Kinds of communication

1. KINDS OF COMMUNICATION
Dr. Arpita Sharma
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Agricultural Communication
GBPUA&T, Pantnagar
AAC-307 Communication Skills for
Agricultural Development

2. INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 Communication that transpires inside a person.
 This happen all the time.
 Talking to oneself, listening to oneself, relating one
to oneself.
 Contemplating, Conceptualizing and
formulating our thoughts and ideas before we
indulge in overt communication.

3. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 Universal form of communication that takes
place between two people.
 Person to person contact.
 Formal and informal
 Takes place anywhere by means of words,
sounds, facial expression, gesture, posture.
 Effective communication situation because you
can get immediate feedback.
 You can clarify and emphasize many points through
your expressions, gestures and voice.
 Emotional appeal, motivate, encourage,
coordinate.

4. GROUP COMMUNICATION
 Is an interpersonal communication where more
than two individuals are involved in exchange of
ideas, skills and interests.
 Group provides an opportunity for people to
come together to discuss and exchange views
of common interest.
 Collective decision making, self expression,
increasing one’s effect, relaxation.

5. MASS COMMUNICATION
 Any mechanical device that multiplies messages
and takes it to a large number of people
simultaneously is called mass communication.
 Whosoever is the recipient of mass media content
constitutes its audience.
 As compared to interpersonal communication,
feedback in mass media is slow and weak.

6. Important definitions in
communication

7. ENCODING AND DECODING
 The encoding of a message is the production of
the message.
 It is a system of coded meanings.
 In order to create that, the sender needs to
understand how the world is comprehensible to
the members of the audience.
 The decoding of a message is how an audience
member is able to understand, and interpret the
message.

8. EMPATHY
 Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what
another person is experiencing from within the other
person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to
place oneself in another's position.
Two major components:
 Affective empathy/emotional empathy: the capacity to
respond with an appropriate emotion to another's
mental states.
 Cognitive empathy: The capacity to understand
another's perspective or mental state.
 Somatic empathy: Is a physical reaction, probably
based on mirror neuron responses, in the somatic
nervous system.

9. CREDIBILITY
Is the degree to which a communication source
is perceived as trustworthy and competent by
the receiver.

10. HOMOPHILY AND HETEROPHILY
 Homophily: Homophily is the degree to which a
pair of individuals who communicate are similar
in certain attributes such as beliefs, education,
social status.
 Heterophily: Is the degree to which pairs of
individuals who interact are different in certain
attributes.

11. PROPANGANDA, PUBLICITY, PERSUASION
 Is deliberate manipulation of people’s beliefs,
values and behaviours through words, gestures,
images, thoughts, music etc.
 Publicity is based on truth and propaganda
often suppresses the truth.
 Persuasion is more democratic in influencing
the audience to bring about change in their
attitude and behavior.

12. PERCEPTION
 Process by which an individual maintain contact
with the environment.
Fidelity
Is the faithful performance of communication
process by all its elements: Communicator,
message, channel, receiver.
Communication Gap
Difference between what was communicated by
the extension agent and what has actually been
received by the audience.

13. COMMUNICATION NETWORK
 Consists of interconnected individual who are
linked by patterned flow of information.
Frame of reference
 The frame of reference is whatever you
understand is the position of those with whom you
propose to communicate.

14. Thanks