This ppt will explain the basic operation, advantages, disadvantages, applications of LED and operation, characteristics and applications of varactor diodes.
this is presentation about light emitting diode. it includes it working, figure and application. also shows the live example of led. it also contains its preference website..
any changes suggested are welcomed..
this is presentation about light emitting diode. it includes it working, figure and application. also shows the live example of led. it also contains its preference website..
any changes suggested are welcomed..
Making a simple variable power supply.
Power supply applications.
Ac and Dc current defintions.
Half wave and full wave rectifier.
Power supply circuit.
Used tools.
Working steps.
Testing.
Enhancement type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, Basic Operation, Drain Characteristics, Transfer Characteristics, Regions of Operation
The term amplifier refers to any device that increases the amplitude of a signal, usually measured in voltage or current. This versatile device is used in a variety of different electronic applications. Especially in audio technology, a wide range of amplifiers can be produced based on product specifications (i.e. power, voltage, current). Currently, there are many types of audio amplifiers available for consumers. Sound signal amplification is used for instruments, such as the guitar or the bass. They are also used commonly in home theater systems and with stereo speakers. The basic design behind all of these amplifiers is derived from the simplest concepts of circuit design.
For our project, we set out to design an audio amplifier. The inputs of our circuit were stereo signals from a portable music player. Although we used a low-power speaker, we needed to achieve approximately three times gain over the entire circuit. In addition, the amplifier had to be produced at a low cost with available materials. Before building the actual amplifier, we realized that we had to design, simulate, and test the circuit. Each step was necessary to understand the concepts involved in amplification
Making a simple variable power supply.
Power supply applications.
Ac and Dc current defintions.
Half wave and full wave rectifier.
Power supply circuit.
Used tools.
Working steps.
Testing.
Enhancement type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, Basic Operation, Drain Characteristics, Transfer Characteristics, Regions of Operation
The term amplifier refers to any device that increases the amplitude of a signal, usually measured in voltage or current. This versatile device is used in a variety of different electronic applications. Especially in audio technology, a wide range of amplifiers can be produced based on product specifications (i.e. power, voltage, current). Currently, there are many types of audio amplifiers available for consumers. Sound signal amplification is used for instruments, such as the guitar or the bass. They are also used commonly in home theater systems and with stereo speakers. The basic design behind all of these amplifiers is derived from the simplest concepts of circuit design.
For our project, we set out to design an audio amplifier. The inputs of our circuit were stereo signals from a portable music player. Although we used a low-power speaker, we needed to achieve approximately three times gain over the entire circuit. In addition, the amplifier had to be produced at a low cost with available materials. Before building the actual amplifier, we realized that we had to design, simulate, and test the circuit. Each step was necessary to understand the concepts involved in amplification
This presentation includes what is street light how it works and what are its components,circuit diagram,Advantages and Disadvantages,Applications and at last conclusion...
LEDs are of interest for fibre optics because of five inherent characteristics..
How it works?
Spectrum of an LED
Modulation of LED
LED Vs. Laser diode
disadvantages of LED
A Measurements Project on Light Detection sensorsvrohith 9
The main aim of this project is to saving system with LDR this is to save the power. We want to save power automatically instead of doing manual. So it’s easy to cost effectiveness. This saved power can be used in some other cases. So in villages, towns etc. we can design intelligent systems for the usage of light or we can also use this to reduce the electricity bill of our home. This project can also be used for security of the houses, banks, etc.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
3. ABOUT LED
LED is an opto-electronic device which emits a narrow
bandwidth of visible or invisible light when its internal diode
junction is stimulated by a forward electric current or
voltage.
LEDs convert electrical energy into light energy.
The material used for LEDs are the direct Band Gap
Semiconductors which are made from group 3rd and group 5th
elements. For eg.- GaAs
4. OPERATION OF LED
The operation of LED is based on the phenomenon
of electro luminance.
The recombination of charge carriers takes place in
a forward p-n junction as the electrons cross from
the n-region and recombine with holes existing in
p-region.
5. ADVANTAGES OF LED
LEDs are small in size and can be used to form
numeric and alpha numeric display in high density
matrix.
LEDs are rugged.
They need moderate power.
High Lighting Efficiency
Long Life
High Reliability & Safety
Environment Friendly
Excellent Colour Rendering
No warm up period
6. DISADVANTAGES
A very limited variety and selection for your home
compared to other types of lighting.
Hard to find in smaller towns where consumers may
have a smaller interest in this lighting alternative.
Significantly more expensive than regular lighting
and not budget conscious.
Although they are available in many colours, the
quality of the colours is not quite as good as with
regular lighting.
9. ABOUT VARACTOR DIODES
A microwave solid-state device.
Also known as a parametric diode, tuning diode or
varicap diodes
A nonlinear device
Provides a voltage-dependent variable capacitance
SYMBOL
10. OPERATION
It has a p-n junction of semiconducting
material and is always reverse biased.
The depletion zone width depends on the
applied voltage and this makes the
capacitance vary with the applied
voltage.
11. CHARACTERISTICS
Low noise
Low cost
High reliability
Light weight
Small size
Increase in reverse bias
of varactor diode increases
the capacitance as shown
in the figure.
12. APPLICATIONS
Variable reactor in microwave circuits.
It can be used for voltage tuning of
LC resonant circuit.
It is used for generation of FM
Waves.
13. CONCLUSIONS
Varactor diodes in reverse bias operates as
variable capacitor as reverse voltage varies, where:
Depletion region : Dielectric (Insulator)
P - N Regions : Plates of capacitor
Width of Depletion region : Distance of separation
