This document discusses various learning styles and assessments. It describes the VARK model which focuses on visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic sensory preferences. The Kolb model examines four stages of learning - concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator assesses extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving dimensions. It also briefly mentions Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and provides an example of learning disabilities like dyslexia.

1. Learning Styles
Student Success Center
Gannon University
Fall 2014

2. VARK Learning Style
• How learners prefer to use their
senses (hearing, seeing, writing,
reading and experiencing)
• V - visual
• A - aural
• R – read/write
• K - kinesthetic

3. Complete Learning Styles
Handout

4. Learning style
• Visual – use of sight
– Charts, graphs, rewrite notes, pictures
– Highlight or underline
– Visualize concepts and ideas
• Symbols, charts, graphs
– Picture spelling words
– Test yourself by looking at main ideas
and write the details or answers

5. Learning style
• Auditory – use of hearing
– Sit in the front of class
– Discussion groups – hear ideas and concepts
– Repeats information out loud
– Put notes on tape
– Look at main ideas and repeat back information
– Easily distracted by noise

6. Learning style
• Tactile – use of touch
– Rewrite notes
– Use note cards – organize main ideas
– Study with pen/pencil in hand
– Draw pictures/diagrams
– Organization can be a challenge
• Kinesthetic – use of body – all senses
– Walking around helps in memorizing
– Use real world examples

7. Kolb Inventory
• More complex then the VARK
• Focuses on abilities that need to be
developed to learn
• Based on four stages of learning

8. Kolb
• Effective learners need four kinds of
abilities
– Concrete experiences
– Reflective observation
– Abstract conceptualization
– Active experimentation

9. Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator
• Investigates characteristics and how
those are related to human
interaction and learning
• Looking at psychological development
• No good/bad or right/wrong

10. MBTI
Extraversion vs.
Introversion
• Extraversion
– Outgoing, talkative, take action
– Energized by people
• Introversion
– Reflect, think a lot, good listeners
– Refreshed by quiet and privacy

11. MBTI
Sensing vs. Intuition
• How one perceives the work
• Sensing – 5 senses
– Like the facts, traditional, do right
thing
• Intuition
– Fascinated by what facts mean
– Look more into future, original, creative,
non traditional

12. MBTI
Thinking vs. Feeling
• Thinking
– Logical, rational, analytical
– Objective, can seem cold or impersonal
• Feeling
– Warm, empathetic, kind
– Wants others to be happy

13. MBTI
Judging vs. Perceiving
• Judging
– Planned, orderly, punctual
– Quick decisions, judgmental
• Perceiving
– Adapt to the world
– Flexible, slower decision making, juggling
too much

14. Multiple Intelligences
• Dr. Howard Gardner
– Eight different types of learning
– P.81

15. Learning Disabilities
• Ex. Dyslexia or ADD
• Affects people’s ability to interpret
what they see and hear or to link
information across different parts of
the brain
• Can impede learning to read, write or
do math