Download the original presentation for animation and clear understanding. This Presentation describes the concepts of Engineering Drawing of VTU Syllabus. However same can also be used for learning drawing concepts. Please write to me for suggestions and criticisms here: hareeshang@gmail.com or visit this website for more details: www.hareeshang.wikifoundry.com.
introduction of engineering graphics ,projection of points,lines,planes,solids,section of solids,development of surfaces,isometric projection,perspective projection
Download the original presentation for animation and clear understanding. This Presentation describes the concepts of Engineering Drawing of VTU Syllabus. However same can also be used for learning drawing concepts. Please write to me for suggestions and criticisms here: hareeshang@gmail.com or visit this website for more details: www.hareeshang.wikifoundry.com.
introduction of engineering graphics ,projection of points,lines,planes,solids,section of solids,development of surfaces,isometric projection,perspective projection
This lecture contains the detail of isometric projections of an object. This will improve your skills to draw isometric views which is the major part of engineering drawings.
This lecture contains the detail of isometric projections of an object. This will improve your skills to draw isometric views which is the major part of engineering drawings.
i have created my own ppt on the topic name Isometric Projection.its a topic which is in engg. graphics book.
plzz download and give reviews abt that ppt.
Isomeric projection has a proper role in Engineering drawing without this the engineering drawing is incomplete.
This Assignment slides are created by Alamdar Naqvi.
Student of BS Electrical Engineering of GC University Faisabad.
Compare the differences and uniqueness between Isometric, Oblique, an.pdfFootageetoffe16
Compare the differences and uniqueness between Isometric, Oblique, and Perspective views.
Please explain why CAD becomes the most important and fundamental tool in modern design
and Manufacturing as well as in product development.
Solution
Isometric views
Oblique views
Perspective views
An isometric view represents an object in three dimensions with exact dimensional
representation.
Here the 3 sides of the object are drawn with all the vertical lines being vertically but all
horizontal lines at 30 degree to the base line (x-axis line)
All the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of
them is 120 degrees
In Isometric drawings, object are drawn with all its 3 planes parallel to projection planes and all
the lines/edges are parallel to its respective foreshortened axes (30 degree axis) and can also be
measured.
All the lines/edges are drawn to the full length scale rather than reducing them to the true
projection length.
Oblique view also represents an object in the 3D format.
But here the objects are drawn with the most distinguishing features facing directly towards the
observer, showing the true shape of these features. E.g. Circular features like round holes are
drawn on this front face as true circles.
Oblique view will always show the object as being perfectly flat with respect to the picture plane
(i.e., that particular face of the object will have only two dimensions from the viewer\'s point of
view).
Oblique view shows one face with distinguishing feature of the object in true shape, but the other
faces with foreshorten depth.
It is quite a simple technique compared to isometric or even perspective drawing as the only the
face with distinguishing feature has to be drawn to the scale.
Perspective views also represent an object in the 3D format with approximate representation.
The lines/edges of an object seem to meet at a point over a distance. This point is called the
vanishing point.
Here the vertical lines remain vertical, horizontal lines remain horizontal but the line that
represents the depth of the object (3rd Dimension lines) are drawn converging on to this
vanishing point.
The depth lines are to be drawn from the vanishing point to the sides of the drawing paper as
guide lines.
Objects in a perspective drawing all the lines/edges are subject to foreshortening. The size of the
object is drawn smaller as their distance from the observer increases. As their distance from the
observer decreases they are drawn larger.
Isometric views
Oblique views
Perspective views
An isometric view represents an object in three dimensions with exact dimensional
representation.
Here the 3 sides of the object are drawn with all the vertical lines being vertically but all
horizontal lines at 30 degree to the base line (x-axis line)
All the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of
them is 120 degrees
In Isometric drawings, object are drawn with all its 3 planes parallel.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
2. Axonometric Projection
Type of axonometric drawing
a
b c2. Dimetric Two angles are equal.
b
a
c3. Trimetric None of angles are
equal.
a
b c
1. Isometric All angles are equal.
A
B
C
DA
B
C
D
Axonometric axis
Axonometric axis
Axonometric axis
4. Isometric means equal
measure.
Three adjacent faces on a cube
will share a single point. The
edges that converge at this
point will appear as 120 degree
angles or 30 degrees from the
horizon line.
These three edges represent
height, width, and depth.
Isometric Pictorials
5. ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS
•The object is held with one vertical edge,
then tilted toward the viewer until the
other horizontal edge are at a 30 degree
angles.
•All three axes are scaled equally at 120
degrees.
•Since all lines are parallel, isometric
drawings can be created quickly.
6. Isometric and Non-isometric lines & planes
In an isometric drawing, true length
distances can only be measured along
isometric lines, that is, lines that run
parallel to any of the isometric axes.
Any line that does not run parallel to
an isometric axis is called a non-
isometric line
Non-isometric lines include inclined
and oblique lines and can not be
measured directly. Instead they must
be created by locating two end points.
7. Isometric Drawing
Isometric drawing is a drawing drawn on an isometric
axes using full scale.
Isometric projection
(True projection)
Isometric drawing
(Full scale)
Forshorten
Full scale
8. Positions of Isometric Axes
Isometric axes can be arbitrarily positioned to create
different views of a single object.
Regular
isometric
Reverse axis
isometric
Long axis
isometric
View point is looking
down on the top of
the object.
View point is looking
up on the bottom of
the object.
View point is looking
from the right (or left)
of the object.
9. The Box Method
The box method is a
technique used in
sketching to maintain
proportionality. It
starts with a sketcher
envisioning an object
contained within an
imaginary box.
10. Good sketching
requires a sense of
proportion, and the
ability to estimate
size, distance,
angles, and other
spatial relationships.
Proportion and Estimation
good sketch
poor sketch
11. 2. Define an isometric axis.
3. Sketching the enclosing box.
4. Estimate the size an and relationship of each
details.
5. Darken all visible lines.
1. Place the object in the position which its shape
and features are clearly seen.
Sketch from an actual object
12. 1. Positioning object.
2. Select isometric axis.
3. Sketch enclosing
box.
4. Add details.
Note In isometric sketch/drawing), hidden lines are omitted
unless they are absolutely necessary to completely
describe the object.
Sketch from an actual object
STEPS
5. Darken visible lines.
13. Front View
Top View
Side View
Example 1 : Object has only normal surfaces
Bottom View
Bottom
Front
Side
Side
Front
Top
Regular
Reverse
W
D
H
H
DW
14. Example 2 : Object has inclined surfaces
W HD
y
x Front View
y
x
Nonisometric line
15. The cube is lifted
and pivots around
point O.
Isometric projections
The cube turns
around point O until
the AB diagonal
becomes horizontal.
O
A
B
16. Isometric projections
This front view shows
the isometric
projection of the cube
in its new position.
True
dimensions
Because the cube is tilted,
most of the dimensions of its
isometric projection are about
80% of their true dimensions.
17. Isometric projections
This front view shows
the isometric
projection of the cube
in its new position.
True
dimensions
Because the cube is tilted,
most of the dimensions of its
isometric projection are about
80% of their true dimensions.
18. Isometric projections
All lines parallel to axes
1, 2 and 3 are isometric
lines.
2 3
1
120º
The isometric lines are
angled at 30º.
The lines not parallel to
axes 1, 2 and 3 are
non-isometric lines.
The sides of the cube and
all planes parallel to them
are isometric planes.
Axes 1, 2 and 3 form
120º angles between
one another.
The projection is isometric
(equal measures) because
the height of axis 1, the
length of axis 2 and the width
of axis 3 are all proportionally
reduced.
Characteristics of isometric projections
19. All lines parallel to axes
1, 2 and 3 are isometric
lines.
2 3
1
120º
The isometric lines are
angled at 30º.
The lines not parallel to
axes 1, 2 and 3 are
non-isometric lines.
The sides of the cube and
all planes parallel to them
are isometric planes.
Axes 1, 2 and 3 form
120º angles between
one another.
The projection is isometric
(equal measures) because
the height of axis 1, the
length of axis 2 and the width
of axis 3 are all proportionally
reduced.
Characteristics of isometric projections
Isometric projections
21. 2020
50
10
8
14
28
35
We will illustrate the main stages of
isometric drawing of the object shown
above in multi-view.
We will use a method called box
construction.
To create the box, use construction lines to
outline an isometric box as large as the
overall object to be drawn.
The vertical axis is equal to the real height.
The two other axes, drawn at 30° to
horizontal, correspond to the actual width
and length of the object.
Isometric drawing
22. 2020
50
10
8
14
28
35
We will illustrate the main stages of
isometric drawing of the object shown
above in multi-view.
We will use a method called box
construction.
To create the box, use construction lines to
outline an isometric box as large as the
overall object to be drawn.
The vertical axis is equal to the real height.
The two other axes, drawn at 30° to
horizontal, correspond to the actual width
and length of the object.
Isometric drawing
23. Isometric drawing
The object is drawn by removing
volumes from the box.
A 30º- 60º set square is used to
trace the isometric lines.
The box is an isometric drawing
as large as the overall object to
be shown. Its lines are drawn
very faintly.
Measurements are reported on
the isometric axes, or on lines
parallel to these axes.
24. Isometric drawing
The object is drawn by removing
volumes from the box.
A 30º- 60º set square is used to
trace the isometric lines.
The box is an isometric drawing
as large as the overall object to
be shown. Its lines are drawn
very faintly.
Measurements are reported on
the isometric axes, or on lines
parallel to these axes.
25. Isometric drawing
STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3
Sketch the box.
STAGES OF DRAWING IN ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE
Measure on the
axes and trace the
details in
construction lines.
Carry out the final
layout.
26. Isometric drawing
STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3
Sketch the box.
STAGES OF DRAWING IN ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE
Measure on the
axes and trace the
details in
construction lines.
Carry out the final
layout.
27. Non-isometric (oblique) lines
and surfaces are not true to
size in isometric perspective.
Isometric drawing
How to draw non-isometric lines and surfaces
Dimensions of inclined lines and
surfaces are determined by using their
coordinates which must be located on
isometric lines.
A
B
D
C
C
D
A
B
28. Isometric drawing
Non-isometric (oblique) lines
and surfaces are not true to
size in isometric perspective.
How to draw non-isometric lines and surfaces
Dimensions of inclined lines and
surfaces are determined by using their
coordinates which must be located on
isometric lines.
A
B
D
C
C
D
A
B
29. Drawing of Circle and Arcs
In isometric drawing, a circle appears as an
ellipse.
2. Construct an isometric square.
3. Sketch arcs that connect the
tangent points.
Sketching Steps
1. Locate the center of an ellipse.
30. Isometric Drawing
Drawing of Circle and Arcs
3. Construct a perpendicular
bisector from each tangent point.
4. Locate the four centers.
5. Draw the arcs with these centers
and tangent to isometric square.
Sketching Steps
Four-center method is usually used when drawn
an isometric ellipse with drawing instrument.
2. Construct an isometric square.
1. Locate the center of an ellipse.
31. References
• Material developed by Project Lead the Way
• akademi.itu.edu.tr/ozkirimmu/DosyaGetir/56755/Chapter%2005%2
0Pictorial%20sketching.ppt
• cdpsciencetechno.org/cdp/UserFiles/File/telechargement/isometric
_drawings.ppt
• www.cs.unca.edu/~bruce/Fall07/179/isometricSketches.ppt
• www.augusta.k12.va.us/cms/lib01/VA01000173/Centricity/ModuleI
nstance/6006/How_to_make_an_Isometric_Drawing.ppt
