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Report on High Rise buildings.
This document provides information about the core of a high-rise building. It defines a core as a vertical space used for circulation and services like elevators, staircases, and mechanical systems. Cores allow efficient distribution of these services to floors. The document discusses different core types and considerations for placement of mechanical and plumbing systems, as well as toilet access. Elevator types, sizes, and fire safety standards are also outlined.
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Report on High Rise buildings.
- 2. • EVOLUTION • CORE •ELEVATOR • ESCALATOR • STRUCTURE • LOAD • WIND • PARKING • HVAC SYSTEM • FIRE DETECTION AND BNBC • BNBC • CASE STUDY I. ATLAS RANKS PLAZA II. BCIC BHABAN III. SHAGHAI TOWER IV. PETRONUS TOWER CONTENT
- 4. CORE LandmarkTower,Yokohama IBM Headquarters,Tokyo Mitsui MarineInsurance, Nagoya A CORE IS A VERTICAL SPACE USED FOR CIRCULATION AND SERVICES. IT MAY ALSO BE REFERRED TO AS A CIRCULATION CORE OR SERVICE CORE. A CORE ALLOWS PEOPLE TO MOVE BETWEEN THE FLOORS OF A BUILDING, AND DISTRIBUTES SERVICES EFFICIENTLY TO THE FLOORS. THE PLACEMENT OF THE SERVICES CORE STEMS FROM FOUR GENERIC TYPES Contains: • ELEVATOR SHAFTS • ELEVATOR Lobbies • STAIRCASES • FIRE PROTECTED LOBBIES • TOILETS • ANCILLARY ROOMS eg. PANTRY,SPACE FOR CLEANING MATERIAL • RISER DUCTS • M&E SERVICES PLANT • WALLS CORE
- 5. CORE HIGHEST COOLING LOAD LOWESTCOOLING LOAD TENANT DISTRIBUTION CORE TRANSITION DESIGN SYSTEM SHOULD AVOID THE HIGHEST COOLING LOAD Slender ratio for tower maximum is 1:10 or 1:12
- 6. CORE M & ESERVICES THE SERVICE CORE PROVIDES MEANS OF ACCOMODATING VERTICAL M&E SERVICES RUNS, SUCH AS • DUCT RISERS • MECHANICAL PIPE RISES • HYDRAULIC STACKS • ELECTRICAL AND COMMUNICATIONS CABLING • AIR HANDLING UNIT (A.H.U) TOILETS IN THE EVENT OF SINGLE OCCUPANCY OF THE FLOOR PLATE ENTRY TO THE TOILETS MIGHT BE ORGANISED SO THAT USERS ARE ABLE TO ACCESS THEM WITHOUT GOING THROUGH THE ELEVATOR LOBBY CORE TO GLASS DEPTH AND ITS EFFICIENCY
- 7. CORE ELEVATOR CAR ARRANGEM ENT: Major Types of elevator Definitionadvantage disadvantage a. Hydraulic elevator: 1.powered elevator 2.energy is applied by a liquid under pressure in a cylinder equipped with a plunger or piston. 1. efficient, safer, and friendlier to the environment. 2. Does not require brakes, 3. Can use very small motor to pump fluid . 4. Very powerful 1. if there is a catastrophic oil line failure (it has happened) the elevator will drop uncontrolled 2. limited to about 6 or 7 floors max. b. Electric elevator: 1.energy is applied by electric driving machine . 2.used in tall buildings 1.Electric elevators consume less energy than hydraulic elevators. 2.no. of floors are not limited Failure of electricity creates panic . •Capsule lift: similar to electric elevator. Machine room is not essential largest version of electric elevator. TYPOLOGY Hydraulic elevator Electric elevator Capsule lift
- 8. Capacity (lb) Passe ngers Width, w Depth , D Clear width .w’ Clear depth , D’ Doors clear openings ,o Over head Max.rise 1500 10 5’-0” 4’-6” 6’-8” 4’-11” 2’-8” 10’-9” 29’ 2000 13 6’-4” 4’-5” 7’-8” 4’-10” 3’-0” 11’-0” 41’ 2500 16 7’-0” 5’-0” 8’-4” 5’-5” 3’-6” 11’-3” 42’ 3000 20 7’-0” 5’-6” 8’-4” 5’-11” 3’-6” 11’-3” 42’ 3500 23 7’-0” 6’-2” 8’-4” 6’-7” 3’-6” 11’-3” 42’ 4000 26 8’-0” 6’-2” 9’-4” 6’-7” 4’-0” 11’-3” 42’ Height of call button= .8-1.2m According to BNBC= 3.12’- 3.9’ 3.125’- 3.9’ZZZ ELEVATOR STANDARDS Firefighter elevators Are used for fire safety •1.10m wide by 1.40m deep with the door entry at least 800mm wide •minimum loading capacity is regulated at 630kg. help firefighters to get to the fire and to permit people evacuation elevator landing must be min. 5m² wide for a gurney to be brought out of the elevator. Freight elevator Is designed to carry goods. capable of carrying heavier loads than a passenger elevator, generally from 2,300 to 4,500 kg. required to display a written notice in the car that the passengers are prohibited. The number of LIFT PxtxHC 300x100xqN= Lobby depth
- 9. ESCALATOR • Speed isusually 90 or 120 fpm • Standard widths are 32 to 48 in. between handrails. • A 32-in. escalator operating at 90 fpm can transport between 5000 and 8000 persons per hour. • A 48-in. escalator operating at 120 fpm can transport as many as 10000 persons per hour. • The maximum angle of inclination of an escalator to the horizontal floor level is 30 degrees with a standard rise up to about 60 feet (18 m). STANDARDS FOR ESCALATOR • Top and Bottom Landing Platforms • The Tracks • The Steps • The Handrail • Anti-slide devices • Complete impact switches • Deflector brush • Emergency Stop button • Extended balustrades • Flat steps • Handrail inlet switches COMPONENTS OF ESCALATOR TYPES OF ARRNGEMENT: • PARRALLAL • CRISSCROSS
- 28. GENERATOR GENERATOR ROOM WATER PUMP PLACEFOR AC EQUIPMENT
- 29. WATER PUMP 10th FLOOR NORTHSIDE VIEW FROM 1Oth FLOOR COLUMN SIZE
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- 31. LIFT LOBBY STAIR MATERIAL FIREALARM & CCTV
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- 37. SOLAR PANEL RESERVED SPACEFOR CAFETERIA
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- 43. CASE STUDY SCULPTED FOREFFICIENCY The wind tunnel test is used to find the most beneficial scaling factor of about 55% and rotation at 120°, which is account for the 24% savings of the wind load working on the structure. TECHNICAL INNOVATION The concrete core acts with outriggers and super columns are the advances science of super-high rises. VERTICAL COMMUNITY Shanghai tower embodies a new concept of super-tall building by emphasizing public spaces at the atrium levels. SUSTAINABLE ACIEVEMENTS There are two lays of skin wrapping the entire building. The atriums created by the skins features as an insulation which keep the temperature stable. General information Status: Topped-out Location: Lujiazui, Pudong,Shanghai Architectural: 632 m (2,073 ft) FIRM: Gensler Architect: Marshal Strabala, Jun Zia and Aurthur Gensler Floor count: 121 Floor area: 380,000 m2 (4,090,300 sf ) above SHA NGHA I TO WER CASE STUDY
- 44. CASE STUDY SHANGHAI TOWERPLANDETAIL TWO STOERY OUTRIGGER TRUSS ONE STORY RADIAL TRUUS CORE WALL DIAGONAL CORNER COLUMN SUPER COLUMN BELT TRUSS BUILDING SYSTEM MAIN STRUCTURE INNER CYLINDICAL TOWER • CORE • OUTRIGGERS • MEGA FRAME: SUPER COLUMN SYSTEM AND BELT TRUSS
- 45. SHA NGHA ITO WER CASE STUDY CORE ZONE 1 AND BASEMENT CORE CASE STUDY SHA NGHA I TO WER CAR ARRANGEMENT
- 46. SHANGHAI TOWER CASE STUDYSTRUCTURALFEATURE Outrigger Double stories In the steel section of the super columns, there are perpendicular cross ribs that align with belt trusses Radical Outrigger One story Inner Cylindrical TowerMEGA FRAME Super column System: two at each end of each orthonormal axis four diagonal super columns along each 45-degree axis SECTION OF THE SUPER COLUMN 1-6 ZONE 7-8 ZONE Type A: The Joint of Outrigger to Super-column CONNECTION DESCRIPTION • Complexity of stress state. • Connections should be broken after the destructiveness of members • Different connections have different design criteria, according to the variation of structure members. TECHNICAL FEATURES • The chords of outrigger truss • Gusset plates, 120mm thickness, Q390GJC steel • The steel reinforced dual web of the super-column • The belts trusses Type B: The Long Bolt Joint of the Belt Truss Technical Feactures • Since there exist large member force of the chords in the belt trusses, there are large quantity of the bolts, and super length of the bolts set.
- 47. CASE STUDY CASE STUDY SHANGHA I TO WER Tower Top • Vertical fin-like truss • Two-way truss • Octagonal steel frame bracing system The tuned mass damper Type C: The Detail of Interior Curtain Wall Type D: The Detail of Exterior Curtain Wall LOADING ANALYSIS GRAVITY LOAD TRANSFER PATH THE MEGA FRAME 50% TUBE OF COLUMN 50% STRUCTURE COMPONENT SHEAR FORCE OVERTURNING MOMENT THE MEGA FRAME 47% 76% TUBE OF COLUMN 53% 24% LATERAL LOAD TRANSFER Multi-frame Analysis Building resist to Lateral loads through 3 layers of structure, they transfer wind and seismic load one by one, from inside to outside. The Supper core is the first layer of Resistance. The double belt truss and super column are the second layer of Resistance. The outriggers and radial trusses are the third layer. SHEAR MOMENT TENSION DEFLECTION
- 48. CASE STUDY SHA NGHAI TO WER P H O T O GALLERY T H A N K Y O U
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