L = 1/2 × T × C
LED
• Lighting is use to indicate the signal to traction to Start and Stop.
DC SERIES MOTORS
There are two main reasons for using DC series motor for traction purpose.
They are It has high starting torque which is important in traction system. It
requires less power for high torque production because torque production is
directly proportional to the square of the armature current

11. HARDWARE REQURIMENTS
SR
No.
Type Of Equipment Quantity Price
1 Arduino Uno R3 1 325
2 Ethernet Wires 1 25
3 Jumper Wire 30 60
4 Ultrasonic Sensor 2 200
5 Adapter 1 95
6 Buzzer 1 15
7 300 Rpm Motor 2 280
8 Dummy Wheel 6 140
9 Chassis 1 60
10 Wheel 8 240
11 Relay Module 1 80
12 Aluminium Strip 12 Ft 120
13 Led 2 10
14 Limit Switch 1 15

12. ADVANTAGES
• The auto crack detection method is more efficient in the technical field
• Quick response
• Easy to maintain and repair
• No fire hazard problem due to over loading
• Stop the train without driver
DISADVANTAGES
• High cost
• It is more complicated in construction
APPLICATION
• Automatic crack checking
• Cordless identification to the station master

13. CONCLUSION
With the help of ultrasonic sensor sense the brake on track and stop the
train automatically with the help of relay module and save the life of
passengers .
Also send the location with the help of GPRS send the station master and
alert another trains of this track.
REFERENCES
• Rao M.Jaswanth B. R. 2014 Crack Sensing Scheme in Rail
Tracking System IJERA.
• Parrilla M. Nevado P. Ibanez A.Camach J.Brizuela J. Fritsch C., 2008.
Ultrasonic imaging of solid railway wheels. IEEE
• The Hindu Official Website.2012, Ultrasonic
Railway crack detection system. Available from:
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tpnational/tp-kerala/students
develop-device-fordetecting-cracks-on-rail-tracks/article3916920.ece

14. THANK YOU
THANK YOU