Communication can broadly be defined as exchange of ideas, messages and information between two or more persons, through a medium, in a manner that the sender and the receiver understand the message in the common sense, that is, they develop common understanding of the message

1. COMMUNICATION IN NURSING
Mr. Akshay Deshmukh
B.Bsc Nursing
Anuradha college of nursing

2. COMMUNICATION
DEFINATION
A process by which information is
exchanged between individuals through
common system of symbols , sign or
behavior

3. PURPOSES OF COMMUNICATION
A. To Collect the assessment data
B. To initiate intervention
C. To evaluate outcome of intervention
D. To initiate change which help in promoting health
E. To take measure for preventing legal problem associated
with nursing practice
F. To analyze factor affecting the health team

4. Intrapersonal
People talk to themselves and form thoughts internally
Interpersonal
Interaction that occurs between people/groups
(This is the one we are primarily concerned with at this point)
Public
Interaction of one person with large groups
Levels of Communication

5. COMMUNICATION PROCESS

6. Sender :- The sender or the communicator generates the message and conveys it to the
receiver. He is the source and the one who starts the communication
Message :- It is the idea, information, view, fact, feeling, etc. that is generated by the sender
and is then intended to be communicated further.
Encoding :- The message generated by the sender is encoded symbolically such as in the
form of words, pictures, gestures, etc. before it is being conveyed
Media :- It is the manner in which the encoded message is transmitted. The message may be
transmitted orally or in writing. The medium of communication includes telephone, internet, post,
fax, e-mail, etc. The choice of medium is decided by the sender.
Decoding :- It is the process of converting the symbols encoded by the sender. After decoding
the message is received by the receiver.

7. Receiver :- He is the person who is last in the chain and for whom the message
was sent by the sender. Once the receiver receives the message and understands
it in proper perspective and acts according to the message, only then the
purpose of communication is successful.
Feedback :- Once the receiver confirms to the sender that he has received
the message and understood it, the process of communication is complete.
Noise :- It refers to any obstruction that is caused by the sender,
message or receiver during the process of communication. For
example, bad telephone connection, faulty encoding, faulty decoding,
inattentive receiver, poor understanding of message due to prejudice or
inappropriate gestures, etc.

8. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
Verbal Non verbal
1. ORAL
2. WRITTEN 1. Facial Expression
2. Gestures
3. Body Language
4. Hepatics or Touch
5. Appearance
6. Eye Contact
7. Proxemics

9. VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Oral communication :- Oral communication is the process of verbally transmitting
information and ideas from one individual or group to another. Oral
communication can be either formal or informal. Examples of informal oral
communication include: Face-to-face conversations. Telephone conversations.
Written communication :- A 'Written Communication' means the sending of
messages, orders or instructions in writing through letters, circulars, manuals,
reports, telegrams, office memos, bulletins, etc. It is a formal method
of communication and is less flexible.

10. Non Verbal Communication
 Facial Expression :- Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. They are a
primary means of conveying social information between humans, but they also occur in most
other mammals and some other animal species.
 Gestures ;- Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning
without words. Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate
numeric amounts. Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture. (a movement of part of the body,
especially a hand or the head, to express an idea or meaning)
 Body Language:- Body language is a type of a nonverbal communication in which physical
behaviors, as opposed to words, are used to express or convey the information. Such
behavior includes facial expressions, body posture, gestures, eye movement, touch and the
use of space.
 Hepatics or Touch:- Haptics Haptic communication is a form of nonverbal communication and
the way by which people and animals communicate via touching. Touch is the most
effective means to communicate feelings and emotions. The withholding of touch may
communicate a variety of negative feelings

11.  Appearance ;- Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles, and other factors affecting
appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal communication. Research on color
psychology has demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance
can also alter physiological reactions, judgments, and interpretations.
 Eye Contact ;- Eye contact is a form of body language which is important
during communication. ... When you keep eye contact with the person you are talking to it
indicates that you are focused and paying attention. It means that you are actually listening
to what the person has to say.
 Proxemics ;-Basically, proxemics is the study of space and how we use it, how it makes us
feel more or less comfortable, and how we arrange objects and ourselves in relation to
space. The term was coined by the anthropologist Edward Hall. Hall was interested in
understanding how humans use space in communication.

12. Nurse And Patient Relationship
 Therapeutic nurse behaviours :- Having the ability to enter the perceptual world of the other person
and understanding how they experience the situation is empathy. This is an important therapeutic nurse
behaviour essential to convey support, understanding and share experiences. A client to a nurse in a
general sense is seeking help.
 Self-awareness :- Self-awareness in communication. ... Connection between self-awareness and
effective communication • Self-awareness means that you know how your thoughts, emotions and
behaviours affect others and you're able to manage yourself so that the other person is an important
part of the conversation.
 Genuine, warm and respectful :- People have different opinions, different talents, and different
abilities; respectful communication involves the ability to effectively assert your own views and fully listen
to the views of others. The focus in the workplace should be on collaboration, using everyone's
strengths to achieve common goal
 Empathy :- Empathy. ... When you have empathy, it means you can understand what a person is
feeling in a given moment, and understand why other people's actions made sense to
them. Empathy helps us to communicate our ideas in a way that makes sense to others, and it helps us
understand others when they communicate with us.

13.  Collaborative goal setting :- A therapeutic nurse-client relationship is established for the benefit of the
client. It includes nurses working with the client to create goals directed at improving their health
status.[6] Goals are centered on the client's values, beliefs and needs. A partnership is formed between
nurse and client. The nurse empowers patient and families to get involved in their health.[6] This relationship
has three phases, a beginning (first time contact/introduction), a middle (develop a relationship to deliver
care) and an end (the patient is no longer dependant on the nurse). To make this process successful the
nurse must value, respect and listen to clients as individuals. Focus should be on the feelings, priorities,
challenges, and ideas of the patient, with progressive aim of enhancing optimum physical, spiritual, and
mental health
 Responsible, ethical practice :- Moreover, ethical communication enhances human worth and dignity by
fostering truthfulness, fairness, responsibility, personal integrity, and respect for self and others. ... We
advocate truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of communication.