Js Arctic Amplification and the Jet Stream
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
2 likes•832 views
This document discusses how changes in the Arctic are affecting weather patterns in New England through impacts on the jet stream. Polar amplification, where the Arctic is warming faster than other regions, is causing sea ice and snow cover loss. This decrease in the temperature gradient between the Equator and Pole is weakening the jet stream and making it more prone to north-south movements. As a result, winters in New England are expected to be warmer and wetter overall with more extreme and longer-lasting weather events.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
EcoTas13 BradEvans e-MAST
eMAST aims to integrate data from TERN and other sources to model ecosystems at all scales in Australia from 2013-2015. This will be done using data assimilation, model evaluation and optimization tools to further ecosystem science and help address questions about topics like carbon, water, climate change, fire, and biodiversity. Key products being delivered include high resolution climate and productivity datasets as well as tools for data analysis, interpolation and modeling. Progress includes the development and delivery of ANUClimate climate datasets and the ePiSaT model for estimating primary productivity across Australia using flux tower and satellite data.
Saildrone Antarctica Mission
This is a personal data visualization project based on the data collected during the Saildrone circumnavigation around Antarctica in 2019.
The full project, including the Jupyter Notebook is available here: https://github.com/mlnrt/saildrone-2019-antarctica-circumnavigation
Connecting global & regional carbon budgets to support policy-making
Connecting global & regional carbon budgets to support policy-makingIntegrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)
The document discusses connecting global and regional carbon budgets to support policy-making. It motivates the need to accurately track anthropogenic emissions and natural sinks of greenhouse gases at regional scales consistent with global budgets. While top-down and bottom-up estimates generally agree on global carbon fluxes, there are still inconsistencies in regional budgets, trends, and variability. Better understanding disagreements across methods can provide insight into processes governing carbon sinks and their changes over time.Climate Modelling, Predictions and Projections
This document discusses climate modeling, predictions, and projections. It summarizes that global surface temperature change is likely to exceed 1.5°C by the end of the century for all scenarios. It also notes that ocean acidification is a clear signal of human-caused climate change and that global sea levels will continue rising through 2100 even with reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Initialized climate simulations can reproduce temperature trends and internal variability to provide near-term climate predictions.
EcoTas13 BradEvans e-Mast UNSW
1) eMAST aims to integrate data from TERN and other sources using data assimilation tools to enable ecosystem modeling, optimization, and analysis of questions in carbon, water, climate change, fire, and biodiversity.
2) eMAST is delivering high-resolution climate, canopy, water use, and productivity data products as well as tools for data interpolation, modeling, and assimilation.
3) ePiSaT is an R package that uses OzFlux tower data, climate data from eMAST, and satellite data to model and map gross primary productivity across Australia.
Áreas de alta Montaña
This document outlines the structure and content of the upcoming IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere (SROCC). It discusses that Chapter 2 will focus on high mountain areas. It provides background information on glacial retreat observed in recent assessments. Maps and graphs show declining glacier coverage globally and in Ecuador between 1960 and 2016. The authors will examine impacts of climate change on water resources and cryosphere in the Andes as well as examples of adaptation. Indigenous knowledge is also noted as an important consideration.
Stepped Pilo-Pleistocene climate variablity at Lake E
This document summarizes research from a team studying the 3.58 million year climate record from Lake El'gygytgyn in Arctic Russia. The record shows stepped Plio-Pleistocene climate variability with a transition from a warm and wet Pliocene to cooler and more variable glacial/interglacial conditions in the Pleistocene. Significant findings include evidence of forested conditions in the Arctic prior to 3 million years ago, a complex transition to tundra vegetation by 2.3 million years ago, and periods of extreme warmth called "super interglacials" that may have been linked to Antarctic ice sheet disintegration events. The cause of these super interglacials remains unclear but does not appear
Puffers Pond Figs
The document describes the history of Puffer's Pond, which was created by damming the Mill River in 1740. It discusses how the man-made dam causes higher sedimentation rates than natural ponds. It then provides details on the industrial history of the area around the pond from the 18th century onwards. It also outlines past dredging efforts to remove sediment from the pond in 1985, 1989-1990, and analyses of how sediment has accumulated since then. Core samples from the pond contained a distinctive mulch layer and high concentrations of mercury in deeper sediments, likely remaining from the mills that previously operated there.
Recommended
EcoTas13 BradEvans e-MAST
eMAST aims to integrate data from TERN and other sources to model ecosystems at all scales in Australia from 2013-2015. This will be done using data assimilation, model evaluation and optimization tools to further ecosystem science and help address questions about topics like carbon, water, climate change, fire, and biodiversity. Key products being delivered include high resolution climate and productivity datasets as well as tools for data analysis, interpolation and modeling. Progress includes the development and delivery of ANUClimate climate datasets and the ePiSaT model for estimating primary productivity across Australia using flux tower and satellite data.
Saildrone Antarctica Mission
This is a personal data visualization project based on the data collected during the Saildrone circumnavigation around Antarctica in 2019.
The full project, including the Jupyter Notebook is available here: https://github.com/mlnrt/saildrone-2019-antarctica-circumnavigation
Connecting global & regional carbon budgets to support policy-making
Connecting global & regional carbon budgets to support policy-makingIntegrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)
The document discusses connecting global and regional carbon budgets to support policy-making. It motivates the need to accurately track anthropogenic emissions and natural sinks of greenhouse gases at regional scales consistent with global budgets. While top-down and bottom-up estimates generally agree on global carbon fluxes, there are still inconsistencies in regional budgets, trends, and variability. Better understanding disagreements across methods can provide insight into processes governing carbon sinks and their changes over time.Climate Modelling, Predictions and Projections
This document discusses climate modeling, predictions, and projections. It summarizes that global surface temperature change is likely to exceed 1.5°C by the end of the century for all scenarios. It also notes that ocean acidification is a clear signal of human-caused climate change and that global sea levels will continue rising through 2100 even with reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Initialized climate simulations can reproduce temperature trends and internal variability to provide near-term climate predictions.
EcoTas13 BradEvans e-Mast UNSW
1) eMAST aims to integrate data from TERN and other sources using data assimilation tools to enable ecosystem modeling, optimization, and analysis of questions in carbon, water, climate change, fire, and biodiversity.
2) eMAST is delivering high-resolution climate, canopy, water use, and productivity data products as well as tools for data interpolation, modeling, and assimilation.
3) ePiSaT is an R package that uses OzFlux tower data, climate data from eMAST, and satellite data to model and map gross primary productivity across Australia.
Áreas de alta Montaña
This document outlines the structure and content of the upcoming IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere (SROCC). It discusses that Chapter 2 will focus on high mountain areas. It provides background information on glacial retreat observed in recent assessments. Maps and graphs show declining glacier coverage globally and in Ecuador between 1960 and 2016. The authors will examine impacts of climate change on water resources and cryosphere in the Andes as well as examples of adaptation. Indigenous knowledge is also noted as an important consideration.
Stepped Pilo-Pleistocene climate variablity at Lake E
This document summarizes research from a team studying the 3.58 million year climate record from Lake El'gygytgyn in Arctic Russia. The record shows stepped Plio-Pleistocene climate variability with a transition from a warm and wet Pliocene to cooler and more variable glacial/interglacial conditions in the Pleistocene. Significant findings include evidence of forested conditions in the Arctic prior to 3 million years ago, a complex transition to tundra vegetation by 2.3 million years ago, and periods of extreme warmth called "super interglacials" that may have been linked to Antarctic ice sheet disintegration events. The cause of these super interglacials remains unclear but does not appear
Puffers Pond Figs
The document describes the history of Puffer's Pond, which was created by damming the Mill River in 1740. It discusses how the man-made dam causes higher sedimentation rates than natural ponds. It then provides details on the industrial history of the area around the pond from the 18th century onwards. It also outlines past dredging efforts to remove sediment from the pond in 1985, 1989-1990, and analyses of how sediment has accumulated since then. Core samples from the pond contained a distinctive mulch layer and high concentrations of mercury in deeper sediments, likely remaining from the mills that previously operated there.
Understanding Artic Climate Evolution
The document discusses the Lake El'gygytgyn Drilling Project in NE Russia and what it means for understanding Arctic climate evolution. Some key points:
- The project recovered a 3.6 million year continuous sediment record from a meteorite impact crater lake, the most continuous terrestrial record in the Arctic.
- Preliminary results show periods of sustained summer warming around 15-16°C during the mid-Pliocene with 3 times more precipitation than today.
- Evidence was also found of 17 interglacial periods in the Arctic that could be linked to times of Antarctic ice retreat.
- The transition from a warm, forested Arctic to glacial onset between 2.4-2
Csd Workshop
This document summarizes a June 2010 workshop on scientific drilling projects. It discusses proper protocols for core handling, description, archiving, and sharing of cores and data. The workshop covered topics such as core handling at drill sites and during initial description, sampling cores, sharing information among research groups, archiving cores and data, and sharing cores and samples. It emphasized the importance of planning, communication between scientists and drillers, preventing degradation during shipping, proper labeling, and metadata capture.
Csd Workshop
This document summarizes a June 2010 workshop on scientific drilling projects. It discusses proper protocols for core handling, description, archiving, and sharing of samples and data. The workshop covered topics such as core handling at drill sites and during transport, initial core description, sampling, capturing metadata, and curating cores and associated data in archives for future sharing and research. Effective communication and coordination between scientists and drillers during fieldwork was emphasized.
Burns presentation
This document discusses the Earth's climate system, including its components such as external forcings from the sun and volcanoes, internal forcings from greenhouse gases, and feedback loops. It notes the greenhouse effect keeps Earth habitable and examines the climate system through time, including natural variations like El Nino that can cause droughts or floods in different regions. Graphs show Earth's energy balance, the radiation budget at different latitudes, and reconstructed global temperatures over thousands of years.
Sb lakes intro pt1
This document provides an overview of major lake types and how lakes can serve as archives of environmental change. It discusses volcanic, tectonic, and glacial lakes as the primary lake origins. It then explains how lakes record climate and environmental changes through responses in their physical, biological, and chemical properties over time, as seen in sediments, biota, and isotopic signatures. Specific examples demonstrate how paleoclimate reconstructions can be developed by analyzing changes in lake sediments, pollen, diatoms, ostracodes, chironomids, and other biological indicators.
RyanMarchettiAOSSVideoSolution1
The polar jet stream is stronger in winter than summer because temperature differences between the poles and equator are greater in winter, resulting in stronger pressure gradients and faster winds in the upper atmosphere. The document discusses the polar jet stream and compares its strength in winter versus summer, noting it is an important factor in weather patterns.
Jet Stream Analysis Spring 2014
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Rj big data_breakfast_club_jet_stream_rev0
The Jet Stream Methodology combines search, social, and content data to develop engagement programs. It builds profiles from key search phrases, social mentions, and owned content across different levels from base to niche to industry. Mapping this data identifies gaps to create actionable insights. Search defines language, social defines community, and content defines engagement. The methodology predicts opportunities by analyzing relationships between search and sales, social and satisfaction, and content and communications.
Jet stream
It contains:
Causes of Jet Stream
Affects of Jet Stream
Affect on Indian Climate
Facts about jet stream
Climate
The Indian monsoon is influenced by several geographic factors, including latitude, altitude, proximity to oceans, ocean currents, and the differential heating of land and water masses. This creates low pressure over land areas and high pressure over seas during the day that reverses at night. The shifting position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and monsoon trough also impact rainfall patterns. Rainy spells are interrupted by dry breaks as the monsoon trough moves, creating unpredictability that can disturb agricultural schedules. The monsoon lasts from June to September, bringing southwest winds from warm southern oceans and seas to India.
Workshop Intro
This document provides information about a teachers workshop focused on communicating scientific principles around climate change and geological systems using the example of Lake El'gygytgyn in Russia. The workshop aims to show how curiosity-driven science is practical, communicate the sense of time in geological systems, and show how local climate change is linked globally. It discusses using geological records to understand past climate changes and use as a baseline for future changes. Key topics covered include teleconnections between distant places, environmental time lags, causality across large distances, and cycles in geological systems. It also summarizes recent reports on climate change from the IPCC and National Climate Assessment.
Relative Dating
This document discusses methods for determining the relative and absolute ages of geologic features and events. It introduces the principles of superposition, original horizontality, cross-cutting relationships, and inclusions which allow geologists to determine the relative sequence of rock layers and events. Absolute dating techniques including radiometric dating are also summarized, where the decay of radioactive isotopes allows the calculation of numeric ages. Examples are provided to illustrate applications of these dating principles to interpret geologic history.
Initial core descript teachers
The document provides an introduction to making physical observations and documenting stratigraphic sequences from sediment cores. It discusses the importance of studying lake sediments as archives of environmental and climate change over various timescales. Key points covered include developing standardized approaches to describing sediment textures, structures, and facies; using tools like magnetic susceptibility, x-rays, and image analysis to aid analysis; and asking scientific questions to drive the analysis of cores and development of paleoclimate proxies.
Js diatom amherst 2014
Diatoms are unicellular algae with siliceous cell walls that are widely distributed in both marine and freshwater environments. They can be found as plankton in open water or attached to surfaces as periphyton. The document discusses diatom biology, taxonomy, and their use in paleoclimate reconstruction by analyzing fossil diatom assemblages in sediment cores. Diatoms are sensitive to various environmental factors like salinity, temperature, and nutrients, which allows their fossil remains to provide information about past climate conditions through the use of transfer functions.
Jet Stream, Convection Currents & Global Winds
Jet streams are fast-moving bands of air found in the atmosphere of some planets including Earth. They typically have changing shapes and can reach speeds of 275 mph. The strongest jet streams on Earth are the polar and subtropical jets between 7-16 km above sea level. Jet streams influence weather by carrying air masses and storms along their paths and shifting weather patterns as they move north or south. Global wind patterns also influence weather systems as hurricanes and other storms move from east to west or vice versa depending on their location. Convection in the atmosphere involves warm air near the equator rising and cool air sinking, driving global wind circulation between the poles and equator.
Geography; Jet Streams and Ocean Currents
Jet streams and ocean currents were discussed. Jet streams are fast flowing air currents found near the transition between the troposphere and stratosphere, and are caused by the planet's rotation and atmospheric heating. The main jet streams on Earth flow west to east. Ocean currents are directed movements of ocean water generated by various forces, and can flow for great distances, influencing climate patterns. Examples given were the Gulf Stream making Northwest Europe warmer, and the Humboldt Current cooling Peru.
7
This chapter discusses air masses and weather systems. It describes the major air masses that affect weather in different regions, including maritime tropical (mT), continental polar (cP), and continental arctic (cA). Fronts are boundaries between differing air masses, such as cold fronts and warm fronts. Mid-latitude cyclones form in zones of clash between polar and subtropical air masses, bringing variable weather. Other atmospheric disturbances discussed include hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornadoes, blizzards, and tropical waves. Modern weather forecasting utilizes Doppler radar, satellites, and high-speed computing.
Pg class27-midlat cyclones and anti, hurricanes
This document discusses various atmospheric disturbances including midlatitude cyclones and anticyclones, tropical disturbances such as easterly waves and hurricanes, and localized severe weather like thunderstorms and tornadoes. Midlatitude cyclones form between 35-70 degrees latitude and drive weather patterns in midlatitudes through converging counterclockwise winds. Hurricanes are strong tropical cyclones that require warm ocean waters and can cause catastrophic wind and storm surge flooding damage. Thunderstorms, lightning, and tornadoes are examples of localized severe weather phenomena.
Lecture13 oct23-bb(1)
1) The document discusses general circulation patterns like the Hadley cell and polar cell. It also covers jet streams like the polar jet and subtropical jet.
2) El Nino and La Nina events are described as being related to changes in ocean temperatures and atmospheric circulation in the Pacific. During El Nino, warm water shifts eastward.
3) The impacts of El Nino include changes to weather worldwide through teleconnections. The Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) is used to define El Nino and La Nina thresholds.
Monsoon Winds
This presentation have all what you need to present about Monsoon winds, even it's types.
If you want to learn geophysics/geology
visit my blog
http://geophysicsdiary.blogspot.com/
Climate change co2 or crop irrigation
Describes latest observations of climate by satellites and ground stations and assesses them relative to the possible causes of 'greenhouse gases', world energy use, and latent heat transfer by crop irrigation.
Climate Change and Wilderness - A Scottish Perspective
The document discusses the impacts of climate change from a Scottish perspective. It notes that the effects of releasing fossil fuel CO2 into the atmosphere will persist for hundreds of thousands of years. Comparison of modern temperatures with paleoclimate data suggests the planet is currently at its warmest in the past one million years, constituting dangerous climate change. The impacts of climate change are already being observed globally through rising temperatures and sea levels as well as decreasing snowfall.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Understanding Artic Climate Evolution
The document discusses the Lake El'gygytgyn Drilling Project in NE Russia and what it means for understanding Arctic climate evolution. Some key points:
- The project recovered a 3.6 million year continuous sediment record from a meteorite impact crater lake, the most continuous terrestrial record in the Arctic.
- Preliminary results show periods of sustained summer warming around 15-16°C during the mid-Pliocene with 3 times more precipitation than today.
- Evidence was also found of 17 interglacial periods in the Arctic that could be linked to times of Antarctic ice retreat.
- The transition from a warm, forested Arctic to glacial onset between 2.4-2
Csd Workshop
This document summarizes a June 2010 workshop on scientific drilling projects. It discusses proper protocols for core handling, description, archiving, and sharing of cores and data. The workshop covered topics such as core handling at drill sites and during initial description, sampling cores, sharing information among research groups, archiving cores and data, and sharing cores and samples. It emphasized the importance of planning, communication between scientists and drillers, preventing degradation during shipping, proper labeling, and metadata capture.
Csd Workshop
This document summarizes a June 2010 workshop on scientific drilling projects. It discusses proper protocols for core handling, description, archiving, and sharing of samples and data. The workshop covered topics such as core handling at drill sites and during transport, initial core description, sampling, capturing metadata, and curating cores and associated data in archives for future sharing and research. Effective communication and coordination between scientists and drillers during fieldwork was emphasized.
Burns presentation
This document discusses the Earth's climate system, including its components such as external forcings from the sun and volcanoes, internal forcings from greenhouse gases, and feedback loops. It notes the greenhouse effect keeps Earth habitable and examines the climate system through time, including natural variations like El Nino that can cause droughts or floods in different regions. Graphs show Earth's energy balance, the radiation budget at different latitudes, and reconstructed global temperatures over thousands of years.
Sb lakes intro pt1
This document provides an overview of major lake types and how lakes can serve as archives of environmental change. It discusses volcanic, tectonic, and glacial lakes as the primary lake origins. It then explains how lakes record climate and environmental changes through responses in their physical, biological, and chemical properties over time, as seen in sediments, biota, and isotopic signatures. Specific examples demonstrate how paleoclimate reconstructions can be developed by analyzing changes in lake sediments, pollen, diatoms, ostracodes, chironomids, and other biological indicators.
RyanMarchettiAOSSVideoSolution1
The polar jet stream is stronger in winter than summer because temperature differences between the poles and equator are greater in winter, resulting in stronger pressure gradients and faster winds in the upper atmosphere. The document discusses the polar jet stream and compares its strength in winter versus summer, noting it is an important factor in weather patterns.
Jet Stream Analysis Spring 2014
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Rj big data_breakfast_club_jet_stream_rev0
The Jet Stream Methodology combines search, social, and content data to develop engagement programs. It builds profiles from key search phrases, social mentions, and owned content across different levels from base to niche to industry. Mapping this data identifies gaps to create actionable insights. Search defines language, social defines community, and content defines engagement. The methodology predicts opportunities by analyzing relationships between search and sales, social and satisfaction, and content and communications.
Jet stream
It contains:
Causes of Jet Stream
Affects of Jet Stream
Affect on Indian Climate
Facts about jet stream
Climate
The Indian monsoon is influenced by several geographic factors, including latitude, altitude, proximity to oceans, ocean currents, and the differential heating of land and water masses. This creates low pressure over land areas and high pressure over seas during the day that reverses at night. The shifting position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and monsoon trough also impact rainfall patterns. Rainy spells are interrupted by dry breaks as the monsoon trough moves, creating unpredictability that can disturb agricultural schedules. The monsoon lasts from June to September, bringing southwest winds from warm southern oceans and seas to India.
Workshop Intro
This document provides information about a teachers workshop focused on communicating scientific principles around climate change and geological systems using the example of Lake El'gygytgyn in Russia. The workshop aims to show how curiosity-driven science is practical, communicate the sense of time in geological systems, and show how local climate change is linked globally. It discusses using geological records to understand past climate changes and use as a baseline for future changes. Key topics covered include teleconnections between distant places, environmental time lags, causality across large distances, and cycles in geological systems. It also summarizes recent reports on climate change from the IPCC and National Climate Assessment.
Relative Dating
This document discusses methods for determining the relative and absolute ages of geologic features and events. It introduces the principles of superposition, original horizontality, cross-cutting relationships, and inclusions which allow geologists to determine the relative sequence of rock layers and events. Absolute dating techniques including radiometric dating are also summarized, where the decay of radioactive isotopes allows the calculation of numeric ages. Examples are provided to illustrate applications of these dating principles to interpret geologic history.
Initial core descript teachers
The document provides an introduction to making physical observations and documenting stratigraphic sequences from sediment cores. It discusses the importance of studying lake sediments as archives of environmental and climate change over various timescales. Key points covered include developing standardized approaches to describing sediment textures, structures, and facies; using tools like magnetic susceptibility, x-rays, and image analysis to aid analysis; and asking scientific questions to drive the analysis of cores and development of paleoclimate proxies.
Js diatom amherst 2014
Diatoms are unicellular algae with siliceous cell walls that are widely distributed in both marine and freshwater environments. They can be found as plankton in open water or attached to surfaces as periphyton. The document discusses diatom biology, taxonomy, and their use in paleoclimate reconstruction by analyzing fossil diatom assemblages in sediment cores. Diatoms are sensitive to various environmental factors like salinity, temperature, and nutrients, which allows their fossil remains to provide information about past climate conditions through the use of transfer functions.
Jet Stream, Convection Currents & Global Winds
Jet streams are fast-moving bands of air found in the atmosphere of some planets including Earth. They typically have changing shapes and can reach speeds of 275 mph. The strongest jet streams on Earth are the polar and subtropical jets between 7-16 km above sea level. Jet streams influence weather by carrying air masses and storms along their paths and shifting weather patterns as they move north or south. Global wind patterns also influence weather systems as hurricanes and other storms move from east to west or vice versa depending on their location. Convection in the atmosphere involves warm air near the equator rising and cool air sinking, driving global wind circulation between the poles and equator.
Geography; Jet Streams and Ocean Currents
Jet streams and ocean currents were discussed. Jet streams are fast flowing air currents found near the transition between the troposphere and stratosphere, and are caused by the planet's rotation and atmospheric heating. The main jet streams on Earth flow west to east. Ocean currents are directed movements of ocean water generated by various forces, and can flow for great distances, influencing climate patterns. Examples given were the Gulf Stream making Northwest Europe warmer, and the Humboldt Current cooling Peru.
7
This chapter discusses air masses and weather systems. It describes the major air masses that affect weather in different regions, including maritime tropical (mT), continental polar (cP), and continental arctic (cA). Fronts are boundaries between differing air masses, such as cold fronts and warm fronts. Mid-latitude cyclones form in zones of clash between polar and subtropical air masses, bringing variable weather. Other atmospheric disturbances discussed include hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornadoes, blizzards, and tropical waves. Modern weather forecasting utilizes Doppler radar, satellites, and high-speed computing.
Pg class27-midlat cyclones and anti, hurricanes
This document discusses various atmospheric disturbances including midlatitude cyclones and anticyclones, tropical disturbances such as easterly waves and hurricanes, and localized severe weather like thunderstorms and tornadoes. Midlatitude cyclones form between 35-70 degrees latitude and drive weather patterns in midlatitudes through converging counterclockwise winds. Hurricanes are strong tropical cyclones that require warm ocean waters and can cause catastrophic wind and storm surge flooding damage. Thunderstorms, lightning, and tornadoes are examples of localized severe weather phenomena.
Lecture13 oct23-bb(1)
1) The document discusses general circulation patterns like the Hadley cell and polar cell. It also covers jet streams like the polar jet and subtropical jet.
2) El Nino and La Nina events are described as being related to changes in ocean temperatures and atmospheric circulation in the Pacific. During El Nino, warm water shifts eastward.
3) The impacts of El Nino include changes to weather worldwide through teleconnections. The Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) is used to define El Nino and La Nina thresholds.
Monsoon Winds
This presentation have all what you need to present about Monsoon winds, even it's types.
If you want to learn geophysics/geology
visit my blog
http://geophysicsdiary.blogspot.com/
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Js Arctic Amplification and the Jet Stream
Climate change co2 or crop irrigation
Describes latest observations of climate by satellites and ground stations and assesses them relative to the possible causes of 'greenhouse gases', world energy use, and latent heat transfer by crop irrigation.
Climate Change and Wilderness - A Scottish Perspective
The document discusses the impacts of climate change from a Scottish perspective. It notes that the effects of releasing fossil fuel CO2 into the atmosphere will persist for hundreds of thousands of years. Comparison of modern temperatures with paleoclimate data suggests the planet is currently at its warmest in the past one million years, constituting dangerous climate change. The impacts of climate change are already being observed globally through rising temperatures and sea levels as well as decreasing snowfall.
Reexamining future projections of Arctic climate linkages
10 May 2024…
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Student/Postdoc Seminar (Presentation): Reexamining future projections of Arctic climate linkages, Princeton University, USA.
References...
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2018), Contributions of ice thickness to the atmospheric response from projected Arctic sea ice loss,
Geophysical Research Letters, DOI:10.1029/2018GL078158
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2019). The effect of QBO phase on the atmospheric response to projected Arctic sea ice loss in early winter, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI:10.1029/2019GL083095
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2020). Warm Arctic, cold Siberia pattern: role of full Arctic amplification versus sea ice loss alone, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI:10.1029/2020GL088583
Labe, Z.M., May 2020: The effects of Arctic sea-ice thickness loss and stratospheric variability on mid-latitude cold spells. University of California, Irvine. Doctoral Dissertation.
Peings, Y., Z.M. Labe, and G. Magnusdottir (2021), Are 100 ensemble members enough to capture the remote atmospheric response to +2°C Arctic sea ice loss? Journal of Climate, DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0613.1
Rising Seas & Solutions
The year 2014 tied with 2010 as the warmest year on record for the last century. The melting of Greenland, mountain glaciers, and thermal expansion is raising sea levels four times faster than in 1900. Sea level rises of 2 to 6 feet are predicted by the end of the century. Flood highs from hurricanes Sandy and Katrina were ~ 10 feet.
The article “Treading Water” in the February 2015 "National Geographic" tells how Dutch Docklands LLC sees profit not loss from rising sea levels. They are building floating homes in Miami, FL. A floating classroom could assure ASPEC’s long-term future. It would provide a place to meet in the event of flooding by the 10-foot ocean surges that accompany hurricanes.
Dr. Carr describes how increasing greenhouse gases, mostly carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels, trap the radiation that is warming our planet. Advances in non-carbon emitting energy sources can reduce global warming. Solar PV panels are now generating electricity at $0.07/kWhr, less than the national utility average of $0.12kWhr. Rising sea levels are a better measure of global warming than atmospheric temperature, as 90% of our planet’s heat content is in our oceans.
You can learn more at www.RiskyBusiness.org.
Guest Lecture: Our changing Arctic in the past and future
22 August 2023…
Guest lecture for “Introduction to Global Climate Change (ESS 15)” (Invited): Our changing Arctic in the past and future, University of California, Irvine, CA. Remote Presentation.
References...
Delworth, T. L., Cooke, W. F., Adcroft, A., Bushuk, M., Chen, J. H., Dunne, K. A., ... & Zhao, M. (2020). SPEAR: The next generation GFDL modeling system for seasonal to multidecadal prediction and projection. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(3), e2019MS001895, https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019MS001895
Labe, Z.M. and E.A. Barnes (2022), Comparison of climate model large ensembles with observations in the Arctic using simple neural networks. Earth and Space Science, DOI:10.1029/2022EA002348, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EA002348
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2020). Warm Arctic, cold Siberia pattern: role of full Arctic amplification versus sea ice loss alone, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI:10.1029/2020GL088583, https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020GL088583
16.pdf
This document summarizes a lecture on trends in atmospheric density in geospace due to changes in solar activity and greenhouse gas emissions. It discusses how increased CO2 and solar EUV radiation decrease thermospheric temperatures and densities over time. Models predict a 17% decrease in density at 400km between 2000-2020, and that density could drop to 20% of 2000 levels by 2095 under a high emissions scenario. Satellite data and models show density decreasing 5-12% per decade. In summary, the lecture examines how solar and climate factors impact density in Earth's upper atmosphere.
Revisiting projections of Arctic climate change linkages
16 November 2023…
Department Seminar (Presentation): Revisiting projections of Arctic climate change linkages, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. Remote Presentation.
References:
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2018), Contributions of ice thickness to the atmospheric response from projected Arctic sea ice loss, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI: 10.1029/2018GL078158
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2019). The effect of QBO phase on the atmospheric response to projected Arctic sea ice loss in early winter, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI: 10.1029/2019GL083095
Labe, Z.M., Y. Peings, and G. Magnusdottir (2020). Warm Arctic, cold Siberia pattern: role of full Arctic amplification versus sea ice loss alone, Geophysical Research Letters, DOI: 10.1029/2020GL088583
Peings, Y., Z.M. Labe, and G. Magnusdottir (2021), Are 100 ensemble members enough to capture the remote atmospheric response to +2°C Arctic sea ice loss?
Journal of Climate, DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0613.1
Labe, Z.M. and E.A. Barnes (2022), Comparison of climate model large ensembles with observations in the Arctic using simple neural networks. Earth and Space Science, DOI: 10.1029/2022EA002348
Climate Change in the Arctic
The document discusses climate change in the Arctic. It notes that the Arctic is warming faster than the rest of the globe, with sea ice extent and thickness declining significantly. Climate models project that Arctic warming and sea ice loss will continue through the 21st century. Improving observations and models can help reduce uncertainties about future climate impacts in the Arctic and how changes may influence remote weather patterns. Action is needed to reduce emissions and limit global temperature rise in order to prevent the worst effects of climate change in the Arctic.
Climate Change Effects -- Grand Junction
From our climate panel in Grand Junction on August 4:
Our Forest, Our Water, Our Land: Local Impacts on Climate Change. Sponsored by Conservation Colorado, Mesa County Library, Math & Science Center
Climate Change and CCS
Climate change and carbon dioxide capture and sequestration (CCS) and current initiatives in the Canadian energy industry.
Co2 and climate change
Climate change discussion and various scientific viewpoints weave a matrix of knowledge in an incredibly complex global environment. Carbon dioxide sequestration is part of the matrix of environmental solutions that will accelerate our ability to develop and deploy green renewable energy.
Climate Change - by the Numbers
The document discusses the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and global warming based on scientific data and models. It summarizes that carbon emissions can reliably predict increases in atmospheric CO2 levels, which can then be used to model radiative forcing and projected temperature increases. Feedback loops may accelerate warming beyond current predictions. The Arctic and Greenland are already experiencing significant impacts like sea ice loss and melting.
Arctic climate change through the lens of data visualization
The document discusses climate change in the Arctic through data visualization. It notes that Arctic temperatures are rising more than 3 times faster than the global average. Sea ice extent is declining at a rate of nearly 0.8 million km2 per decade. Future projections show continued sea ice loss and Arctic warming, which could influence weather patterns in mid-latitudes through impacts on jet streams and storm tracks. Improved understanding of these connections and their dependence on factors like the quasi-biennial oscillation could help constrain predictions. Data visualization is presented as an important tool for communicating climate science.
Weather and Climate Change
Basic Science of Climate Change. Presentation given for a group of Road Scholars at the Adobe Resort in Yachats, Oregon.
Climte change and modelling
The document discusses climate change and its causes, impacts, and potential solutions. It describes climate change as one of the most difficult scientific problems that draws on many disciplines. It also notes that climate science predictions require understanding economics, politics, and human psychology. The document then provides details on the composition and layers of the atmosphere, greenhouse gases, and factors that influence Earth's climate such as solar activity, volcanic eruptions, and orbital variations. It discusses evidence of past climate change from ice cores and sediments and compares current warming rates to natural rates. The document also summarizes climate modeling results showing risks of increased temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, extreme weather, and sea level rise by 2100 under emissions scenarios. Adaptation strategies discussed include urban
Webinar - A Plan for Powering the World for all Purposes With Wind, Water, an...
This talk discusses a plan to power 100% of the world’s energy for all purposes with wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) within the next 20-40 years. The talk starts by reviewing and ranking major proposed energy-related solutions to global warming, air pollution mortality, and energy security while considering other impacts of the proposed solutions, such as on water supply, land use, resource availability, reliability, wildlife, and catastrophic risk. It then evaluates a scenario for powering the world on the energy options determined to be the best while also considering materials, transmission infrastructure, costs, and politics. The study concludes that powering the world with wind, water, and solar technologies, which are found to be the best when all factors are considered, is technically feasible but politically challenging.
Mark Z. Jacobson Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University. Jacobson is Director of the Atmosphere/Energy Program and Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Stanford University. He is also a Courtesy Professor of Energy Resources Engineering, Senior Fellow of the Woods Institute for the Environment, and Senior Fellow of the Precourt Institute.
Dryden2011Poster
The document summarizes information about water vapor in Earth's atmosphere and its impact on infrared astronomy observations from airborne observatories like SOFIA. It discusses how most water vapor is contained below the troposphere. Weather balloon data and atmospheric models are used to calculate water vapor loading at different altitudes and locations to help determine SOFIA's optimal flight paths for observations. The document presents results comparing water vapor loading estimates from the GEOS-5 atmospheric model to actual sounding data from Wyoming at altitudes of 11.5 km, 13.1 km, and above SOFIA's flying range.
Understanding wind power made easy
Wind turbines, like aircraft propeller blades, turn in the moving air and power an electric generator that supplies an electric current. Simply stated, a wind turbine is the opposite of a fan. Instead of using electricity to make wind, like a fan, wind turbines use wind to make electricity. The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity.
Wind Turbine Types
Modern wind turbines fall into two basic groups; the horizontal-axis variety, like the traditional farm windmills used for pumping water, and the vertical-axis design, like the eggbeater-style Darrieus model, named after its French inventor. Most large modern wind turbines are horizontal-axis turbines.
Turbine Components
Horizontal turbine components include:
blade or rotor, which converts the energy in the wind to rotational shaft energy;
a drive train, usually including a gearbox and a generator;
a tower that supports the rotor and drive train; and
other equipment, including controls, electrical cables, ground support equipment, and interconnection equipment.
Power generation from wind has emerged as one of the most rapidly growing renewable energy technologies. The estimated power generation capacity in India through wind is about 45,000 MW. The installed capacity is about 1,870 MW, which is about 4% of the total estimated potential.
Globally, wind generation capacity has increased by 27% in the year 2002 and is expected to expand 15 – fold in the next 20 years. Wind energy technologies have matured and large capacity wind turbines in the range of 1.25 to 1.65 MW are now being manufactured in India. The productivity of larger capacity machines is higher than that of smaller machines. Minimum wind velocity required for power generation is about 2.5 m/s and the maximum could be 30 m/s.
Energy generation for 1 MW turbine could be about 28 to 30 lakhs units per year, with a plant load factor of 25 to 30% Among the different renewable energy sources, wind energy is currently making a significant contribution to the installed capacity of power generation, and is emerging as a competitive option. The programme covers research and development, survey and assessment of wind resources, implementation of demonstration and private sector projects and promotional policies. As a result, India, with an installed capacity of about 3000 MW, ranks fifth in the world after Germany, USA, Spain and Denmark in wind power generation.
Small wind energy systems, namely water pumping windmills, aero generators and wind-solar hybrid systems can also be used for harnessing wind power potential, in addition to the large capacity wind turbines. These systems have been found to be very useful for meeting water pumping and small power requirements in decentralised mode in rural and remote windy areas of the country, which are un-electrified or have intermittent electric supply.
Can Technology Save Our Environment? 4. Data Supporting Anthropogenic Global ...
Our burning of fossil fuels in increasing the rate of CO2 rise 300 times faster than natural effects.
CLIMATE CHANGE, SEA-LEVEL RISE and COASTAL GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
CLIMATE CHANGE, SEA-LEVEL RISE
and
COASTAL GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
URI Climate Change Symposium
5 May 2011
Jon C. Boothroyd
Rhode Island State Geologist,
Research Professor Emeritus – Quaternary Geology
-------------
Rhode Island Geological Survey and Department of Geosciences
College of the Environment and Life Sciences
University of Rhode Island
jon_boothroyd@uri.edu
Similar to Js Arctic Amplification and the Jet Stream (20)
Climate Change and Wilderness - A Scottish Perspective
Climate Change and Wilderness - A Scottish Perspective
Reexamining future projections of Arctic climate linkages
Reexamining future projections of Arctic climate linkages
Guest Lecture: Our changing Arctic in the past and future
Guest Lecture: Our changing Arctic in the past and future
Revisiting projections of Arctic climate change linkages
Revisiting projections of Arctic climate change linkages
Arctic climate change through the lens of data visualization
Arctic climate change through the lens of data visualization
Webinar - A Plan for Powering the World for all Purposes With Wind, Water, an...
Webinar - A Plan for Powering the World for all Purposes With Wind, Water, an...
Can Technology Save Our Environment? 4. Data Supporting Anthropogenic Global ...
Can Technology Save Our Environment? 4. Data Supporting Anthropogenic Global ...
CLIMATE CHANGE, SEA-LEVEL RISE and COASTAL GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
CLIMATE CHANGE, SEA-LEVEL RISE and COASTAL GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
Recently uploaded
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdPCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Recently uploaded (20)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Js Arctic Amplification and the Jet Stream
- 1. Connecting the Arctic to your backyard Polar amplification and the jet stream
- 2. New England Climate Here’s the plan.
- 3. 2000-2009 anomaly w/r/t 1951-1980 mean NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Polar Amplification. The What.
- 4. Polar Amplification. The Why.
- 5. Polar Amplification. The Why. 1979-2000 median extent
- 6. Polar Amplification. The Why.
- 7. Polar Amplification. The Future. http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/our-changing-climate/melting-ice
- 8. Polar Amplification. The Future.
- 9. New England Climate Here’s the plan.
- 10. The Jet Stream. Simplified.
- 15. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center The Jet Stream in reality
- 16. The Jet Stream & Arctic Amplification.
- 17. The Jet Stream & Arctic Amplification.
- 18. The Jet Stream & Arctic Amplification.
- 19. The Jet Stream & Arctic Amplification.
- 20. The Jet Stream & Arctic Amplification.
- 21. source: National Climate Assessment 2014 data set: Global Historical Climatology Network - Daily It’s already raining more.
- 22. Rawlins, GRL, 2012 Future – warmer winters.
- 23. Rawlins, GRL, 2012 Future – wetter winters.
- 24. In summary. 1. Loss of Arctic sea ice and snow cover 2. Decrease in Equator to Pole temperature gradient 3. More N-S movement in JS 4. Warmer, wetter winters 5. More extreme and longer lasting events
- 25. Connecting the Arctic to your backyard Polar amplification and the jet stream
Editor's Notes
- Goal is to make the stuff we’ve been talking about all week, and the work we’ve been doing on Lake E, real in a local sense. The past is the key to the future. How does what is happening today in the Arctic affect MA and New England and what does that mean for the future?
- First we’ll go over arctic amplification, what it is, what we think is causing it. Then I’ll introduce the Jet Stream, what it is and what causes it and variations in it. And then we’ll look at the whole system under current and future Arctic amplifications.
- The Arctic is warming nearly twice as fast as the rest of the planet
- Drastic and unforeseen decreases in sea ice. Plot doesn’t show 2012 which was the new minimum with less than 4 million sq kilometers.
- Sea ice minimum for Sept 2011 Albedo and positive feedback. 50% of the area that was covered with bright reflective ice and snow at this time of year is now dark heat absorbing water. And this heat is reemitted into the Arctic.
- Similar thing happening with snow cover. With dark ground replacing snow.
- We are consistently worse than the worst case scenario and may be ice free in 35 years
- Polar amplification is a robust feature of the Earth’s climate system and may lead to 8C temp increase in the Arctic effectively decreasing the temperature gradient between the EQ, where most of the heat comes into the system, and the poles, where most of it leaves.
- So that’s Arctic amplification. Now what about the Jet Stream.
- Simplified cartoon showing migration of the JS between seasons. Winds and storms move W to E, but there is also a n to S component to the flow because of planetary waves, called Rossby Waves, set up by the atmospheric dynamics involved with moving fluids on a rotating sphere.
- Simple 2 cell system on a non-rotating sphere leads to heat migrating toward the poles in a straight line
- More realistic 4 cell system on a rotating sphere leads to easterlies (like the trade winds) and westerlies (like those that dominate our weather). Where warm air from the subtropics (subtropical HIGH) meets cold air from the Arctic (subpolar LOW) a large pressure gradient can exist leading to very strong westerly winds due to the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis Effect.
- This is the Jet Stream and it itself generally migrates from W to E along Rossy Waves discussed earlier.
- Look for E – W and N – S components of both winds and the JS itself. Note how sometimes it’s more E-W and at others more N-S. Very dynamic system that is impacted by things we’re not covering today. But the basic story is there.
- So what does Arctic amplification do to the JS?