L6 Vert Struc Pt 4
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1) The document traces the progression of structural systems in skyscrapers from curtain walls to framed tubes to 3D megastructures. 2) It discusses examples such as the Seagram Building, Brunswick Building, and Hancock Tower that demonstrated this evolution. 3) Later projects like the Bank of China integrated structural and spatial aspects, challenging the traditional floor plate model with more continuous 3D structural forms.
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This document provides a case study on the Pragati Towers project in Mumbai, India, which consisted of 11 high-rise residential buildings constructed using precast concrete systems. Some key points:
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- Innovative connection designs were implemented to allow for prefabricated construction while ensuring equivalent seismic performance to cast-in-place designs. This included emulative horizontal and vertical joint connections between precast wall panels.
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Pre enginnered buildings master-builder_july08, pp.48-62
This document discusses the selection of framing systems and roof/wall materials for pre-engineered industrial buildings. It describes two main framing systems - braced frames and unbraced frames. Unbraced portal frames are now more commonly used as they provide large column-free spaces and are simpler and more economical. Portal frames typically have spans of 30-40m and use tapered columns and rafters. Roof bracing and wall bracing are needed to resist loads perpendicular to the frame. The document provides details on frame configurations, connections, and considerations in choosing framing and cladding materials.
Case study on steel structure Shrikant
This document provides a summary of steel structures, including:
- Steel structures are made of structural steel components connected to carry loads and provide rigidity. Common elements include I-beams, channels, angles, and plates.
- Steel structures offer benefits like cost savings, design flexibility, efficient construction, and durability in harsh conditions.
- Different types of steel structures include braced frames, rigid frames, shear walls, and trusses.
- Case studies highlight the Hearst Tower in New York, the Gherkin building in London, and the LIC Jeewan Bharti building in India, all of which utilize innovative steel designs like diagrids and space frames.
Parametric Study of Double Layer Steel Dome with Reference to Span to Height ...
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Optimum design of double layer dome of span to height ratio 2 and different supporting conditions(all bottom nodes supported, alternate bottom nodes supported and two alternate bottom nodes supported) for a given span is carried out. The formex programming software is used for configurations of double layer dome. The hollow circular pipe sections are used to construct the double layer dome and for connection, the MERO joint is used. Basically the dome have large exposed area so the wind force are predominant, hence the domes are analyze and design for wind forces. For optimum design of the structure, it is analyzed by using the software “SAP-2000-14”. In the analytical part, forces in the top layer are considered in groups and separate section will be designed for each group, the design will be based on IS800:2007. Similar procedure will be adopted for bracing system and bottom layer. The results are compared with different span to height ratios and support conditions for the deflection, weight of structure and concrete for pedestal, to determine optimum configuration by overall. The domes of span 75m with span to height ratio 2 as well as different support condition are designed for wind load. The members of dome are designed for axial tension and compression in such a way to get optimum weight of member.
ACE special structures
for the subject offered in GTU, ACE
special structures
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L6 Vert Struc Pt 4
- 1. arc5410 Advanced Structure and Construction
- 2. 3.0 Vertical Structural Systems Pt. 4
- 4. Bank of the Southwest Helmut Jahn and Wm LeMessurier Houston, Texas 1982 Comparison of types of building structures based on the bending rigidity index (BRI). See Ch.2 Tower and Office p.80
- 18. M.L.C. Center Harry Seidler / P. L. Nervi Sydney, Aus. 1978
- 21. Dharmala Headquarters Paul Rudolph Jakarta, Indonesia 1982
- 23. Atlanta Marriot Marquis Hotel John Portman Atlanta, GA ca. 1977
- 25. Petronas Towers Cesar Pelli / Thornton-Tomasetti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1997
- 26. Structure of the Petronas Tower has an outer ring of 16 cylindrical r/c columns of high strength concrete (up to Grade 80). Charles Thornton, structural engineer, refers to it as a “soft tube”. In-situ concrete construction was chosen because of local practice and because of the stiffness against wind sway provided by concrete. The tower resists lateral forces with both a perimeter “tube” of columns and an inner r/c core.
- 33. Mega or Super frame concept Commerzbank Norman Foster Associates
- 43. Johnson Wax Headquarters Tower Charter Bank
- 45. PSFS Tower First Wisconsin Center
- 46. Standard Bank of Johannesburg, South Africa 1970 Example of tall building with a core tree structure: floors are suspended from cantilevered arms in groups of ten floors.
- 47. Overseas Chinese Banking Corporation Centre I. M. Pei Singapore 1976 Example of a multi-tier compression frame transfer structure.
- 49. Grovesnor Place Sydney Luk Yeung Sun Chuen Estate Hong Kong
- 54. Note the middle upper chord of the trusses in the photograph (not shown in the drawing at left). This upper truss chord is omitted on the exterior trusses because the floors are set back from the plane of the truss. On the interior trusses it supports floor framing.
- 56. The important “butterfly” connections at the middle of the lower chords of the trusses. The ‘butterfly’ joint contains three single pin connections each requiring a tolerance of 0.3mm. This causes the collar to fit ‘tight as a glove’ around the inserted pins.
- 58. Large X-bracing at the truss levels provide lateral stiffness to the building in the north-south direction (perpendicular to the façade).
- 64. Envelope details
- 68. Raised floor. The HSBC Building had the first raised floor used in a commercial building. The floor system was developed by Foster Associates working with special contractors in the aircraft industry. The size of the panel (1200mm x 1200mm) is determined by maintenance requirements (weight limit for two men to lift) and stiffness.
- 73. Two views of the central atrium which “replaces” the memorable main banking hall of the former bank building. Public entry to the hall (and the building) is provided by the angled escalators (feng shui inspired) that pierce the suspended glass enclosure (the former vaulted ceiling turned upside down) bringing visitors to the double height main bank floor.