Learning involves acquiring or modifying knowledge, behaviors, skills, or preferences through experience. It can occur consciously or unconsciously and results in relatively permanent changes. Key factors that influence learning include intellectual, environmental, physical, emotional, media, and relationship factors. There are different types of learning including remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The four pillars of learning are learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, and learning to be. Transfer of learning occurs when learning in one situation impacts performance in another situation, which can be positive, negative, or neutral.

1. ANANTHI.MM B.Sc., B.Ed.,
ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY
KARAIKUDI

2. LEARNING
WHAT IS LEARNING
 Learning is the act of acquiring new or modifying
existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or
preferences and may involve synthesizing different types
of information.
 It is relative permanent change in behavior or mental
state based on experience.
 Learning may occur consciously or unconsciously.
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3. DEFENITION
Learning is defined as “ detection and
correction of error”. where an error means,
“any mismatch between our intensions and
what actually happens
-Chris Argyris
Learning is the modification of behavior
through experience.
-Gatee
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4. NATURE AND CHARACTESTIC OF
LEARNING
• Learning is the change of behavior.
• Learning is a continuous life long process.
• Learning is a universal process.
• Learning is purposive and goal directed.
• Learning is transferable from one situation
to another.
• Learning helps in attainment of teaching.
• Learning helps in the proper growth and
development.
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5. • Learning helps in the realization of goals of
life.
• Learning involves reconstruction of experience.
• Learning does not necessarily imply
improvement.
• Leaning helps the proper adjustment.
• Leaning helps in the balanced development of
the personality.
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6. FACTOR INFLUENCING LEARNING
1.Intellectual factor
2.Environmental factor
3.Physical factor
4.Emotional factor
5.Media influence
6.Relationship with teachers, parents and peers
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7. Intellectual factor
Environmental factor
Interest, attitude, aptitude are also
important in the field of learning.
They play a vital role in the
mental and general behavior of
the individual. These things are
increase the rate of learning
We need to have the proper
environmental conditions in order to
learn. The classroom must be
conductive to good learning. The
texts, equipment and school supplies
must be of a good quality so that the
student can learn as easily as possible
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8. Physical factor
Emotional factor
This includes things such as our
overall health, nutrition, physical
deficiencies and physical
development. If we are in poor
health we wont be able to learn the
things presented.
Things like social factors and
emotional can relate directly to
your motivation for learning. If
you cooperate with other you will
learn faster and will have more
fun in learning new things.
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9. The printed non printed
medias are involved in a
learning factor. It is economic
and traditional method that
can be the learner leant but the
both good and bad things are
in the system.
Media influence
Relationship with teacher
Each teacher has his/her own
personality that can be strongly
affect the individual's learning
environment. The success or
failure of the students can be
depend on the teachers
personality.
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11. Remember
The learners are able to recall a wide range of previously learned material
from specific facts to complete theories. But, this level merely requires
brining to mind the appropriate information. Sample verbs include: label,
list, choose, read, recall, record, relate, review, select, write.
Understand
Learner demonstrate their understanding of material by explaining ideas or
concepts or interpreting and translating what has been learned. Sample verbs
include: define, describe discuss, explain, classify, translate.
Apply
Learner apply the knowledge by using it in another familiar situation from
the one in which it was learned. The application may includes: rules,
methods, concepts, principles, laws. verbs: adopt, apply, change, compute.
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12. Analyzing
Learners analysis when they break information into part to explore
understanding and relationships in an attempt to indentify evidence for a
conclusion. verbs: analyze, deduce, compare, differentiate, calculate.
Evaluating
Learners evaluate when they use in-depth reflection, critics, and assessment
to justify a decision or course of action. verbs: determine, evaluate, measure,
judge, justify, validate.
Create
Learners create when they generate new ideas products of ways of
viewing things. Verbs: assemble, construct, create, generate, plan,
prepare, produce.
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14.  Simple to complex
 Action to representation
 Near to far
 Whole to part
 Definite to indefinite
 Concrete to abstract
 Analysis to synthesis
 Empirical to rational
 Psychological to logical
 Particular to general
 Known to unknown
 Induction to deduction
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15. Pillars of learning
The four pillars of education all started with the report entitled
“learning the treasure within” of the international commission of
education for the twenty first century. It was published by the
UNESCO.
The report itself provides new insights into education for the 21st
centaury. It stresses that each individual must be equipped to seize
learning opportunities throughout life, broaden one’s knowledge,
skills and attitudes, and adapt to a changing, complex, and
interdependent world.
The argued, tends to the detriment of other that are essential to
sustaining human development.
There are four pillars of learning is learning to know, learning to do,
learning to together, learning to be.
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16. Learning to know: by combining
a sufficiently broad general
knowledge with the opportunity to
work in depth on a small number of
subjects. This also means learning
to learn, so as to benefit from the
opportunities education provides
throughout life.
Learning to do: In order to acquire not
only an occupational skill but also move
broadly, the competence to deal with
many situations and work teams. It also
means leaning to do in the conduct of
young people “various social and work
experiences which may be informal, as
a result of the local or national conduct,
formal involving courses alternating
study and work.
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17. Learning to live together: by developing
an understanding of other people and
an appreciation of interdependence –
caring out joint project and leaning to
manage conflicts in a sprit of respect
for the values of pluralism mutual
understand and peace
Learning to be: so as better to
develop one’s personality and be
able to act with ever greater
autonomy, judgment and personal
responsibilities . in that connection,
education must not disregard any
aspect of a persons potential :
memory, reasoning, aesthetic
senses, physical capacities and
communication skills. TCP PRESENTO-2020

18. Transfer of learning
Definition
“ Transfer of learning occurs when a person's learning in
one situation influence his learning performance in other
situation” - B.L.Bigge (1964)
“Transfer of learning means that experience and
performance on one task influences performance of some
sequent task” - H.C.Ellis (1965)
“Transfer of learning is the effect of some particular
course on learning or execution of a performance such effect
may be of a helpful nature or it may hinder”- K.Lovell (1970)
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19. Types of transfer of learning
There are three types of transfer of learning
positive transfer
Negative transfer
Zero or neutral transfer
Positive transfer
It refers to the transfer of previously learned knowledge
skill or experience to a new learning situation in a positive way
Ex: skill in a ridding bicycle help to ride a motor bike
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20. Negative transfer:
It refers to the transfer of hindrance of previously
leaned knowledge skill or experience to a new learning
situation.
Ex: mother language hinders a foreign language
hinders
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21. When learning of one activity neither facilitates nor
hinders of another task.
Ex : learning to dance neither help nor hinders cooking skill.
Zero transfer:
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22. References:
1. https://www.slideshare.net/drjayeshpatidar/learning-
44340878
2. https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/learning/7-important-
factors-that-may-affect-the-learning-process/6064
3. https://facultyedsolutions.org/the-six-levels-of-learning/
4. https://steemit.com/steemiteducation/@mayann/what-
are-the-four-pillars-of-learning
5. http://collections.infocollections.org/ukedu/en/d/Jh1767
e/3.1.html
6. www.bud.ac.in
7. https://www.psychologydiscussion.net/essays/essay-
transfer-of-learning-types-and-
theories/594https://www.slideshare.net/SandySharma1
5/learning-ppt-60625995
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