This document discusses the history and effects of globalization. It describes globalization as involving three phases: 1) ancient trade links (3200 BC - 1492 AD), 2) colonialism and industrialization (1800-1945), and 3) current economic dominance (1945-present). In India, globalization brought colonial influence, a post-independence identity crisis, and recent economic liberalization. The document argues that globalization introduces new building typologies, materials, and lifestyles, but that architecture also reflects a society's status, self-image, and aspirations in response to these changes.

1. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
History of Architecture-II (AP-313)
Globalization
GLOBALIZATION and INDIA
LECTURE 11
Nipesh P Narayanan
ImageSource:AUTHOR

2. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION WHAT IT MEANS?

3. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A MEDIA SYNONYM FOR -
• Economic liberalization

4. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A MEDIA SYNONYM FOR -
• Economic liberalization
• Growing dominance of the West
– Political
– Economic
– Cultural

5. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A MEDIA SYNONYM FOR -
• Economic liberalization
• Growing dominance of the West
– Political
– Economic
– Cultural
• Proliferation of new information technologies

6. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A MEDIA SYNONYM FOR -
• Economic liberalization
• Growing dominance of the West
– Political
– Economic
– Cultural
• Proliferation of new information technologies
• Global social integration

7. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION SO WHEN DID IT ALL START?

8. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION SO WHEN DID IT ALL START?
• HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION (3200 BC) – Trade links with Persia,
Mesopotamia and Egypt
• SILK ROUTE (206 BC) – Connecting Europe, Persia, India and China
• DISCOVERY OF AMERICA – 1492 AD

9. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I
– Harappan civilization to the discovery of America

10. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I
– Harappan civilization to the discovery of America
• Phase II
– 1800s (Train) to WW II (1940-45)

11. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I
– Harappan civilization to the discovery of America
• Phase II
– 1800s (Train) to WW II (1940-45)
• Phase III
– Post colonial development

12. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I (3200 BC – 1492 AD)
– Trade and exploration
• Exchange of goods (Mutual Partners)

13. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I (3200 BC – 1492 AD)
– Trade and exploration
• Exchange of goods (Mutual Partners)
• Phase II (1800 – 1945)
– Political power for economic dominance

14. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION !
• Phase I (3200 BC – 1492 AD)
– Trade and exploration
• Exchange of goods (Mutual Partners)
• Phase II (1800 – 1945)
– Political power for economic dominance
• Phase III (1945 till date)
– Economic dominance as political power
– New World Order – UN, WB, IMF

15. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION IN INDIA !

16. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION IN INDIA
• Colonial influence and the English Language

17. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION IN INDIA
• Colonial influence and the English Language
• Post independence identity crisis & adoption of modern architecture

18. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
READING THE COURSE OF GLOBALIZATION IN INDIA
• Colonial influence and the English Language
• Post independence identity crisis & adoption of modern architecture
• Economic liberalization
– Foreign investment (1991)
– FDI in retail (2012)

19. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
INTERACTION OF CIVILIZATION
“Buildings are the material manifestations of ways of life, the
clash of cultures and efforts to shape cultures.”
~ Jon Lang, Miki & Madhavi Desai Architecture and Independence

20. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
INTERACTION OF CIVILIZATION
ImageSource:http://kozhikode.nic.in/images/kuttichira_jpg.jpg[Online]
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21. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A CONTEMPORARY PHENOMENON
• Introduction of new typologies
– Malls
– Big offices (MNCs)

22. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A CONTEMPORARY PHENOMENON
• Introduction of new typologies
– Malls
– Big offices (MNCs)
• Introduction of new building materials
– Glass
– ACP

23. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A CONTEMPORARY PHENOMENON
• Introduction of new typologies
– Malls
– Big offices (MNCs)
• Introduction of new building materials
– Glass
– ACP
• Introduction of new life style
– Fast food
– Jeans/ Suits
– Individualism

24. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GLOBALIZATION AS A CONTEMPORARY PHENOMENON
• Introduction of new typologies
• Introduction of new building materials
• Introduction of new life style
NEW
Dominant Western
civilization?
ASPIRATIONAL

25. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
ARCHITECTURE AND GLOBALIZATION
“Architecture reflects the duality of an architect’s and a society’s
status, self-image and, more importantly, aspirations.”
~Architecture and Independence, Jon Lang, Miki & Madhavi Desai

26. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
ARCHITECTURE AND GLOBALIZATION
“Architecture reflects the duality of an architect’s and a society’s
status, self-image and, more importantly, aspirations.”
~Architecture and Independence, Jon Lang, Miki & Madhavi Desai
Status (current situation)
Self – Image
Aspirations

27. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
INTERNATIONAL STYLE AND THE ADVENT OF GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE
ImageSource:http://images.betterworldbooks.com/039/The-International-Style-Hitchcock-9780393315189.jpg.jpg[Online]
International Exhibition of Modern Architecture at MOMA NY 1932

28. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
CHANDIGARH AND THE NEW ARCHITECTURE
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29. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
GURGAON THE MILLENNIUM CITY
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30. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
START ARCHITECT AND THE ICONIC GLOBAL PRODUCT
“Globalised commercial architecture has developed a symbiotic
relationship with a new breed of global star architects. As
cities, more than nations, now compete to attract global
investment and global tourism, they seek brand
differentiation and symbolic modernity”
~ Robert Adam Globalization and Architecture
ImageSource:http://img68.echo.cx/img68/4246/infy12dg5nj.jpg[Online]

31. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
START ARCHITECT AND THE ICONIC GLOBAL PRODUCT
ImageSource:http://www.bdonline.co.uk/Pictures/web/p/v/y/Architect-Hafeezwe_589.jpg[Online]
Bharti Airtel, Gurgaon, Hafeez Contractor

32. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
START ARCHITECT AND THE ICONIC GLOBAL PRODUCT
ImageSource:http://i15.tinypic.com/2cetcms.jpg[Online]
Techno Park, Chennai, Zaha Hadid

33. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Globalization
NEW CITIES IN THE MAKING!
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