Shell structure, In building construction, a thin, curved plate structure shaped to transmit applied forces by compressive, tensile, and shear stresses that act in the plane of the surface.
Shell structure, In building construction, a thin, curved plate structure shaped to transmit applied forces by compressive, tensile, and shear stresses that act in the plane of the surface.
a space frame or space structure is a rigid, lightweight, truss-like structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used to span large areas with few interior support
Study of Folded Plates for understanding their use, types, technology along with suitable case studies. This is a specific type of Methodology adopted for construction over long spans column free spaces. How structurally Folded plates surpases the need of column grids and conventional methods of construction with the proper design and technology is the motive of this study.
The bundled tube structure meant that "buildings no longer need be boxlike in appearance: they could become sculpture." Hybrids. Hybrids include a varied category of structures where the basic concept of tube is used, and supplemented by other structural support(s).
framed tube structure
structure tube furniture
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interesting civil engineering topics
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A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
A short and elaborate Case Study on High Rise Buildings for the course of Advanced Building Construction from students of 8th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (January- April 2017)
This presentation is an attempt of a comprehensive study about Gridshell Structures.To understand the structure and it's principles we are going to take a look at it's definition. advantages, form development,materials, construction process and joint connections
In order to gain a better understanding of the structure, existing Gridshells have been analysed and studied in depth. Structures Analysed are The Savill Building, Mannheim Multihalle and Centre Pompidou Metz.
a space frame or space structure is a rigid, lightweight, truss-like structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used to span large areas with few interior support
Study of Folded Plates for understanding their use, types, technology along with suitable case studies. This is a specific type of Methodology adopted for construction over long spans column free spaces. How structurally Folded plates surpases the need of column grids and conventional methods of construction with the proper design and technology is the motive of this study.
The bundled tube structure meant that "buildings no longer need be boxlike in appearance: they could become sculpture." Hybrids. Hybrids include a varied category of structures where the basic concept of tube is used, and supplemented by other structural support(s).
framed tube structure
structure tube furniture
structure tube canada
tube structural system
tube structure design
tube frame building kits
tube structure buildings
tube framed buildings
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
seminar topics pdf
best seminar topics for civil engineering
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2019
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
mechanical engineering seminar topics 2018
A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
A short and elaborate Case Study on High Rise Buildings for the course of Advanced Building Construction from students of 8th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (January- April 2017)
This presentation is an attempt of a comprehensive study about Gridshell Structures.To understand the structure and it's principles we are going to take a look at it's definition. advantages, form development,materials, construction process and joint connections
In order to gain a better understanding of the structure, existing Gridshells have been analysed and studied in depth. Structures Analysed are The Savill Building, Mannheim Multihalle and Centre Pompidou Metz.
A Review on Thin-shell Structures: Advances and TrendsA Makwana
This paper provides a review of research advances and trends in the area of thin shell structures. The art of building thin-shell structures has been with us since ancient times. In practical civil engineering, the necessity of covering large column free open areas with shell surfaces is often an issue. Over the course of time, this shell form became very popular to engineers due to a number of advantages it offers, and started drawing the attention of a number of researchers. A thin shell is a term not in itself as readily understandable by the layman as the terms dome or vault would be. It is in a sense a word coined on the basis of its structural connotations, as exhibited in the artifacts it creates. There are many interesting aspects of the use of shells in engineering, but one alone stands out as being of paramount importance: it is the structural aspect. At the beginning of this century, under the influence of the art movement and the dominance of industrialized building materials, any remnants of curvilinear architecture were mercilessly banished. Within that period avant-garde art emphatically proclaimed a total repudiation of the traditions and classical revivals that in architecture were symbolized mostly by arches and vaults. Ready-to-use rectilinear steel beams and columns and easy-to build rectilinear concrete forms struck a lethal blow to the curvilinear approach in architecture. Rectilinearity became synonymous with rationality, while curvilinearity came to symbolize decadence. Remember, for instance, the negative stigma given to the baroque for its assumed pomposity in glorifying curves. In practical terms such an attitude in design is clearly manifested in the present cityscapes that are totally free of arches, domes, shells, and any other form that is not rectilinear. With today‟s almost unlimited computer technology and the knowledge that can be gained from understanding the domes and vaults built both in the past and present, it is hoped that this research work on the review aspects of curvilinear forms will contribute to further exploration and encourage the application of thin shells by the engineers and architects to whom it is addressed. Masonry domes, concrete shells, and large steel contemporary domes are presented in historical terms as case studies and in conceptual terms from the architectural and structural point of view.
Shells - Theory and Design of Plates and ShellsAshishVivekSukh
A shell is a thin curved surface Thickness of which is small compared to the radius and other two dimensions Shell are used for roofing large column free areas
Reinforced concrete special moment frames • are used as part of seismic force-resisting systems in buildings that are designed to resist earthquakes. • Beams, columns, and beam-column joints in moment frames are prop... more abstract
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
3. SURFACE ACTIVE
tending to reduce the surface
tension of a liquid in which it is
dissolved.
OR
Altering the properties and especially
lowering the tension at the
surface of contact between phases.
Reference-https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/surface-active
SURFACE TENSION
The tension of the surface film of a liquid
caused by the attraction of the particles in
the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid,
which tends to minimize surface
area.
6. 1. STRUCTURAL PLATES ARE FLAT PLANAR GIRDERS WHICH CONTRARY TO THE SLAB ARE
STRESSED BY LOADS PARALLEL TO GIRDER SURFACE
2. WALL GIRDERS LIKEWISE REFFERED TO AS STRUCTURAL PLATES DUE TO THEIR SHAPE
WITH IT MEASURING HALF OF THEIR SPAN, BEHAVES LIKE A BEAM,THEY ARE NOT
PLATES IN STRUCTURAL SENSE.
STRUCTURAL PLATES AND WALL GIRDER
11. Structural Behavior of Folding
At first, the external forces are
transferred to the shorter edge
of one folding element.
There, the reaction as an axial
force is divided between the
adjacent elements.
Then the forces transferred to
the bearings.
13. Types of Folded Structure
Classification of folded structures based
on the material they are made of:
Folded structures made of reinforced concrete
Metal folded structures
Folded structures of wood
Folded structures of glass
Folded structures of plastic materials
Folded constructions made in combination
of different materials
21. Advantages and Disadvantages of Folded-Plate Structure
ADVANTAGES
Very light form of construction. To span 30 m shell
thickness required is 60 mm only.
The use of concrete as a building material reduces
both materials cost and a construction cost.
Longer span can be provided.
Esthetically it looks good over other forms of
construction.
22. Shuttering is difficult.
Greater accuracy in formwork is
required.
Good labor and supervision necessary.
Rise of roof may be a disadvantage.
Disadvantages
24. »LATTICE AND PORTAL FRAME BUILDINGS CONSIST OF A STRUCTURAL FRAME WHICH
SUPPORTS SLAB, ROOF AND WALL COVERING. THIS FRAME SERVES PURELY AS THE
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT AND PROVIDES PROTECTION AGAINST WEATHER. THE ROOF AND
WALL COVERING ADD NOTHING TO THE STRENGTH THE RIGIDITY OF STRUCTURAL FRAME.
»
»A SHELL STRUCTURE IS A THIN CURVED MEMBRANE OR SLAB USUALLY OF REINFORCED
CONCRETE THAT FUNCTIONS BOTH AS STRUCTURAL SUPPORT AND COVERING.
»THE TERM “SHELL” IS USED TO DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURES WHICH POSSESS STRENGHT
AND RIGIDITY DUE TO ITS THIN, NATURAL AND CURVED FORM SUCH AS SHELL OF EGG, A
NUT, HUMAN SKULL, AND SHELL OF TORTISE.
INTRODUCTION
25.
26. SINGLE OR DOUBLE CURVATURE
SHELLS
SINGLE CURVATURE SHELL:
ARE CURVED ON ONE LINEAR AXIS AND ARE A PART OF A CYLINDER OR CONE IN THE FORM OF BARREL
VAULTS AND CONOID SHELLS.
27. DOUBLE CURVATURE SHELL:
ARE EITHER PART OF A SPHERE, OR A HYPERBOLOID OF REVOLUTION.
THE TERMS SINGLE CURVATURE AND DOUBLE CURVATURE DO NOT PROVIDE A PRECISE GEMOETRIC
DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE FORM OF SHELL BECAUSE A BARREL VAULT IS SINGLE CURVATURE BUT SO IS A
DOME.
THE TERMS SINGLE AND DOULBE CURVATURE ARE USED TO DISTINGUISH THE COMPARITIVE RIGIDITY OF
THE TWO FORMS AND COMPLEXITY OF CENTRING NECESSARY TO CONSTRUCT THE SHELL FORM.
28. FORMS OF CURVATURE
1- Surface of Revolution
2-Surface of Translation
3-Ruled Surfaces
29. 1- Surface of Revolution
SURFACES OF REVOLUTION ARE GENERATED BY THE
REVOLUTION OF A PLANE CURVE, CALLED THE MERIDIONAL
CURVE,
ABOUT AN AXIS, CALLED THE AXIS OF REVOLUTION.
IN THE SPECIAL CASE OF CYLINDRICAL AND CONICAL SURFACES,
THE MERIDIONAL CURVE CONSISTS OF A LINE SEGMENT.
E.G. : CYLINDERS, CONES,
SPHERICAL OR ELLIPTICAL DOMES,
HYPERBOLOIDS OF REVOLUTION, TOROIDS.
31. 2-Surface of Translation
(A) ELLIPTIC PARABOLOID (B) CYLINDRICAL PARABOLOID (C) HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID
SURFACES OF TRANSLATION ARE GENERATED BY
SLIDING A PLANE CURVE ALONG ANOTHER PLANE
CURVE, WHILE
KEEPING THE ORIENTATION OF THE SLIDING CURVE
CONSTANT.
ORIGINAL CURVE SLIDES, IS CALLED THE
GENERATOR OF THE SURFACE
IN THE SPECIAL CASE IN WHICH THE
GENERATOR IS A STRAIGHT LINE, THE
RESULTING SURFACE IS CALLED A
CYLINDRICAL SURFACE.
32. IF TWO PARABOLAS ARE SIMILAR, THE SURFACE
BECOMES A SURFACE OF REVOLUTION, CALLED
PARABOLOID OF REVOLUTION.
33. 3-Ruled Surfaces
RULED SURFACES ARE GENERATED BY SLIDING EACH END OF A STRAIGHT
LINE ON THEIR OWN GENERATING CURVE.
THESE LINES ARE NOT NECESSARILY AT RIGHT ANGLE TO THE PLANES
CONTAINING THE END CURVES.
36. DEVELOPABLE SURFACES
(SINGLY CURVED)
DEVELOPABLE SURFACE IS A SURFACE THAT
CAN BE UNROLLED ONTO A FLAT PLANE
WITHOUT TEARING OR STRETCHING
IT.
SHORT BARREL STRUCTURAL
BEHAVIOUR
LONG BARREL STRUCTURAL
BEHAVIOUR
37. NON-DEVELOPABLE SURFACES
(DOUBLY CURVED)
SYNCLASTIC SHELLS:
THESE SHELLS ARE DOUBLY
CURVED AND HAVE A SIMILAR
CURVATURE IN EACH DIRECTION.
E.G. DOMES
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR :
SIMILAR TO ARCHES UNDER A UNIFORM LOADING THE DOME IS UNDER
COMPRESSION EVERYWHERE, AND THE STRESSES ACT ALONG THE ARCH
AND HOOP LINES.
43. TENSION TIE
WHENEVER THE SHELLS ARE SUPPORTED
VERTICALLY AT THEIR EDGES, A TENSION TIE
IS REQUIRED AROUND THE PERIMETER AT THE
INTERSECTION OF THE DOME AND THE WALL.
44. THE THRUSTS ARE TAKEN BY
SHEAR FORCES THROUGH
THE WIDTH OF THE SHELL,
AND ONLY TENSION FORCES
EXIST IN THE TIE.
45.
46.
47.
48. MOST SUITABLE MATERIAL
THE MATERIAL MOST SUITED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SHELL STRUCTURE IS CONCRETE
BECAUSE IT IS A HIGHLY PLASTIC MATERIAL WHEN FIRST MIXED WITH WATER THAT
CAN TAKE UP ANY SHAPE ON CENTERING OR INSIDE FORMWORK. SMALL SECTIONS OF
REINFORCING BARS CAN READILY BE BENT TO FOLLOW THE CURVATURE OF SHELLS.
ONCE THE CEMENT HAS SET AND THE CONCERETE HAS HARDENED THE R.C.C
MEMBRANE OR SLAB ACTS AS A STRONG, RIGID SHELL WHICH SERVES AS BOTH
STRUCTURE AND COVERING TO THE BUILDING.