Developing Life Safety Plans for Health Care Facilities

A I A W Y O M I N G - F A L L C O N F E R E N C E
W o r k s h o p #2
Developing
L I F E S A F E T Y P L A N S
for
H E A T H C A R E
P R O J E C T S
September 20, 2014

Outline
Introduction
Course Description
Learning Objectives
Speaker Bio
Life Safety Plans (LSP)
WHY…do we provide LSP’s?
WHAT…are LSP’s?
WHO…contributes to LSP’s?
LS Codes
ICC (IBC, IFC, IPC, IMC, IFGC)
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code
LSP Focus
Occupancy Use
Means of Egress
Compartmentalization
Fire-Resistant Rated Const
HC LSP Demonstration
Conclusions Questions
2

Best Practice
AIA-WY will report credits earned by course attendees
to AIA CES.
AIA-WY will provide certificates of completion to
course attendees on request.
I am registered as an AIA Approved Provider and this
course has been approved.
This course will not be used to promote or market
products or services during the educational portion of
the course.
Please add your names to the sign in sheet in order to
receive credit for the course.
3

Course Description
There is no code or standard of practice specifying how to develop a life safety plan
(LSP). A thorough and concise LSP provides a picture of the facility's design. This
picture is used to determine if the intended design meets the minimum requirements
of the applicable codes, standards, and regulations.
A “good” LSP identifies problems during design instead of construction, makes future
inspections easier by starting with a code-compliant building, and provides the
necessary documentation to facilitate future facility rehabilitations. A “bad” LSP may
require compliance by demolition instead of eraser.
This course will focus on (4) major components of life safety design : means of
egress components, fire-resistant rated construction, compartmentalization,
and occupancy and use classifications.
This course will reference both the NFPA 101 Life Safety Code and the ICC codes
(IBC, IFC, IMC, IPC, IFGC) as the more stringent of these (2) codes must be met.
This course will summarize the plan submittal and review process for healthcare
projects in the state of Wyoming.
This course will introduce plan review worksheets that Design Teams can utilize as a
reference guide when self-reviewing their designs for code compliance.
4

Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, participants will be
able to develop a Life Safety Plan that addresses
Means of Egress Components,
Fire-Resistant Rated Construction,
Compartmentalization,
Occupancy and Use Classifications.
5

Speaker Bio
Todd Wyatt – Chief of Life Safety Construction Branch
Started at HLS on 5/2012
Education : University of Illinois
Architecture : Bachelors 1990 Masters 1993
Professional
1990 - 1996 : Gary Anderson Architects (Rockford IL)
1996 - 2004 : H+L Architecture (Denver CO)
Role : Project Architect + Project Manager
Ivinson Memorial Hospital (Laramie, WY)
St. Mary’s Hospital (Grand Junction CO)
Great Plains Regional Medical Center (North Platte NE)
Children’s Hospital (Denver CO)
2004 - 2009 : EUA (Milwaukee WI)
Role : Quality Assurance Manager
Production/PM/Design/Staff Develop/Data Mgmt
Risk Mgmt : reviewed (25) projects
2010 - 2011 : H+L Architecture (Denver CO)
Role : Senior Project Architect
Children’s Hospital (Denver CO)
Licensed Architect (CO 2003)
6

10
WHY … do we provide LSP’s ?
State Licensure Requirements
Wyoming of Health
Aging Division – Life Safety Construction Branch
Statutory + Rules
Municipal Requirements
Permit Requirements
Delegated Jurisdictions for Final Plan Review
Casper, Cheyenne, Cody, Gillette, Lander, Sheridan
Standard of Care

State Licensure
Title 35 - Public Health and
Safety
Chapter 2 - Hospitals, Health Care
Facilities and Health Services
Article 9 - Licensing and Operations
W.S. 35-2-906. Construction and
expansion of facilities; exemption.
(a) A licensee who contemplates
construction of or alteration or
addition to a health care facility
shall submit plans and
specifications to the division for
preliminary inspection and approval
prior to commencing construction.
Significant changes to the original plans
must also be submitted and approved
prior to implementation. The plans
and any changes shall indicate any
increase in the number of beds.
Chapter 3 Rules Regulations for
HC Construction
(ii) The fire safety code requirements for the
construction and remodeling of any state-licensed
healthcare facility shall meet the
minimum requirements established in
the National Fire Protection Association
101 Life Safety Code or any other code
required to meet federal fire and life safety
certification. If any code requirements for
federal certification conflict with the code of
any other state or local governmental entity,
the code required for federal certification
shall prevail.
A separate plan for each floor, including
smoke compartmentation, exit signage, fire
extinguishers, fire alarm devices, pull
stations, sprinklered areas, fire barriers, and
corridor protection reflecting “NFPA 101:
Life Safety Code.”
11

12
Standard of Care
Legal term : “expectation”
Expects the architect to merely perform his or her services in the same
manner that other architects with similar experience, background, and
education would perform under similar circumstances.
Involves judgment : perfection is not expected
Relative measure, not an absolute measure
Professional Negligence
Owner (plaintiff) must prove architect acted “below the standard of care”
Architect does not have to prove his or her competence …
… EXCEPT …
… if the problem resulted directly from a building code violation in the
design.

13
WHAT … are LSP’s ?
Code Overview
International Building Code (IBC)
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code (LSC)
Submitted LS Content
Written
Graphic

15
IBC Content
Building Planning
Life Safety
Fire Protection
Occupant Needs

LSC Content Chapter 1 Administration
Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
Chapter 3 Definitions
Chapter 4 General
Chapter 5 Performance-Based Option
Chapter 6 Classification of Occupancy
and Hazard of Contents
Chapter 7 Means of Egress
Chapter 8 Features of Fire Protection
Chapter 9 Building Service and Fire
Protection Equipment
Chapter 10 Interior Finish, Contents,
and Furnishings
Chapter 11 Special Structures and
High-Rise Buildings
Chapters 12-42 Occupancy Chapters
Chapter 43 Building Rehabilitation
Annex
16

Ch 1-4, 6-11, 43 Many of the provisions are
mandatory for all occupancies.
Some provisions are mandated
only when referenced by a specific
occupancy, while others are
exempted for specific occupancies.
“Where permitted by Chapter 12
through Chapter 42
Provision can be used only where
specifically allowed by an
occupancy chapter.
“Unless prohibited by Chapter
12 through Chapter 42
Provision is allowed in all
occupancies unless specifically
prohibited by an occupancy
chapter.
17

Example Provisions of 7.2.1.6.1 on delayed
egress locks are allowed only when
permitted by Chapter 12 through
Chapter 42.
Permission to use the delayed egress
lock is normally found in the __.2.2
subsection of each occupancy chapter.
For example, 12.2.2.2.5 specifically
allows the use of delayed egress locks
in new assembly occupancies.
If this permission is not found in an
occupancy chapter, the delayed egress
lock cannot be used.
Similar types of restricted permission
are found for such items as security
grilles, double cylinder locks, revolving
doors, and so forth.
18

Chapters 12-42 Ch 12-42 Occupancy Chapters
12/13 New/Exist Assembly
14/15 New/Exist Education
16/17 New/Exist Day-Care
18/19 New/Exist Health Care
20/21 New/Exist Ambulatory HC
22/23 New/Exist Detention/Corr
24 New/Exist Dwellings
25 Reserved
26/27 New/Exist Lodging
28/29 New/Exist Hotels Dorms
30/31 New/Exist Apartment
32/33 New/Exist Board Care
34/35 Reserved
36/37 New/Exist Mercantile
38/39 New/Exist Business
40 Industrial
41 Reserved
42 Storage
19

Life Safety Content
Written Content
Worksheets
Example : Occupant Load
Calculations
Structural : Design Loads
(snow, wind, seismic)
Graphic Content
Show L-S components :
difficult to describe
Fire-Resistant Assemblies
Means of Egress
Occupant Load
20

21
WHO … contributes to LSP’s?
Design Team Responsibilities
Civil Landscape : Fire Dept access to site
Structural : Design Loads
Fire Protection : Automatic Sprinkler/Alarm Systems
Plumbing : Incidental Use Areas (Boiler rooms)
Mechanical : Fire Smoke Dampers
Electrical : Illumination of Means of Egress
Others : Hardware Suppliers - delayed egress locks

22
WHO … contributes to LSP’s?
Owner (O)
Site Survey : accurate information
Use of Building : Program
Example : Storage of hazardous materials?
Maintain LS Plans
50% not correct (JCAHO)
Contractor (C)
A201 – paragraph 3.7.3
“ … not the Contractor’s responsibility to ascertain
that the Contract Documents are in accordance
with applicable laws, statutes, ordinances, building
codes, and rules and regulations … “
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)
Interpretations
Deficiencies discovered during inspections

LSP Focus - Occupancy Use
Considerations
Hazardous Nature of Building Contents
Nature of the Occupants
Quantity (Occupant Load)
Mobility (Ambulatory)
Knowledge of Building’s LS Components
Construction Type
Area (IBC)
Stories (NFPA IBC)
23

LSP Focus - Occupancy Use
24

25
LSP Focus - Means of Egress
A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical
and horizontal egress travel from any occupied
portion of a building or structure to a public
way.
The means of egress consists of (3) separate and
distinct parts : the exit access, the exit, and the
exit discharge.

26
EXIT ACCESS
Leads from any occupied portion of a building to an exit.
Exit Access Corridor
EXIT
Separated from other interior spaces of a building or structure by
fire-resistance-rated construction and opening protectives as
required to provide a protected path of egress travel between the
exit access and the exit discharge.
Exit Elements
Exit enclosures : vertical (stairs and/or ramps) and/or horiz (ramps)
Exit passageways
Exterior exit stairs and/or ramps
Exterior exit doors at ground level
Horizontal exits : 1-way or 2-way
EXIT DISCHARGE
Between the termination of an exit and a public way.
SAFE
SAFER
SAFEST

27
EXIT ACCESS EXIT EXIT DISCHARGE
CORRIDOR
Corridor Continuity :
no intervening rooms ?

28
LSP Focus - Fire-Resistive Ratings
Ratings of walls openings of …
Means of Egress
Vertical Exit Enclosures : 2 Hrs
Horizontal Exit Passageways : 2 Hrs
Lobby : 0 Hrs
Corridors : 0 Hrs
Shaft Enclosures Hazardous Spaces
Elevators MEP Shafts : 2 Hrs
Occupancy Spaces
Occupancy Separations : B + A-3 : 1 Hr
Incidental Use Areas : furnace boiler rooms : 1 Hr
Construction Types

29
How it is typically identified …
… and how it should be identified …

30
Question
Why don’t we just label rated walls on life safety
plans with the hourly ratings instead of
differentiating them with descriptions also ?
Answer
Hourly ratings alone do not convey the design
intent to the Design Team, the Contractor, and
the AHJ.

31
How are F-R walls, barriers partitions different?
Definition
What they separate or protect
Building separation, hazardous areas, shafts, corridors, smoke
Materials of wall construction
Noncombustible vs. combustible
Fire resistance ratings
1, 2, 3, or 4 hrs?
Continuity : horizontal vertical
30” beyond roofs vs. top of floor to underside of floor
Openings
Size restrictions (Example : not exceeding 120 sf)
Duct/air transfer
Allowed vs. not allowed
Penetrations Joints

32
LSP Focus - Coordination
LSP’s
Ratings of walls
Rating of openings
A-Sheets
Wall Types
Door Frame Schedules
Sections Details

33
LSP Focus - Coordination
Wall Types - Diagrams

34
Healthcare
Life Safety Plan
Demonstration

AIA Fall Conference - Workshop #2
Developing Life Safety Plans for Healthcare Projects
September 20, 2014
MEDICAL
OFFICE
BUILDING
(EXIST)
HOSPITAL
(EXIST)
Existing Hospital Campus

EMERGENCY
MEDICAL
OFFICE
BUILDING
(EXIST)
CATH
LAB
PACU
PHASE II
PRE-OP
SURGERY
ADMITTING
CENTRAL
STERILE
HOSPITAL
(EXIST)
New Hospital Addition Programming - Block Diagram

B - Business (IBC)

Existing Business (LSC)
MEDICAL
OFFICE
BUILDING
(EXIST)
HOSPITAL
(EXIST)
Occupancy (Existing)
I-2 Hospital (IBC)

Existing Health Care (LSC)

Question : When were the project area's date of construction
(for CMS) and Preliminary Plan approval (for WDH)?
Per CMS's SC-11-05-LSC : Review the date the facility first
applied for admission into the program. The use of the
EXISTING or NEW chapters of the LSC depends on the date
of plan approval or the date of construction (if there is no plan
approval process) for the facility’s building(s). If the facility’s
building plans were approved or a building permit was issued
or construction started after the effective date, (March 13,
2003), of the final regulation, the building or addition must be
surveyed under 2000 NEW LSC. If the facility’s building plans
were approved by a State Agency or building permit issued or
construction started prior to the effective date, (March 13,
2003), of the final regulation, the building must be surveyed
under 2000 EXISTING LSC.

Question : When were the project area's date of construction
(for CMS) and Preliminary Plan approval (for WDH)?
Per CMS's SC-11-05-LSC : Review the date the facility first
applied for admission into the program. The use of the
EXISTING or NEW chapters of the LSC depends on the date
of plan approval or the date of construction (if there is no plan
approval process) for the facility’s building(s). If the facility’s
building plans were approved or a building permit was issued
or construction started after the effective date, (March 13,
2003), of the final regulation, the building or addition must be
surveyed under 2000 NEW LSC. If the facility’s building plans
were approved by a State Agency or building permit issued or
construction started prior to the effective date, (March 13,
2003), of the final regulation, the building must be surveyed
under 2000 EXISTING LSC.
2012
1987
1975
2010
2004
2004 2008

B - Business (IBC)

New Business (LSC)
New Ambulatory (LSC)
I-2 Hospital (IBC)

Existing Health Care (LSC)
New Health Care (LSC)

6.1.141:.1.3* Where incidental to another occupancy, areas
used as follows shall be permitted to be considered part of the
predominant occupancy and shall be subject to the provisions
of the Code that apply to the predominant occupancy:
(1) Mercantile, business, industrial, or storage use
(2) *Nonresidential use with an occupant load fewer than that
established by Section 6.1 for the occupancy threshold
A.6.1.141:.1.3 Examples of uses that might be incidental to another
occupancy include the following:
(1) Newsstand (mercantile) in an office building
(2) Giftshop (mercantile) in a hotel
(3) Small storage area (storage) in any occupancy
(4) Minor office space (business) in any occupancy
(5) Maintenance area (industrial) in any occupancy
A..6.L14.L3(2) Examples of uses that have occupant loads
below the occupancy classification threshold levels include
the following:
(1) Assembly use with fewer than 50 persons within a business
occupancy
(2) Educational use with fewer than 6 persons within an
apartment building.
Occupancy (Existing) Incidental Multiple Occupancies

Existing
Health Care
Ambulatory
New
Business
New
New
Health Care
New
Assembly
I-2 Hospital (IBC)

New Health Care
Occupancy (Existing Addition) Multiple Occupancies

li 8.1.1.4 Additions, Conversions, Modernization, Renovation,
and Construction Operations.
18.1.1.4.1 Additions. Additions shall be separated from any
existing structure not conforming to the provisions within
Chapter 19 by a fire barrier having not less than a 2-hour fire
resistance rating and constructed of materials as required for
the addition. (See 4.6.11 and 4.6.7.)
4.6.7 Building Rehabilitation.
4.6.7.1 Rehabilitation work on existing buildings shall be
classified as one of the following work categories in accordance
with 43.2.2.1:
(1) Repair
(2) Renovation
(3) Modification
(4) Reconstruction
(5) Change of use or occupancy classification
(6) Addition
413.2.2.1.7 Additiol!ll. An increase in the building area, aggregate
floor area, height, or number of stories of a structure.
18.1.2 MUJJJltiple Occupancies.
18.1.2.1 Multiple occupancies shall be in accordance with
6.1.14.
18.1.2.2* Sections of health care facilities shall be permitted to
be classified as other occupancies, provided that they meet all
of the following conditions:
(1) They are not intended to serve health care occupants for
purposes of housing, treatment, or customary access by
patients incapable of self-preservation.
(2) They are separated from areas of health care occupancies
by construction having a fire resistance rating of not less
than 2 hours.
Occupancy (Existing Addition) Separated vs Non-Separated

I-2 Hospital (IBC)

'fable 6.1.14.4.1 (a) Required Separation of Occupancies (houurs)*, Part 1
Occupancy
Assembly
:=; 300
Assembly 300 to
:=;1000
Assembly 1000
Educational
Day-Care
12 Clients
Day-Care Homes
Health Care
Ambulatory
Health Care
Detention
Correctional
One-
Two-Family
Dwellings
Lodging or
Rooming
Houses
Hotels and
Dormitories
Assembly
Assembly 300 to
:=; 300 :=;1000
o
Assembly
1000
o
o
Lodging
Day-Care Ambulatory One- or Hotels
12 Day-Care Health Health Detention Two-Family Rooming
Educational Clients Homes Care Care Correctional Dwellings Houses Dormitories
2 2 2t 2 2t 2 2 2
2 2 2 2t 2 2t 2 2 2
2 2 2 2t 2 2t 2 2 2
2 2 2t 2 2t 2 2 2
1 2t 2 2t 2 2 2
2t 2 2t 2 2 2
2t 2t 2t 2t 2t
2t 2 2 2
2t 2t 2t
Occupancy
Assembly
:=; 300
Assembly 300 to
:=;1000
Assembly 1000
Educational
Day-Care
12 Clients
Day-Care Homes
Health Care
Ambulatory
Health Care
Ambulatory
Health Health
Care Care
2t 2
2t 2
2t 2
2t 2
2t 2
2t 2
2t
• The fire resistance rating is permitted to be reduced by I hour, but in no case to less than I hour, where the building is protected throughout by an approved automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with 9.7.1.1 (I) and supervised in accordance with 9.7.2.
t The I-hour reduction due to the presence of sprinklers in accordance with the asterisk footnote is not permitted.

Occupancy (Existing Addition) Separated Occupancy

MEDICAL
OFFICE
BUILDING
(EXIST)
HOSPITAL
(EXIST)
Means of Egress (Existing)

EXIT ACCESS CORRIDORS
EXIT DISCHARGE
Means of Egress (Existing)

Means of Egress (Existing Addition)

150'-0
122'-5
150'-0
150'-0
150'-0
150'-0
Travel Distances
150'-0
150'-0
116'-4
Ut2.6 Travel lDistam.iCe to JErit§.
18.2.6.1 Travel distance shall be measured in accordance
with Section 7.6.
18.2.6.2 Travel distance shall comply with 18.2.6.2.1 through
18.2.6.2.6.
18.2.6.2.1 The travel distance between any room door required
as an exit access and an exit shall not exceed 150 ft (46 m).
18.2.6.2.2 lReservedl.
18.2.6.2.3 The travel distance between any point in a room
and an exit shall not exceed 200 ft (61 m).
18.2.6.2.4 lReseJrVedl.
18.2.6.2.5 The travel distance between any point in a health
care sleeping room and an exit access door in that room shall
not exceed 50 ft (15 m).

150'-0
150'-0
150'-0
150'-0
150'-0
3.3.70.1* Horizontal Exit. Away of passage from one building
to an area of refuge in another building on approximately
the same level, or a way of passage through or
around a fire barrier to an area of refuge on approximately
the same level in the same building that affords safety from
fire and smoke originating from the area of incidence and
areas communicating therewith.
Horizontal Exits
150'-0
150'-0
7.2.41 lHIorizonmi Exits.
7.2.41.1 Generall.
7.2.4U.1 Where horizontal exits are used in the means of
egress, they shall conform to the general requirements of Section
7.1 and the special requirements of 7.2.4.
7.2.41.1.2* Horizontal exits shall be permitted to be substituted
for other exits where the total egress capacity of the other exits
(stairs, ramps, doors leading outside the building) is not less
than half that required for the entire area of the building or
connected buildings, and provided that none of the other exits
is a horizontal exit, unless otherwise permitted by 7.2.4.1.3.
7.2.4.1.3 The requirement of 7.2.4.1.2 shall not apply to the
following:
(l) Health care occupancies as otherwise provided in Chapter
18 and Chapter 19
18.2.2.5 Horizontal Exits. Horizontal exits complying with
7.2.4 and the modifications of 18.2.2.5.1 through 18.2.2.5.7
shall be permitted.
18.2.2.5.1 Accumulation space shall be provided in accordance
with 18.2.2.5.1.1 and 18.2.2.5.1.2.
18.2.2.5.1.1 Not less than 30 net ft2 (2.8 net m2
) per patient in a
hospital or nursing home, or not less than 15 net ft2 (1.4 net m2)
per resident in a limited care facility, shall be provided within the
aggregated area of corridors, patient rooms, treatment rooms,
lounge or dining areas, and other similar areas on each side of
the horizontal exit.
18.2.2.5.1.2 On stories not housing bed or litterborne patients,
not less than 6 net ft2 (0.56 net m2
) per occupant shall be provided
on each side of the horizontal exit for the total number of
occupants in adjoining compartments.

HORIZONTAL EXIT (2-WAY)
HORIZONTAL EXIT (1-WAY)
Means of Egress (Existing Addition) Horizontal Exits

02
01
04
03
6.1.li4.L2 Where exit access from an occupancy traverses another
occupancy, the multiple occupancy shall be treated as a
mixed occupancy.
Means of Egress (Existing Addition) Exit Access Corridor Review

SC1F
SC1D
SC1B
SC1E
SC1C
SC1Z SC1A
SC1Y
Compartmentalization (Existing) Smoke Compartments (SC Level #)

Compartmentalization (Existing) SC's and Fire Barriers (FB)

Compartmentalization Smoke Compartments

SC1F
SC1D
SC1G
SC1B
SC1E
SC1C
SC1N SC1M
SC1H
SC1K
SC1L
SC1J
SC1Z SC1A
SC1Y
Compartmentalization Smoke Compartments

SC1F
SC1D
SC1G
SC1B
SC1E
SC1C
SC1N SC1M
SC1H
SC1K
SC1L
SC1J
SC1Z SC1A
SC1Y
Compartmentalization Smoke Compartments FINAL

Fire-Resistant Rated Construction Partitions Barriers

Description Fire Walls (FW) : 705 Fire Barriers (FB) : 706 Shaft Enclosures (SE) : 707 Fire Partitions (FP) : 708 Smoke Barriers (SB) : 709 Smoke Partitions (SP) : 710
Building Separation Hazardous Area Separation Shaft Separation Corridor Separation Smoke Separation Smoke Separation
Definition A fire-resistance-rated wall having protected openings, which restricts
the spread of fire and extends continuously from the foundation to or
through the roof, with sufficient structural stability under fire
conditions to allow collapse of construction on either side without
collapse of the wall.
A fire-resistance-rated wall assembly of materials designed to restrict
the spread of fire in which continuity is maintained.
Lacks the inherent structural integrity of FW's.
Cannot terminate at a ceiling.
Can separate building into different fire areas.
The walls or construction forming the boundaries of a shaft (shaft: an
enclosed space extending through one or more stories of a building,
connecting vertical openings in successive floors, or floors and roof.
A vertical assembly of materials designed to restrict the spread of fire
in which openings are protected.
A continuous membrane, either vertical or horizontal, such as a wall,
floor, or ceiling assembly, that is designed and constructed to restrict
the movement of smoke.
A continuous membrane designed and constructed to restrict the
movement of smoke.
General Serve to create separate buildings.
Serve to create separate occupancies.
Provide the same protection as exterior walls.
Party walls: FW on the property line
To be constructed without openings and shall create separate bldgs.
Separate the following spaces:
shaft enclosures (707.4),
exit enclosures (1020.1),
exit passageways (1020.1),
horizontal exits (1022.1),
atriums (404.5),
incidental use areas (508.2),
control areas, hazardous material (414.2.3)
mixed occupancies (508.3.2),
single occupancy fire-areas (Table 706.3.9),
areas of refuge
All vertical shafts:
interior stairways (1005.3.2),
refuse/linen chutes (707.13),
elev/dumbwaiter hoistways (707.14)
Required to separate the following:
dwelling units (310.3),
guestrooms in R-1 (310.3),
tenant spaces in covered malls (402.7.2),
corridor walls (1004.3.2.1.)
Divide buildings into separate smoke compartments.
Where SB are required: 407.4 407.8,
Smoke control system: 909.5,
Accessible M of E: 1003.2.13.5.2
SP are used to prevent smoke passage into corridors in Group I-2.
(407.3)
Sprinklers obviates the need for a fire-rating.
Materials Any approved noncombustible materials Permitted by the bldg type of construction. (602)
Fire-resistance-rated glazing
(Exceptions) Bldgs of Type V construction No
Table 705.4: Shafts connecting (4) stories or more: 2 hrs,
4-hr, 3-hr, 2-hr (minimum) Shafts connecting less than (4) stories: 1 hr,
Type II or Type V Const: 2-hr (minimum) Not less than the floor assembly penetrated but not more than 2
Exterior Walls FW's provide the same level of structural integrity and independence
as an exterior wall.
FW's intersecting exterior walls (less than 180 degress): extend
rating 4'-0 on either side.
Where exterior walls are part of a required rated shaft or exit
enclosure, such walls shall comply with 704 for exterior walls.
(Exceptions) Yes
1 hr, 0.5 hrs, 0 hrs *
*Corridor walls: 1 hr or 0 hrs (1004.3.2.1)
Continuity
Horizontal Extend 18 beyond exterior walls. From outside wall to outside wall Top of foundation or floor below to underside of the floor, roof deck or
ceiling memebrane(constructed to limit smoke passage).
(Exceptions) Yes Yes No
Horiz Projections Extend to outer edge w/in 4' of FW.
(Exceptions) Yes
Vertical Extend 30 above both adjacent roofs. Extend from the top of the floor/ceiling assembly below to the
underside of the floor or roof slab or deck above.
Extend from the top of the floor/ceiling assembly below to the
(Exceptions) Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Any single opng: not exceed 120 sf Any single opng: not exceed 120 sf Section 714 Section 714 Section 714
Aggregate width not exceed 25% of wall length at any (1) floor area Aggregate width not exceed 25% of wall length. Prohibited openings: only those openings required for the purpose of
the shaft.
Openings protective shall have a minimum fire-protection of 20
minutes (0.3 hrs)
(Exceptions) Yes: 120 sf max in full-sprinkled Yes No No Yes
Section 711 Section 711 and 715
Prohibited penetrations: exit enclosures as per 1005.3.4.1 Only necessary penetrations in the SE are permitted. Ducts shall not
penetrate exit shaft enclosures except ones that either ventilates or
pressurizes the SE.
(Exceptions) No No Yes No No
Joints Section 713
Ducts/Air Transfer Opngs Not allowed
(Exceptions) Yes: Section 712 and 716 if FW is not on a lot line
Permitted by the bldg type of construction. (602)
Section 712
Section 711 and 715
Openings
Penetrations Section 712.2 and 712.3 Section 711
0 hrs (not required to have a fire-resistance rating)
Section 711
No
No
Fire-resistance ratings 4 hr, 3 hr, 2 hr, 1 hr 1 hr (fire-resistance rating)

Smoke Barriers (SB) : 709
Smoke Separation
A continuous membrane, either vertical or horizontal, such as a wall,
floor, or ceiling assembly, that is designed and constructed to restrict
the movement of smoke.
Divide buildings into separate smoke compartments.
Where SB are required: 407.4 407.8,
Smoke control system: 909.5,
Accessible M of E: 1003.2.13.5.2

Fire Barriers (FB) : 706
Hazardous Area Separation
A fire-resistance-rated wall assembly of materials designed to restrict
the spread of fire in which continuity is maintained.
Lacks the inherent structural integrity of FW's.
Cannot terminate at a ceiling.
Can separate building into different fire areas.
Separate the following spaces:
shaft enclosures (707.4),
exit enclosures (1020.1),
exit passageways (1020.1),
horizontal exits (1022.1),
atriums (404.5),
incidental use areas (508.2),
control areas, hazardous material (414.2.3)
mixed occupancies (508.3.2),
single occupancy fire-areas (Table 706.3.9),
areas of refuge

Table 18.3.2.1 Hazardous Area Protection
Hazardous Area Description
Boiler and fuel-fired heater rooms
Central/bulk laundries larger than
100 ft2 (9.3 m2
)
Laboratories employing flammable or
combustible materials in quantities
less than those that would be
considered a severe hazard
Laboratories that use hazardous
materials that would be classified as a
severe hazard in accordance with
NFPA 99, Standard for Health Care
Facilities
Paint shops employing hazardous
substances and materials in quantities
less than those that would be classified
as a severe hazard
Physical plant maintenance shops
Soiled linen rooms
Storage rooms larger than 50 ft2
(4.6 m2
) but not exceeding
100 ft2 (9.3 m2
) and storing
combustible material
Storage rooms larger than 100 ft2
(9.3 m2
) and storing combustible
material
Trash collection rooms
Separation/
Protection
1 hour
1 hour
See 18.3.6.3.9.
1 hour
1 hour
1 hour
1 hour
See 18.3.6.3.9.
1 hour
1 hour
A.18.3.6.l(3) A typical nurses' station would normally contain
one or more of the following with associated furniture
and furnishings:
(1) Charting area
(2) Clerical area
(3) Nourishment station
(4) Storage of small amounts of medications, medical equip-ment
and supplies, clerical supplies, and linens
(5) Patient monitoring and communication equipment

Shaft Enclosures (SE) : 707
Shaft Separation
The walls or construction forming the boundaries of a shaft (shaft: an
enclosed space extending through one or more stories of a building,
connecting vertical openings in successive floors, or floors and roof.
All vertical shafts:
interior stairways (1005.3.2),
refuse/linen chutes (707.13),
elev/dumbwaiter hoistways (707.14)

Smoke Partitions (SP) : 710
Smoke Separation
A continuous membrane designed and constructed to restrict the
movement of smoke.
SP are used to prevent smoke passage into corridors in Group I-2.
(407.3)
Sprinklers obviates the need for a fire-rating.

FIRE/SMOKE BARRIER
2-HR FIRE/SMOKE BARRIER
Fire-Resistant Rated Construction Fire/Smoke Barriers

FIRE/SMOKE BARRIER
Fire-Resistant Rated Construction FINAL

EMERGENCY
MEDICAL
OFFICE
BUILDING
(EXIST)
CATH
LAB
PACU
PHASE II
PRE-OP
SURGERY
ADMITTING
CENTRAL
STERILE
HOSPITAL
(EXIST)

Conclusion
1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this Code is to
provide minimum requirements, with due regard
to function, for the design, operation, and
maintenance of buildings and structures for
safety to life from fire. Its provisions will also
aid life safety in similar emergencies.
35

36
Conclusion
Questions ? ? ?
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Concerns ? ? ?
Suggestions ? ? ?

Developing Life Safety Plans for Health Care Facilities

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