Biodeversity

1. Konsep Dasar dan Kepentingan
adanya Keanekaragaman Hayati
Muslimin Ibrahim

2. DIAGRAM KELINCI

3. Fibonacci
Sequence
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 56, ….
The ratio of any two consecutive Fibonacci terms (largest
divided by smaller) is approximately 1.6
Try: 34/21
144/89
1597/987

4. Rectangle Pageant
C
A
B D

5. • Is there anything
mathematically definitive
about F when used in
geometry? You bet there is.
• A rectangle whose sides are
in the golden ratio is
referred to as a golden
rectangle.
• When a golden rectangle is
squared, the remaining area
forms another golden
rectangle!

7. The Fibonacci Numbers in Nature
~ Fibonacci spiral found in both snail and sea shells

8. The Fibonacci Numbers in Nature
Continued
Lilies and irises = 3 petals
Black-eyed Susan’s = 21 petalsCorn marigolds = 13 petals
Buttercups and wild roses = 5 petals

9. The Fibonacci Numbers in Nature
Continued
~ The Fibonacci numbers can be found in pineapples and bananas
~ Bananas have 3 or 5 flat sides
~ Pineapple scales have Fibonacci spirals in sets of 8, 13, 21

20. • How about your body?
• You have NO IDEA how
many segments of the
human body are related
in size to each other by
F!

21. • The human arm:
• The human finger:

22. Kepentingan dibalik Studi
Keanekaragaman dan Kesehatan
Lingkungan (Efek Kehilangan
Keanekaragaman hayati

23. • Perburuan komersil dan pencurian.
• Ketidak seimbangan ekologi
• Berkurangnya sumber makanan, struktur material
obata, dan sumber genetik
• Degradasi ekosistem.
• Hilangnya habitat.
• Beberapa isu penyakit yang dipengaruh oleh
hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati
– Kemanan nutrisi, diet
– Penyakit infeksi,
– Sumber-sumber obat herbal,
– Kesehatan sosial dan kejiwaan

24. Konsep Keanekaragaman Hayati (Biodiversity)
• Kata “biodiversity” merupakan kependekan dari
Biological Diversity”. Bio (=lhidup)+diversity(=
Beranekaragam) yaitu keseluruhan gen, spesies, dan
ekosistem . Keanekaragaman mengandung pengertian
Kekayaan dan variasi kehidupan dari gen, spesies dan
ekosistem.
• Keanekaragaman hayati suatu tempat adalah
keberadaan jenis makhluk hidup per luas daerah
tertentu Hal ini menunjukkan pada total makhluk
hidup yang mendiami daerah itu bumi dan statusnya
seperti perbedaan sistem dan struktur kehidupan di
alam
• Setiap tahun kita merayakan hari Keanekaragaman
hayati Dunia tanggal 22 Mei

25. • Tipe Keanekaragaman Hayati :
• Keragaman ekosistem:
– Perbedasan habitat, niche, interaksi spesies
– Keragaman ekosistem didefinisikan sebagai variasi
tumbuhan dan hewan yang dijumpai di dalam
ekosistem berbeda
– Umumnya ada dua tipe ekosistem: Perairan dan
daratan.
– Nepal memiliki semua jenis ekosistem kecvuali
Laut dan Padang Pasir
– Indonesia memiliki “semua” macam ekosistem

26. • Tipe Keanekaragaman Hayati :
• Keragaman Jenis (spesies):
– Perbedaan jenis organisme, hubungan antar jenis.
– Keanekaragaman jenis didefinisikan sebagai
variasi jenis tumbuhan dan hewan yang dijumpai
terdapat di dalam habitat. Sebagai contoh Jenis-
jenis burung, amfibi, reprila dan sebagainya
– Keragaman spesies yang dijumpai di bumi kita ini
telah bertambah sejak kehidupan mulai ada lebih
600 juta tahun yang lalu

27. • Tipe Keanekaragaman Hayati :
• Keragaman Genetik:
– Perbedaan gen dan kombinasi gen di dalam populasi
– Keragaman gen adalah variasi gen yang terdapat di
dalam inti sel makhluk hidup. Sebagai contoh :
Kuncing, Macan, Macan tutul, berbeda satu sama lain
karena adanya variasi genetik
– Keragaman genetik muncul sebagai akibat sejumlah
besar kombinasi yang mungkin di dalam gen kita
sehingga memberikan kita karakteristik yang khas.
– Viriabilitas genetik ini sangat p[enting artinya di dalam
kesehatan reproduksi suatu populasi jenis makluk
hidup

28. • Keuntungan Keanekaragaman Hayati :
• Improvement in breed
• Tourism development
• Economic development
• Natural Beauty and Scenes
• Agricultural Production
• Conservation of soil
• Environment balance
• Conservation of Watershed
• Animal Product
• Plant/Vegetative Products
• Ecological functions
•

29. Improvement in breed
• The wild gene materials can be used to
increase the power of resistance, age and
producing capacity of the local species like
animals, birds and other vegetation's.
• But the research and investigation is required
to produce the better quality of hybrids

30. Tourism development
Indoneisa is really very beautiful country in the
world. It various types of the cultural, social
natural monuments of Indonesia are inviting
and welcoming the tourists. It may be the
destination point for the international tourists
who like fun and adventure with the research
and observation the nature

31. Economic development
The biodiversity provides the basic and raw
materials for human life and industries as well.
So, it is the source for life supporting goods such
as food, cloth, shelter, medicine, entertainment
etc.
Therefore, the biodiversity should be conserved
and promoted for the development of the
economic sector of the country

32. Natural Beauty and Scenes
The biodiversity has made the environment
beautiful and romantic. There are found many
species of the animal and plants with the
different colors, size, shape, nature, favorability
and reactions. Beside, nature itself is a source of
pleasure having valuable natural scene

33. Agricultural product
The crops like paddy, wheat, maize, barley etc
are the main foods of people. The source of
these food is the agricultural biodiversity. In the
ancient time, people brought the useful crops
from the forest and cultivated to produce food
for them.
Then, they selected best seeds to get high yield.
This process contributed in the development of
best agricultural crops, which are the source of
food for people

34. Conservation of soil
The varieties of the plants along with the trees
capture the soil and prevent it from erosion .
The soil is the source for the production of the
foods for animals and human kinds.

35. Environment balance
The biodiversity helps for the environmental
balance. The environment is the combination of
the natural, biological, social, economic and
physical aspects . The biological aspects is one of
the important aspects of the environment which
has made the environment sustainable

36. Conservation of Watershed
The plants and vegetation help to conserve the
source of water and watershed. The plants
absorb water which helps to keep greenery of
the land. The plants and vegetation reduce the
evaporation process , due to which the water
gets collected under the soil

37. Animal Products
The biodiversity helps to fulfill the various needs
of the people from the animals. The different
parts of the animals can be used for the various
purposes. The products like wool, milk, meat,
labor and raw materials from the animals satisfy
the people with fun and adventure.

38. Plant/Vegetative Production
The biodiversity also provides the various
vegetative products like flowers, fruits, timber,
raw material, colors, paper, medicine, herbs,
textile, furniture and other necessary goods .
These products also fulfill the needs and wants
of the people .

39. Ecological functions
The biodiversity plays a vital role in the
ecological functions. It is very important to
maintain food chain and various other natural
processes . It maintains the climate, regulates
and supplies water and increases the fertility of
the soil. It also decomposes the waste materials

40. Ecological functions
The biodiversity plays a vital role in the
ecological functions. It is very important to
maintain food chain and various other natural
processes . It maintains the climate, regulates
and supplies water and increases the fertility of
the soil. It also decomposes the waste materials

41. Conservative Measures of Biodiversity :
Conservative measures of biodiversity Provision
of laws Public awareness Program conduction
Preservation of national resource Pollution
control People’s participation