The document describes Anupam Bhowmick's summer training report at Arvind Limited in their Knits Finishing Division. It discusses the various processes involved in knit fabric finishing like slitting, drying, heat setting, compacting and different types of finishing. It also outlines the objectives of the training program, provides acknowledgements, and details the various machines used and defects observed in the knit fabrics.
This document summarizes an experiment calculating the production capacity of a circular knitting machine. It provides equations for calculating the total fabric length, width, and production capacity based on machine parameters like diameter, gauge, speed, and fabric properties like weight and construction. When the equations are applied to a machine with a 23" diameter, 24 gauge, 35 RPM speed, and producing a 160 gsm plain single jersey fabric, the results show a production capacity of 63 meters of fabric per hour that is 1.33 meters wide, for a total production of 13.4 kg per hour or 107.2 kg per shift.
The document discusses pigment printing, which is a type of textile printing where insoluble pigments are fixed to fabric using a binder. Pigment printing pastes contain thickening agents, binders, and other auxiliaries. It is the most economical printing process as it does not require washing after printing. Screen printing and roller printing are common methods used to apply pigment pastes to fabric in defined patterns.
1. The winch dyeing machine dyes fabrics like wool and silk through a process where fabric ropes are circulated through a dye bath and around a winch or reels.
2. It has a front compartment where dyestuffs and auxiliaries are added to the main dyeing chamber gradually.
3. The fabric ropes are immersed in the dye bath and circulated through the dye bath and around the winch, with the dyestuffs being dosed manually or automatically.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Denim washing is a finishing process that adds value and creates special appearances. There are chemical and mechanical washing methods. Chemical methods include enzyme washing, acid washing, and bleaching which use chemicals like enzymes and acids to break down indigo dye for color effects. Mechanical methods like stone washing use abrasive materials like pumice stones to create worn effects. Other techniques are sand blasting, whiskering, and laser treatments. Process parameters like chemical concentration, stone quantity, and treatment time affect the results. Washing adds value but also has costs for chemicals, machinery, and labor.
Mercerization is a treatment of cotton yarn or fabric with a strong caustic soda solution that improves several qualities of the cotton. It increases luster and dye affinity, improves strength and stability, and results in smoother, rounder fibers. The process involves immersing cotton in a high concentration sodium hydroxide solution under tension control and then washing to neutralize the fabric. This summarizes the key points about mercerization from the provided document.
The document provides an overview of the total textile finishing process. It discusses various finishing machines and their functions, including squeezers, slitting machines, stenter machines, tube compactors, open width compactors, and raising machines. It also covers different types of finishing processes like softening, stiffening, antimicrobial finishing, UV protection, fireproofing, and nano-finishing. The document includes machine parameters, process flow charts, and development points for quality control.
This document summarizes an experiment calculating the production capacity of a circular knitting machine. It provides equations for calculating the total fabric length, width, and production capacity based on machine parameters like diameter, gauge, speed, and fabric properties like weight and construction. When the equations are applied to a machine with a 23" diameter, 24 gauge, 35 RPM speed, and producing a 160 gsm plain single jersey fabric, the results show a production capacity of 63 meters of fabric per hour that is 1.33 meters wide, for a total production of 13.4 kg per hour or 107.2 kg per shift.
The document discusses pigment printing, which is a type of textile printing where insoluble pigments are fixed to fabric using a binder. Pigment printing pastes contain thickening agents, binders, and other auxiliaries. It is the most economical printing process as it does not require washing after printing. Screen printing and roller printing are common methods used to apply pigment pastes to fabric in defined patterns.
1. The winch dyeing machine dyes fabrics like wool and silk through a process where fabric ropes are circulated through a dye bath and around a winch or reels.
2. It has a front compartment where dyestuffs and auxiliaries are added to the main dyeing chamber gradually.
3. The fabric ropes are immersed in the dye bath and circulated through the dye bath and around the winch, with the dyestuffs being dosed manually or automatically.
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Denim washing is a finishing process that adds value and creates special appearances. There are chemical and mechanical washing methods. Chemical methods include enzyme washing, acid washing, and bleaching which use chemicals like enzymes and acids to break down indigo dye for color effects. Mechanical methods like stone washing use abrasive materials like pumice stones to create worn effects. Other techniques are sand blasting, whiskering, and laser treatments. Process parameters like chemical concentration, stone quantity, and treatment time affect the results. Washing adds value but also has costs for chemicals, machinery, and labor.
Mercerization is a treatment of cotton yarn or fabric with a strong caustic soda solution that improves several qualities of the cotton. It increases luster and dye affinity, improves strength and stability, and results in smoother, rounder fibers. The process involves immersing cotton in a high concentration sodium hydroxide solution under tension control and then washing to neutralize the fabric. This summarizes the key points about mercerization from the provided document.
The document provides an overview of the total textile finishing process. It discusses various finishing machines and their functions, including squeezers, slitting machines, stenter machines, tube compactors, open width compactors, and raising machines. It also covers different types of finishing processes like softening, stiffening, antimicrobial finishing, UV protection, fireproofing, and nano-finishing. The document includes machine parameters, process flow charts, and development points for quality control.
This document discusses continuous dyeing machines. It begins by defining dyeing as imparting color to textiles and describing continuous dyeing as a process where textiles are fed continuously through different stages. There are three main types of continuous dyeing machines: 1) pad-steam processes which involve padding, steaming, and washing; 2) pad-dry processes involving padding, drying, and washing; and 3) thermosol processes using high temperatures around 180-220°C to dye with disperse dyes. Common manufacturers of continuous dyeing machines include Benninger and Shanghai Singularity machines. In conclusion, continuous dyeing machines can efficiently dye textiles at high speeds between 50 to 250 meters per minute and account for around
1. The document provides an overview of topics a textile engineer needs to be familiar with, including textile fibers, yarn making, dye types and processes, wet processing ingredients, and fabric properties.
2. It defines key terms like fiber, yarn count systems, GSM measurement, types of dyes and their applications, and discusses processes like spinning, weaving, knitting and dyeing.
3. Common tests for fiber identification and properties of different fibers are also summarized.
This document contains information about Mazadul Hasan Sheshir, including his name, student ID, batch, department, email, and blog. It also contains summaries and diagrams of different types of dyeing machines used in textile processing, including jigger, jet, beam, and winch dyeing machines. Diagrams show the dyeing process and internal workings of soft flow jet, beam, and winch dyeing machines. Pad printing and different pad processes are also summarized.
1. The document describes an experiment to determine the cotton yarn strength and cotton yarn strength product (CSP) using a lea strength tester.
2. The lea strength tester measures the force required to break a 120-yard cotton yarn sample, and the CSP is calculated as the product of the yarn strength in pounds and the yarn count.
3. Twenty cotton yarn samples were tested, with the average CSP found to be 2397.16 and a CV% of 4.16%, indicating the yarn has good strength above the standard of 2200.
DEFINITION: Pigment is a substrate in a particulate form which is insoluble in water but which can be dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light scattering properties. They are organic or inorganic coloring materials. They have no affinity to textile materials. They are fixed on the textile material with the help of binding agent in form a thin invisible coating.
This document provides production parameters and quality control procedures for dyeing and finishing a knit fabric. It includes details on:
- Special instructions for fabric properties like shrinkage, color fastness, and pH levels.
- Dyeing parameters like temperature, pH, time, and liquor ratios for different dyeing processes.
- Quality assurance system to check fabric properties before and after processing.
- Calculations related to dyeing capacity and chemical requirements.
- Finishing target details to control fabric quality like shade, GSM, shrinkage and spirality.
This document summarizes various dyeing machines and methods used in the textile industry. It describes exhaust dyeing machines that circulate dye liquor to fully saturate fibers, including winch, jet, and jig dyeing machines. It also discusses continuous dyeing processes that sequentially impregnate, fix, and rinse fabrics on a continuous basis. A wide range of dyeing machines are covered, from hank and package dyeers for yarn to beam, kier, and carpet dyeing machines.
This document provides calculations and formulas related to yarn count, twist, winding, warping, sizing, weaving, and yarn quality parameters. It discusses three systems for calculating yarn count: indirect, direct, and universal. It also covers formulas for twist per inch, multi-filament yarns, winding calculations, warping calculations, sizing calculations, weaving calculations, and parameters for assessing yarn appearance, unevenness, linear density, and single thread strength.
This document provides information about various finishing machines used after fabric production. It describes the slitting machine, which opens tubular fabric into open width. It also describes the squeezing machine, which extracts water from dyed fabric. Finally, it outlines the stenter machine, dryer machine, and hot air circulation systems, which apply heat to dry fabrics and set chemicals. The main purpose of these machines is to finish fabrics by opening, squeezing, drying, and setting them for further processing or end use.
This document provides information about garment washing technology. It discusses the objectives of garment washing such as developing softness and introducing fading effects. It describes different types of garment washing processes including normal wash, bleach wash, and enzyme wash. It lists washing chemicals used and provides pictures of washing machinery. It also includes the advantages of garment washing and price lists for different washing services.
Industrial Garments Washing is one of the major important parts for Textile sector. By industrial garments washing we can remove dust, dirt and infections material. For improving special look on garments as per fashion requirement. Garment washing is normally done after stitching. According to fashion trend and customer demand buyers ask for garment washing. For the washing apparel buyers mention exactly what types of washing they need for the order.
Washing is the process & technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfort ability and fashion of the garments is called garment washing.
The document provides information about an industrial attachment at Meghna Knit Composite Ltd's dyeing and finishing section. It includes details about the company background, buyers, physical infrastructure, management systems, processes in batching, dyeing lab, dyeing section, finishing section, quality assurance, and conclusions. Key processes discussed are batching, dyeing, quality testing procedures for colorfastness, dimensional stability, and machines used for dyeing and finishing. Requirements from major buyers like Next, H&M, Marks & Spencer are also summarized.
Machinery for textile preparation can be classified as batch, semi-continuous, or continuous. Batch machines are used for fibers, yarns, and fabrics/garments. Common batch machines include kiers for scouring cotton ropes, jiggers for pre-treating open-width fabrics, and winches for processing delicate fabrics with low tension. Semi-continuous and continuous machines like padding mangles and J-boxes allow for larger fabric volumes to be processed. These pass fabric continuously through stages for chemical application, dwell time, and rinsing. Mercerization swells cotton fibers in a caustic soda solution to improve luster, strength, and dye uptake.
The document discusses jet dyeing machines and soft flow dyeing machines. It notes that jet dyeing machines were developed in the 1970s to overcome problems with winch machines. Jet dyeing machines transport fabric through a closed tube using a jet of dye liquor, creating turbulence to aid dye penetration without the fabric touching tube walls. Soft flow dyeing machines continuously circulate both dye bath and fabric throughout processing to reduce time and water usage compared to conventional batch dyeing.
Denim washing process and value addition by different processsajib chakma
This document discusses denim washing processes. It begins by defining denim and providing background on its history and uses. The document then outlines different types of denim washes including rinse wash, enzyme wash, stone wash, acid wash, and random bleach wash. It provides details on the recipe and process for random bleach washing. The document also lists chemicals commonly used in denim washing and characteristics of denim fabric. Finally, it identifies types of machinery employed in denim washing plants such as washing machines, dryers, grinding machines, and tagging machines.
Major Formula on Garments for BeginnersShabuz Biplob
This article has been written for the beginners of garment / buying house. It will ask you question, prepare you for calculation & will give you solution. There are thousands of questions, I've given few answers. There are so many ways & formula to perform a task here. Through day by day practices, you will find the easiest way for you to do your job well.
Lab dip is a process by which buyers supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage in the laboratory with or without help of “DATA COLOR”
Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching & and detaching the characteristics of the dyes and chemicals are to be used in the large scale of production. So this is an important task before bulk production.
The document summarizes an internship report submitted by Rohit Singh to Ashok Pandey at Alps Industries Limited from June 11 to July 10, 2018. It includes acknowledgements, details about the company history and various departments, and a description of the processing, dyeing, and finishing departments. The key departments discussed are processing (singeing, RFD), dyeing (jigger, jet, soft flow machines), and finishing (mechanical and other processes like hot melt).
This document provides information about the author's summer training at AYM Syntex Ltd in Palghar, Mumbai. It includes:
1) An acknowledgement thanking the institute and company for providing training opportunities and support.
2) A profile of AYM Syntex Ltd describing it as a leading manufacturer of specialty synthetic yarns established in 1985.
3) Details of the company's production processes including texturizing, twisting, dyeing, and applications of their yarns.
4) An overview of the dyeing process and equipment used including dyeing machines, hydro extractors, and fastness testing procedures.
This document discusses continuous dyeing machines. It begins by defining dyeing as imparting color to textiles and describing continuous dyeing as a process where textiles are fed continuously through different stages. There are three main types of continuous dyeing machines: 1) pad-steam processes which involve padding, steaming, and washing; 2) pad-dry processes involving padding, drying, and washing; and 3) thermosol processes using high temperatures around 180-220°C to dye with disperse dyes. Common manufacturers of continuous dyeing machines include Benninger and Shanghai Singularity machines. In conclusion, continuous dyeing machines can efficiently dye textiles at high speeds between 50 to 250 meters per minute and account for around
1. The document provides an overview of topics a textile engineer needs to be familiar with, including textile fibers, yarn making, dye types and processes, wet processing ingredients, and fabric properties.
2. It defines key terms like fiber, yarn count systems, GSM measurement, types of dyes and their applications, and discusses processes like spinning, weaving, knitting and dyeing.
3. Common tests for fiber identification and properties of different fibers are also summarized.
This document contains information about Mazadul Hasan Sheshir, including his name, student ID, batch, department, email, and blog. It also contains summaries and diagrams of different types of dyeing machines used in textile processing, including jigger, jet, beam, and winch dyeing machines. Diagrams show the dyeing process and internal workings of soft flow jet, beam, and winch dyeing machines. Pad printing and different pad processes are also summarized.
1. The document describes an experiment to determine the cotton yarn strength and cotton yarn strength product (CSP) using a lea strength tester.
2. The lea strength tester measures the force required to break a 120-yard cotton yarn sample, and the CSP is calculated as the product of the yarn strength in pounds and the yarn count.
3. Twenty cotton yarn samples were tested, with the average CSP found to be 2397.16 and a CV% of 4.16%, indicating the yarn has good strength above the standard of 2200.
DEFINITION: Pigment is a substrate in a particulate form which is insoluble in water but which can be dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light scattering properties. They are organic or inorganic coloring materials. They have no affinity to textile materials. They are fixed on the textile material with the help of binding agent in form a thin invisible coating.
This document provides production parameters and quality control procedures for dyeing and finishing a knit fabric. It includes details on:
- Special instructions for fabric properties like shrinkage, color fastness, and pH levels.
- Dyeing parameters like temperature, pH, time, and liquor ratios for different dyeing processes.
- Quality assurance system to check fabric properties before and after processing.
- Calculations related to dyeing capacity and chemical requirements.
- Finishing target details to control fabric quality like shade, GSM, shrinkage and spirality.
This document summarizes various dyeing machines and methods used in the textile industry. It describes exhaust dyeing machines that circulate dye liquor to fully saturate fibers, including winch, jet, and jig dyeing machines. It also discusses continuous dyeing processes that sequentially impregnate, fix, and rinse fabrics on a continuous basis. A wide range of dyeing machines are covered, from hank and package dyeers for yarn to beam, kier, and carpet dyeing machines.
This document provides calculations and formulas related to yarn count, twist, winding, warping, sizing, weaving, and yarn quality parameters. It discusses three systems for calculating yarn count: indirect, direct, and universal. It also covers formulas for twist per inch, multi-filament yarns, winding calculations, warping calculations, sizing calculations, weaving calculations, and parameters for assessing yarn appearance, unevenness, linear density, and single thread strength.
This document provides information about various finishing machines used after fabric production. It describes the slitting machine, which opens tubular fabric into open width. It also describes the squeezing machine, which extracts water from dyed fabric. Finally, it outlines the stenter machine, dryer machine, and hot air circulation systems, which apply heat to dry fabrics and set chemicals. The main purpose of these machines is to finish fabrics by opening, squeezing, drying, and setting them for further processing or end use.
This document provides information about garment washing technology. It discusses the objectives of garment washing such as developing softness and introducing fading effects. It describes different types of garment washing processes including normal wash, bleach wash, and enzyme wash. It lists washing chemicals used and provides pictures of washing machinery. It also includes the advantages of garment washing and price lists for different washing services.
Industrial Garments Washing is one of the major important parts for Textile sector. By industrial garments washing we can remove dust, dirt and infections material. For improving special look on garments as per fashion requirement. Garment washing is normally done after stitching. According to fashion trend and customer demand buyers ask for garment washing. For the washing apparel buyers mention exactly what types of washing they need for the order.
Washing is the process & technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfort ability and fashion of the garments is called garment washing.
The document provides information about an industrial attachment at Meghna Knit Composite Ltd's dyeing and finishing section. It includes details about the company background, buyers, physical infrastructure, management systems, processes in batching, dyeing lab, dyeing section, finishing section, quality assurance, and conclusions. Key processes discussed are batching, dyeing, quality testing procedures for colorfastness, dimensional stability, and machines used for dyeing and finishing. Requirements from major buyers like Next, H&M, Marks & Spencer are also summarized.
Machinery for textile preparation can be classified as batch, semi-continuous, or continuous. Batch machines are used for fibers, yarns, and fabrics/garments. Common batch machines include kiers for scouring cotton ropes, jiggers for pre-treating open-width fabrics, and winches for processing delicate fabrics with low tension. Semi-continuous and continuous machines like padding mangles and J-boxes allow for larger fabric volumes to be processed. These pass fabric continuously through stages for chemical application, dwell time, and rinsing. Mercerization swells cotton fibers in a caustic soda solution to improve luster, strength, and dye uptake.
The document discusses jet dyeing machines and soft flow dyeing machines. It notes that jet dyeing machines were developed in the 1970s to overcome problems with winch machines. Jet dyeing machines transport fabric through a closed tube using a jet of dye liquor, creating turbulence to aid dye penetration without the fabric touching tube walls. Soft flow dyeing machines continuously circulate both dye bath and fabric throughout processing to reduce time and water usage compared to conventional batch dyeing.
Denim washing process and value addition by different processsajib chakma
This document discusses denim washing processes. It begins by defining denim and providing background on its history and uses. The document then outlines different types of denim washes including rinse wash, enzyme wash, stone wash, acid wash, and random bleach wash. It provides details on the recipe and process for random bleach washing. The document also lists chemicals commonly used in denim washing and characteristics of denim fabric. Finally, it identifies types of machinery employed in denim washing plants such as washing machines, dryers, grinding machines, and tagging machines.
Major Formula on Garments for BeginnersShabuz Biplob
This article has been written for the beginners of garment / buying house. It will ask you question, prepare you for calculation & will give you solution. There are thousands of questions, I've given few answers. There are so many ways & formula to perform a task here. Through day by day practices, you will find the easiest way for you to do your job well.
Lab dip is a process by which buyers supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage in the laboratory with or without help of “DATA COLOR”
Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching & and detaching the characteristics of the dyes and chemicals are to be used in the large scale of production. So this is an important task before bulk production.
The document summarizes an internship report submitted by Rohit Singh to Ashok Pandey at Alps Industries Limited from June 11 to July 10, 2018. It includes acknowledgements, details about the company history and various departments, and a description of the processing, dyeing, and finishing departments. The key departments discussed are processing (singeing, RFD), dyeing (jigger, jet, soft flow machines), and finishing (mechanical and other processes like hot melt).
This document provides information about the author's summer training at AYM Syntex Ltd in Palghar, Mumbai. It includes:
1) An acknowledgement thanking the institute and company for providing training opportunities and support.
2) A profile of AYM Syntex Ltd describing it as a leading manufacturer of specialty synthetic yarns established in 1985.
3) Details of the company's production processes including texturizing, twisting, dyeing, and applications of their yarns.
4) An overview of the dyeing process and equipment used including dyeing machines, hydro extractors, and fastness testing procedures.
This document provides information about the author's summer training at AYM Syntex Ltd in Palghar, Mumbai. It includes:
1) An acknowledgement thanking the institute and company for providing training opportunities and support.
2) A profile of AYM Syntex Ltd describing it as a leading manufacturer of specialty synthetic yarns established in 1985 with facilities in Silvassa and Palghar.
3) An overview of the company's textile yarn production processes including twisting, texturizing, dyeing and their various machine capabilities.
This document provides an overview of the Birla Textile Mills located in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India. It describes the mill's beautiful campus and five production units. It then lists the various departments within the mill, including production, maintenance, R&D, commercial/accounting, and engineering. It further details several aspects of the production process, such as the raw materials (cotton, polyester, viscose, acrylic), machine layout, dyeing process for different fibers, and types of drying machines.
Padma PolyCotton Knit Fabrics Limited is a knit composite mill located in Dhaka, Bangladesh that produces knitted fabrics and garments for export. The mill uses various types of yarn, including cotton, polyester, viscose and their blends, as its raw materials. Padma PolyCotton aims to be a preferred sourcing partner for high quality fabrics and clothing through utilizing advanced technology and developing local human resources.
Micro Fiber Ltd. is a knit composite textile mill located in Ramarbagh, Narayangonj, Bangladesh. The mill has several departments including knitting, dyeing, printing, finishing, and garments. It processes materials like cotton, polyester-cotton blends, and melange yarns to produce gray and dyed knitted fabrics. The mill has over 5,000 employees and manufactures around 8,000 kg of gray fabric and 22-24 tons of dyed fabric per day. The report provides details on the mill's operations, management systems, raw materials, production processes, quality control, and other functions.
This document provides an overview of the Epyllion Group, where the author has accepted a position as a Management Trainee. Epyllion Group is a large ready-made garments manufacturer established in 1994 that now employs over 17,000 people across multiple production units. The document outlines the company's production capacity, major clients, certifications, organizational structure within the marketing and merchandising department, and responsibilities of the author's new role as a merchandiser.
This document provides information about Tua-Ha Textile Ltd., a knitting, dyeing, finishing, and garment manufacturing factory in Bangladesh. It details the factory's objectives to meet client expectations, gain buyer confidence, be known for quality Bangladeshi products, create jobs, and use modern communication technologies. It also outlines the factory's compliance with regulations regarding labor, health, and safety. The document focuses on the factory's knitting section, describing the types of fabrics it produces, raw materials used, production processes, machinery, and potential faults in knitting.
Karnaphuli Knit Wear Ltd is a knit composite factory located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It has 750 employees and produces knit fabrics and garments for export. The factory has 62 knitting machines, 26 dyeing and finishing machines, and over 800 sewing machines. It produces a variety of knit fabrics including single jersey, pique, interlock and fleece. Raw materials include grey fabric, dyes, chemicals and sewing thread. Production follows steps of fabric inspection, batching, pretreatment, dyeing, drying, slitting, compacting and inspection before packing and delivery. Planning involves analyzing orders, scheduling knitting, dyeing, cutting, printing, embroidery, sewing, finishing
This presentation is my graduation internship presentation at BSL (LNJ group) Bhilwara (Rajasthan).
In this presentation I describe BSL company profile, Process significance, all steps which use for fibre to fabric in textile.
This document provides information about BSL Ltd., a textile company that manufactures fashion fabrics and wool yarn. It discusses the company's departments including quality control, processing, dyeing, and finishing. It describes the various machines and processes used in quality testing, fabric processing, dyeing, weight reduction, drying, and finishing. Key areas covered include quality control procedures for incoming materials, fabric testing at different stages, shade development, and parameters for dyeing and finishing processes.
This document describes an industrial training report for Aman Tex Limited, a knit dyeing and garment manufacturing company in Bangladesh. It includes sections on the company overview, layout, departments, machinery, processes, and raw materials. Some key details:
- Aman Tex is a 100% export-oriented knit composite industry located in Gazipur, Bangladesh. It has various certifications and complies with labor standards.
- The company has different sections for knitting, dyeing, finishing, garments production, maintenance, and administration.
- The knitting section contains various circular, flatbed, and stripe knitting machines from Fukuhara primarily for single jersey, rib, and fle
The document provides an overview of the Hotapara Garments Ltd company, including its infrastructure, departments, manpower, production capacity, and product mix. The company has over 1850 workers split across various departments like knitting, dyeing, quality control, sewing, and maintenance. It has a daily production capacity of 40,000 pieces and manufactures items like T-shirts, polo shirts, jackets, and bottoms.
This document provides information about an industrial internship at Rupa Fabrics Ltd, a knit dyeing and finishing company in Bangladesh. It includes:
1. An overview of the company's profile, production capacity and certifications. Rupa Fabrics produces basic t-shirts, sweaters and knit fabrics for export.
2. Details on the production processes used, including knitting, dyeing, finishing and garment manufacturing. Knitting is done on circular and flatbed machines in various gauges. Dyeing and finishing include processes like batching, laboratory testing, knit dyeing, and finishing.
3. Descriptions of the management structure and responsibilities of roles like the general manager
The document provides details about Apex Spinning and Knitting Mills Ltd., including its establishment, location, departments, production capacity, and management structure. It also describes the knitting process, quality control procedures, maintenance, and strategies for increasing production efficiency. Key details are given about raw materials, machine specifications, and quality standards.
This document is Akansha Choudhary's internship report summarizing their 15-day internship at OCM Private Limited, a textile manufacturer in Amritsar, India. It provides an overview of OCM, which began in 1924 and produces a range of wool and wool-blend fabrics. The report then describes various processes observed at OCM, including dyeing techniques like jet dyeing and jig dyeing. It also summarizes the spinning process from blending fibers to roving, and other areas like weaving, mending, inspection, and quality control. The report is intended to fulfill an academic requirement for Akansha's internship at the National Institute of Fashion Technology in Patna.
This document provides an overview of Epyllion Group, a Bangladeshi garment manufacturer. It summarizes the company's history and operations, including its vertical integration from textiles to finished garments. It then describes several departments within the company's manufacturing process, including their objectives, key machines used, strengths and weaknesses. Finally, it discusses some roles within the company's operation department in managing processes like material planning and monitoring production efficiency.
This document provides a summary of a textile industry publication. It discusses innovations from ITMA + CITME 2018, interviews textile company J P MODATEX, and provides market reports on yarn, fabric, and the textile industry in Surat, India. It also covers sustainable fibers, machinery maintenance, and the global textile machinery market. The publication aims to inform readers about new technologies and business developments within the textile value chain.
knits dyeing Training t arvind knits marketing dyeing DepartmentMANOJIT BARMAN
Sujay Majumder , Manojit Barman.....
ARVIND LIMITED
KNITS DYEING DEPARTMENT
SANTEJ, P.O-KHATREJ.DIST-GANDHINAGAR,
GUJARAT, INDIA
DURATION: 1st JULY TO 31st AUGUST, 2016
SUBJECT: KNITS DYEING
Submitted By: SUJAY MAJUMDER
Roll No- 98/JFT/131037
STUDENT OF:
INSTITUTE OF JUTE TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF JUTE & FIBRE TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
The document summarizes a student group's presentation on their industrial visit to Noman Weaving Mills Ltd. It provides details on the company's background, production processes, machinery used, quality control procedures, production rates, and utilities. The visit aimed to help students bridge theory with practice and gain exposure to the textiles industry. The group thanked attendees for listening to the presentation summarizing their site visit.
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Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
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Knit Finishing in Arvind Ltd. bY Anupam Vowmic, created by Manojit Barman
1. IN SUMMER TRAINING REPORT AT ARVIND LIMITED
BY
ANUPAM BHOWMICK
DEPARTMENT OF TE FIBER TECHNOLOGY
INSTITUTE OF JUTE TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
IN KNITS FINISHING DIVISION
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As part of our syllabus, I have undergone industrial training in Arvind Limited at
KHATRAJ KNITS MARKETING DIVISION, from 01-07-2016 to 31-08-2016. First of all, I
are very thankful to whole Arvind Group for providing me the best facility & good
environment during the whole training period.
I would like to express our heartiest gratitude to Mr. Subhanish Malhotra (H.R.
Manager) and Ms. Krupa Raval (HR) who granted us the permission to undergo training
in such a prestigious organization. I am also very grateful to our instructors Mr. Kalyan
Bhattacharyya (Head of Knits Marketing) and Mr. Hiren B. Patel (Manager) & Mr.
Azaruddin Solanki who gave their valuable time, guidance and gave attention on us
during our whole training period.
Finally I would like to thank all the mill employees for their cooperation and support
without which it would not have been possible for us to make such an understanding
about the different aspects. I am very happy to have attended this training because of
the support every person of the department extended to us; they gave us a lot of
information and knowledge about the machines.
I am also greatly indebted to the teachers of our institution, Prof. Swapan Kumar
Ghosh (H.O.D.) and Prof. Debasish Das who helped in coordinating the program. I am
very grateful to all our teachers at Institute of Jute Technology, Department of Jute and
Fibre Technology, University of Calcutta who developed our knowledge and widened
our view, instilled interest in the subject and encouraged us to undertake this training
in a renowned industry even so far away from our University.
3. OBJECTIVE OF THE MILL TRAINING
The making of a technologist not only comprises of theoretical knowledge
but it should be supplemented by through practical knowledge.
It is necessary for young technologist to undergo a rigorous onsite training
schedule to master the technology of actual machinery set up and
production procedure, as well as intricacies of personal dealings.
Both with management staff and also with actual production operations.
The training programme also enables a trainee to face situation both
beneficial and adverse and to react on them in proper and satisfied
manner. Under the proper guidance of seniors, this online practical
training gives a much needed experience to the fresher to get accustomed
to the working condition of the mill, before stepping in the real business of
serving in industry.
Therefore the education of a technical student is never complete until and
unless he perceives the whole.
4. KNITTING:
Knitting is the technique of fabric formation by
interlooping one or one set of yarn. The most
essential unit in a knit fabric is the loop or stitch. A
vertical row of stitches is called a ‘wale’; the
horizontal or crosswise row of stitches is known as a
‘course’.
BASIC KNIT FABRICS PRODUCED IN ARVIND MILL
Plain(J)
Rib(R)
Interlock(I)
Pique(P)
Special(SP)
5. TYPES OF FIBRE AND FIBRE BLEND USED IN ARVIND MILL
100% cotton
100% viscose
Cotton lycra blend
Viscose lycra blend
Polyester cotton blend
Viscose cotton blend
STYLE CODE of ARVIND MILL
It is very much important too read the style code for finishing purpose.
From this code we can easily understand the parameters of the fabric like
knit pattern , fiber used, count, etc.
6. STRUCTURE OF STYLE CODE:
Knit fabric type * fabric dyed/printed * company digital
number * type of fibre/fibre blend * count * single/ply yarn
* fabric form
Knit fabric type:
FABRIC CODE
Plain J
Rib R
interlock I
pique P
purl SP
7. FABRIC DYED/PRINTED
DYED/PRINTED CODE
FABRIC DYED P
DISCHARGE PRINT D
REACTIVE PRINT R
Less than 50% area of fabric printed G
Higher area printed H
Melange M
Company digital number: this is a simple numbers generally 5 digital.
TYPE OF FIBRE/FIBRE BLEND
FABRIC CODE
cotton C
viscose V
polyester P
Lycra blend L
If viscose cotton blend use V and polyester cotton blend use P code
8. COUNT
For cotton, polyester and viscose English cotton count
used(Ne)
For lycra tex count used.
SINGLE OR PLY YARN:
For single yarn 1 and ply yarn 2 used
FABRIC FORM:
FABRIC FORM CODE
Open fabric O
Colour fabric C
Special selvedge A
Needle line selvedge Q
Tubler fabric T
9. KNIT FINISHING
Finishing is done mainly for customer satisfaction. The word textile
finishing defines a series of processing operations applied to fabric to
enhance their appearance and hand, properties and possible
applications.
I. Purpose: -
1. Improve appearance, luster, and whiteness etc.
2. Improve feel which depends on the handle of the fabric’
3. Improve weaving quality – none soiling, anti-creasing
4. Incorporation of special properties – water proofing, flame
proofing
5. Improve the serviceability
6. Increase the weight of the fabric
10. II. Types of Finishing: -
a) Mechanical: Peaching and brushing.
b) Chemical: Normal Finish, Improved Normal Finish, Bio
Normal Finish, Bio Improved Normal Finish,
Megnasoft Finish, Wicking Finish, Anti-Microbial
Finish, Anti Microbial with Wicking Finish.
Normal Finish:-
Chemicals used in normal finish are
Hydrosil 10 - 50 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Improved Normal Finish:-
Chemicals used in improved normal
finish are
Hydrosil 10 - 50 gpl
Sil 80 - 20 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Silon PEM2 - 15 gpl
Bio Normal Finish:-
Chemicals used in Bio normal finish are
Hydrosil 10 - 40 gpl
Sil 80 - 30 gpl
Silon PEM2 - 10 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Bio Improved Normal Finish:-
Chemicals used in Bio improve normal finish are
Hydrosil 10 - 50 gpl
Sil 80 - 40 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Silon PEM2 - 15 gpl
11. Megasoft Finish:-
Chemicals used in Megasoft finish are
Hydrosil 10 - 40 gpl
Sil 80 - 40 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Silon PEM2 - 15 gpl
Wicking Finish:-
Chemicals used in Wicking finish are
INNOCEL 330
SDNA
Acetic acid
Anti Microbial Finish:-
Chemicals used in anti microbial finish
are
Silvador 930
Hydrosil 10
Acetic acid
Silon PEM2
Anti Microbial with Wicking Finish:-
Chemicals used in anti microbial with wicking
finish are
INNOCEL 330
Resiwik Plus
Pure Silver
Acetic acid
Peaching:-
Chemicals used before peaching
RPU - 40 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Hydrosil 10 - 20 gpl
Chemicals used after peaching
Sil 80 - 30 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
Brushing:-
Chemicals used after brushing
Hydrosil 10 - 40 gpl
Acetic acid - 0.5 gpl
RPU - 20 gpl
12. Total number of machines in knit finish division: 17
Type Number Name
Slitter 4 Corino1, corino2, santa cut, santa
stretch
Stenter 4 Babcock , monfongs , montex ,
bruckner
Dryer 2 Sanex dryer(2 no.)
Compactor 4 Lafer , sanex(2 no.) , tube tex
Peaching 1 Lafer spa
Brushing 1 Lafer brushing
For biancalany finish used BIANCALANY machine.
13. Slitting machine:
Objective:
The Machine Treats the fabric after dyeing process and prepare for drying.
The main operation of the Machine are rope squeezing, detwisting, sliting, squeezing
and folding.
Reducing the content water in the fabric.
Softening the fabric by applying the softeners.
Make: Corino
Model: Rp01189c3210
Type: Super Slit
Machine Details:
Basket Width- 130cm
Max Speed- 90 M/Min
Padder Pressure- 5 Bar
After Sliting Width- 130-134cm
It Contain Padding Mangle
Turn Table- Auto
Detwister- Auto
Input: Batch Kintted Dyed Fabric
Output: Detwisted Folded Wash Fabric
Number Of Workerss: 2
Production/Shift: 3-4 Ton
Components Of The Machine:
J-Box
Dead Twister
Centering Roller
Basket With Exhaust Fan
Knife
Padder/Immersion Roller
Turning Roller
Tension Roller
Sensor
Free Roller
Plaiter Roller
14. Process Flow Chart:
Knitted Dyed Fabric In
Trolley
Rope Squeezer
Dead Twister
Cutter
Feed Roller
Padding Mangle
Squeezing Roller
Platter Roller
Store In Trolley
CORINO SLITTING MACHINE
15. DRYER MACHINE
objective:
It Dries the Fabric
It Controls the Over Feed System
It Controls the GSM of the Fabric
It Controls the Shrinkage % of the Fabric
It Matches the Shade of the Fabric
Make: Santex Group
Type: Santashrink
Commercial No: 7220/2400 Mm
Year: 2011
Machine Details:
Max Material Delivery Speed: 50m/Min
Max Machine Width: 280 Cm
Drying Temp: 120-140 ⁰C (Lighter Shade)
: 140-160 ⁰C (Dark Shade)
Type of Heating: Oil Heating
No of Heating Chamber: 5
It ContainTwo Padding Mangle, one of them contains Softner (Marble Pounch, Mega
Soft, Ultra Power, Formalin, Proban Etc) and another contains only Water.
No.of workerss: 3
Production/shift: 3-4 ton
16. Fabric In Trolley
Guide Roller
Feed Roller
1st Padding Mangle
Squeezing Roller
2nd Padding Mangle
Squeezing Roller
Width Controler
Heating Zone
Conveyer Belt
Platter Roller
Store In Trolley
DRYER MACHINE
Process flowchart
17. Objective:
Width of the fabric is control the stenter
Heat setting is done for lycra, synthetic and blend fabric
Finishing chemical apply on the fabric by the stenter
Loop of the knit fabric is control
Moisture of the fabric is control
Spirality of the fabric is control
GSM of the fabric is control by the stenter
Fabric is dried by the stentering process
Shrinkage property of the fabric is control by the stenter
Curring treatment for resin, water repellent of fabric is
done by the stenter
STENTER MACHINE
18. Make: Bruckner
Type: 4.3886
Year: 2014
MACHINE DETAILS:
a) Maximum material speed 15- 40 m/min
b) Temperature: for finishing 170 0c
c) : for heat setting 2000c
d) Rolling pressure: 5 bar
e) Steam pressure: 0.7 bar
f) Air pressure: 10 bar
g) Maximum fabric width is 250 cm
h) Minimum fabric width is 75 cm
i) it contain one padding mangle contain softner (merble
pounch,mega soft, ultra power, formalin, proban etc)
j) It contain 8 heating chamber and type of heating is gas heating
through nozzle
k) Use utilities: electricity, gas, compress air, steam
l) Applied for open width fabric
input: washed knitted fabric
output: heat setted knitted
fabric
No. of workers: 3
production/shift: 3-4 ton
MACHINE DETAILS
19. Process Flow Chart:
Fabric In Trolly
Guide Roller
Feed Roller
Padding Mangle
Squeezing Roller
Guide Roller
Width Controler
Steaming Zone
Heating Zone
Guide Roller
Spreader Roller
Guide Roller
Platter Roller
Store In Trolley
STENTER MACHINE
20. COMPACTOR MACHINE
OBJECTIVE:
A) It Controls the GSM of the Fabric
B) It Controls the Shrinkage %
C) It Increases Smoothness of Fabric
D) Heat Setting is done for Fabric
Santex New & old(open width compactor )
Make: Santex
Model: New Santa Compact 240
Year: 2004
Machine Details:
Fabric Speed: 5- 50 M/Min
Temperature: 110- 140 ⁰C
Maximum Fabric Width: 220
Cm
Minimum Fabric Width: 90cm
Air Pressure: 6 Bar
Steam pressure: 6bar
saturated steam
Used utilities: electricity,
compress air, steam
Applied for: open width
Input: dry fabric
Output: compacted fabric
Number of workerss: 3
Production/shift: 2-3 ton
21. Fabric In Trolley
Guide Roller
Feed Roller
Spreader Roller
Width Controler (El Spreader)
Steaming Zone
Heating Zone
Compacting Zone
Conveyer Belt
Platter Roller
Store In Trolley
Process Flow Chart
COMPACTOR MACHINE
23. Batch making – fabric dyeing – shade approval after
dyeing – fabric slitting – relax drying – St. PLUS ( For
collar & tube ) – stenter - OW campacting – shade
approval after finishing – finish inspection.
Batch making – fabric slitting – heat setting - lycra
tubing – lycra replatting - fabric dyeing – shade
approval after dyeing – fabric slitting – St. PLUS ( For
collar & tube ) – stenter - printing – drying with
softener – stenter finish - OW campacting – shade
approval after finishing – finish inspection.
Batch making – slitting- heat setting – batch replatting -
fabric dyeing – shade approval after dyeing – fabric
slitting – relax drying – St. PLUS ( For collar & tube ) –
stenter - OW campacting – shade approval after
finishing – finish inspection
MATERIAL WISE PROCESS ROUTE
100% cotton &
viscose and cotton-
viscose blend
Lycra and other
fibre blend
Polyester-cotton
blend
24. NAMES OF KNIT FABRICS DEFECTS / FAULTS
1) High shrinkage.
2) Skewing /bowing.
3) Surface hairiness &
pilling.
4) Fold marks.
5) Wet squeezer marks.
6) GSM variation.
7) Fabric with variation.
8) Window cut.
9) Oil Stain.
10) Handling stain.
11) Patchy
12) Softner marks.
13) Rust stain
14) Gum stain
15) Especially for white
shade variation.
16) Fabric loose near
selvedge.
25. DEFECTS CAUSES AND THEIR REMEDIES
High shrinkage: The original intended measurement of the garment go haywire during storage and after the very fast
wash.
Causes: 1) High stresses and strains exerted on the fabric during processing of the fabric and the fabric not being
allowed to relax properly, thereafter. 2) This is done due to the fabric being subject to high tension during
processing.
Remedies:
1) Keep the fabric during processing in loose platted form. 2) Allow the fabric to relax properly, before it is cut.
3) Store the finished fabric also in the platted form and not in the roll form.
4) Give maximum overfeed to the fabric during the processing on stenter and compactor machine.
Skewing and Bowing : Bowing and skewing appears as row of courses or yarn dyed or printed stripes forming bow
and skew shape along the fabric width.
Causes: Uneven distribution of tensions across the fabric width while dyeing or finishing.
Remedies: 1) Bowing and skewing can be corrected by reprocessing the fabric by feeding it from the opposite end .
2) a special arrangement (MAHLO) is also available for correcting this in fabric.
Surface hairiness and piling: it appears the form of access superfluous fibers on the surface of the fabric. Piling
appears as small fibre balls formed on the surface of the fabric.
Causes:
1) abrasion due to contact with rough surface. 2) Rough dyeing process and abrasive Machine surface.
3) Reprocessing of the fabric is also a major cause.
Remedies:
1) control shrinkage by maximum fabric relaxation and overfeed in the processing.
2) regularly inspect the fabric contact points on all the Machine s , for any rough and sharp surface.
3) avoid repeated reprocessing of the fabric. 4) use anti-piling chemical treatment for the fabric prone to piling.
26. DEFECTS CAUSES AND THEIR REMEDIES (cont’d)
Fold marks: it appears as distinct pressure marks along the length of the fabric.
Causes:
Too much pressure of the feeding rolls of the stenter and compactor.
Remedies: Adjust the gap between two rolls as per the fabric thickness.
Wet squeezer mark: it appears as distinct lines along the length of the fabric.
Causes:
These marks are caused due to the excessive pressure of the squeezer rolls of the padding mangle on
the wet fabric while rinsing.
Remedies:
Use the padding mangle only for the application of the softener.
GSM Variation: the fabric will appears to have a visible variation in the density , from roll to roll or
within the same roll of the same dye lot.
Cause:
1) roll to roll variation in the process parameters. 2) roll to roll variation in the fabric loop length.
Remedies:
All rolls in a lot are processed under the same process parameters.
Fabric width variation: defferent rolls of the same fabric lot having difference in the finished width of
the fabric.
Causes:
Roll to roll difference in the dyed fabric stressed with, while feeding the fabric on the stenter and
compactor.
Remedies:
The stretched width of the fabric should remain constant during processing on the stenter and
compactor.
27. DEFECTS CAUSES AND THEIR REMEDIES (cont’d)
Handling, Oil, Rust, Gum stain: It appears as spots or patchy of geese oil or dyes of different colour
or patchy of rust and spots of gum in a neat and clean finished fabric surface.
Causes:
1) dyeing Machine not cleaned thoroughly after dyeing a lot.
2) grease and oil stains from the unguarded moving Machine parts.
3) fabric touching the floats and other soiled places during transportation in the trolleys.
4) handling of the fabric with soiled hands and steeping on to the stored fabric with dirty feet or
shoes on.
5) improper rotation of gum wheel and improper density of gum at stenter and compactor
machine.
Remedies:
1) wash and clean the dyeing Machine thoroughly after dyeing every dye lot.
2) all the lubricated moving parts should be protected with safety guard.
3) make sure that the fabric is neatly packed in or covered with polythene sheets while transporting
and storage.
4) handle the fabric carefully. 5) check gum wheel rotation and gum condition.
Window cut: it appears like window form hole on fabric .
Causes: Inexperienced operator and care less operations.
Remedies:
Operator should be experienced and operate carefully.
28. DEFECTS CAUSES AND THEIR REMEDIES (cont’d)
Patchy: it appears , as random irregular patches on the surface of the dyed fabric.
Causes:
1) inadequate scouring of the fabric. 2) improper levelling agent . 3) correct pH value not
maintained. 4) Machine stoppage and fabric entanglements in the dyeing Machine. 1) scour
the fabric thoroughly.
Remedies:
2) use appropriate leveling agent, 3) maintain the correct pH., 4) avoid Machine stoppage.
Shade variation: difference in the depth of shade between roll to roll and from place to place in
the same roll.
Causes: 1) shade variation can be as a result of mixing the fabric of different lots.
2) variation in the process parameters, 3) variation in the GSM of the fabric.
Remedies:
1) ensure that the gray fabric used for one shade is knitted from same lot of the yarn.
2) maintain the proper process parameters.
Softner Marks: softner marks appears as distinct irregular patches in the dried fabric after the
application of softner.
Causes: Softner not being uniformly dissolved in water.
Remedies:
1) ensure that the Softner is uniformly dissolved in the water and does not remain undissolved as
lumps or suspensions.
2) use the right Softner and correct procedure for the application.
3) maintain the correct pH value of the Softner before application.
Spirality: it appears in the form of a twisted garment after washing.
Causes: 1) high TPI of yarn. 2) unequal rate of fabric feed on the stenter and compactor machine .
Remedies: 1) Use proper TPI in yarn. 2) Ensure uniform rate of feed.
29. ANUPAM BHOWMICK
B.TECH. IN JUTE & FIBRE TECHNOLOGY
(7TH SEMESTER)
DEPARTMENT OF JUTE AND FIBRE TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA