Manufacturing sales and trends for Canada - September 2016paul young cpa, cga
This presentation will look at the manufacturing trends for Canada. The presentation will look at areas like energy, forestry, transportation equipment, food processing and metal fabrication sector.
Presented by Nicolai Zarganis, Head of Division, Danish Energy Authority, denmark, at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Copenhagen, Denmark on 19 April 2006.
This webinar covers the most recent findings from IEA’s Energy Efficiency Market Report 2018, featuring the Efficiency World Scenario, the Efficient World Strategy, and a special focus on Brazil and Mexico. It includes a discussion on the current rate of progress on improving energy efficiency, as well as historic and current trends. The webinar was organised in cooperation with the Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME), Energy Research Office (EPE) and the Mexican Ministry of Energy (SENER), and presented by Joe Ritchie and Edith Bayer.
Manufacturing sales and trends for Canada - September 2016paul young cpa, cga
This presentation will look at the manufacturing trends for Canada. The presentation will look at areas like energy, forestry, transportation equipment, food processing and metal fabrication sector.
Presented by Nicolai Zarganis, Head of Division, Danish Energy Authority, denmark, at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Copenhagen, Denmark on 19 April 2006.
This webinar covers the most recent findings from IEA’s Energy Efficiency Market Report 2018, featuring the Efficiency World Scenario, the Efficient World Strategy, and a special focus on Brazil and Mexico. It includes a discussion on the current rate of progress on improving energy efficiency, as well as historic and current trends. The webinar was organised in cooperation with the Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME), Energy Research Office (EPE) and the Mexican Ministry of Energy (SENER), and presented by Joe Ritchie and Edith Bayer.
Slides presented at the Productivity Research Network meeting on 16th March 2018. Slides presented on decomposing labour productivity into contributions from industries and “reallocation” effects.
Using RegData to Answer Questions About RegulationMercatus Center
Nearly every congressional staffer deals with regulations in some capacity – to respond to constituent questions, to brief a member before a meeting, or to advise a member before a vote. To help understand which agency regulates which industries, how recent acts of Congress have affected the pace of rulemaking, and other questions about regulation, Patrick A. McLaughlin, Omar Al-Ubaydli, and the Mercatus Center at George Mason University developed RegData, an innovative way of measuring the size and scope of US federal regulations.
Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas IndustryMarcellus Drilling News
A study authored by the director of the labor education program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dr. Robert Bruno, titled "Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas Industry." The study looks at natural gas/Marcellus Shale employment data from 2008-2014 for parts of OH, PA, and WV. The study found that the number of jobs for electricians, plumbers, welders, equipment operators and laborers--skilled people who work with their hands--went through the roof because of the Marcellus Shale.
Automation Business Sees Beginnings of a Recovery in Third QuarterARC Advisory Group
Automation Business Sees Beginnings of a Recovery in Third Quarter
The automation market is on a path to recovery as seen in the financial results
of the suppliers combined with the results of demand side
macroeconomic statistics in the third quarter of 2003. Suppliers reported
improved financial results in their automation
businesses and users reported increased productivity
and heightened demand. The recovery seems
to be gaining momentum into the fourth quarter
with the announcements of even greater improvements
in demand and productivity and sustained
growth in China. Key indicators such as capacity
utilization, however, remain static, and capital
spending continues to be constrained. Total automation market revenue
growth among our pool of publicly traded suppliers was 2.1 percent in Q3
2003 versus the same period in 2002. On an industry-by-industry basis, the
highest growth remains concentrated in hybrid manufacturing businesses
such as pharmaceuticals and food & beverage.
The AFS provides information on selected income and expenditure items, capital expenditure on new and existing assets and the book value of fixed and intangible assets. Read more here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=1854&PPN=P0021&SCH=7131
There are two viable options of transition to the resource-efficient model:
Option 1 – phased: increase in extraction of energy resources by 1% before 2020, and by 2% after 2020, while reducing energy intensity down to 40% by 2030.
Option 2 – fast-track: growth in extraction of energy resources by 1-2% until 2020 and by 2-3% after 2020, combined with reduction of energy intensity by 2.3-fold until 2030.
Douglas Sutherland - Spatial mobility of workers – Evidence from the United S...OECD CFE
Presentation by Douglas Sutherland at the OECD Workshop on Spatial Dimensions of Productivity, 28-29 March 2019, Bolzano.
More info: https://oe.cd/GFPBolzano2019
World Resources Institute hosted a launch event on 21 November 2014 for two new Greenhouse Gas Protocol Standards to inform government climate change strategies.
Building on previous GHG Protocol standards, the Policy and Action Standard helps evaluate the effectiveness of specific policies or measures in achieving greenhouse gas emissions reductions, empowering policymakers and analysts to better assess and communicate their progress. The Mitigation Goal Standard takes a bigger picture view, enabling governments to determine their emissions trajectory and whether their policy portfolio aligns with reaching their climate goals. Both standards are applicable for all levels of government.
Find out more at http://www.wri.org/events/2014/11/launch-and-training-workshop-greenhouse-gas-protocol
A detailed presentation on the index of industrial production (iip) covering topics like its importance & interpretation, trends, its impact on GDP, covid scenario, interest rate, stock market, and challenges.
Slides presented at the Productivity Research Network meeting on 16th March 2018. Slides presented on decomposing labour productivity into contributions from industries and “reallocation” effects.
Using RegData to Answer Questions About RegulationMercatus Center
Nearly every congressional staffer deals with regulations in some capacity – to respond to constituent questions, to brief a member before a meeting, or to advise a member before a vote. To help understand which agency regulates which industries, how recent acts of Congress have affected the pace of rulemaking, and other questions about regulation, Patrick A. McLaughlin, Omar Al-Ubaydli, and the Mercatus Center at George Mason University developed RegData, an innovative way of measuring the size and scope of US federal regulations.
Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas IndustryMarcellus Drilling News
A study authored by the director of the labor education program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dr. Robert Bruno, titled "Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas Industry." The study looks at natural gas/Marcellus Shale employment data from 2008-2014 for parts of OH, PA, and WV. The study found that the number of jobs for electricians, plumbers, welders, equipment operators and laborers--skilled people who work with their hands--went through the roof because of the Marcellus Shale.
Automation Business Sees Beginnings of a Recovery in Third QuarterARC Advisory Group
Automation Business Sees Beginnings of a Recovery in Third Quarter
The automation market is on a path to recovery as seen in the financial results
of the suppliers combined with the results of demand side
macroeconomic statistics in the third quarter of 2003. Suppliers reported
improved financial results in their automation
businesses and users reported increased productivity
and heightened demand. The recovery seems
to be gaining momentum into the fourth quarter
with the announcements of even greater improvements
in demand and productivity and sustained
growth in China. Key indicators such as capacity
utilization, however, remain static, and capital
spending continues to be constrained. Total automation market revenue
growth among our pool of publicly traded suppliers was 2.1 percent in Q3
2003 versus the same period in 2002. On an industry-by-industry basis, the
highest growth remains concentrated in hybrid manufacturing businesses
such as pharmaceuticals and food & beverage.
The AFS provides information on selected income and expenditure items, capital expenditure on new and existing assets and the book value of fixed and intangible assets. Read more here: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=1854&PPN=P0021&SCH=7131
There are two viable options of transition to the resource-efficient model:
Option 1 – phased: increase in extraction of energy resources by 1% before 2020, and by 2% after 2020, while reducing energy intensity down to 40% by 2030.
Option 2 – fast-track: growth in extraction of energy resources by 1-2% until 2020 and by 2-3% after 2020, combined with reduction of energy intensity by 2.3-fold until 2030.
Douglas Sutherland - Spatial mobility of workers – Evidence from the United S...OECD CFE
Presentation by Douglas Sutherland at the OECD Workshop on Spatial Dimensions of Productivity, 28-29 March 2019, Bolzano.
More info: https://oe.cd/GFPBolzano2019
World Resources Institute hosted a launch event on 21 November 2014 for two new Greenhouse Gas Protocol Standards to inform government climate change strategies.
Building on previous GHG Protocol standards, the Policy and Action Standard helps evaluate the effectiveness of specific policies or measures in achieving greenhouse gas emissions reductions, empowering policymakers and analysts to better assess and communicate their progress. The Mitigation Goal Standard takes a bigger picture view, enabling governments to determine their emissions trajectory and whether their policy portfolio aligns with reaching their climate goals. Both standards are applicable for all levels of government.
Find out more at http://www.wri.org/events/2014/11/launch-and-training-workshop-greenhouse-gas-protocol
A detailed presentation on the index of industrial production (iip) covering topics like its importance & interpretation, trends, its impact on GDP, covid scenario, interest rate, stock market, and challenges.
Green Talks LIVE | International Trade and the Circular EconomyOECD Environment
A circular economy aims to transform the current linear economy into a circular model to reduce consumption of finite material resources by recovering materials from waste streams for recycling or reuse, using products longer, and exploiting the potential of the sharing and services economy. Circular economy policies and initiatives largely take place domestically at the national or regional level. However, they have important interlinkages with international trade.
International trade plays an important role in circular supply chains in materials and products, end-of-life value chains in waste and scrap, secondary raw materials and second-hand goods. In this light, how can trade contribute to a more resource efficient and circular economy? How would the circular economy transition have an impact on global trade patterns? And in what ways can we secure coherence in these two policy areas?
On 25 March 2021, Shunta Yamaguchi, Rob Dellink and Elisa Lanzi of the OECD Environment Directorate discussed the role of international trade in the transition to a resource efficient and circular economy during an OECD Green Talks LIVE webinar. The presentation highlights findings from a series of recent OECD reports, including: "The consequences of a more resource efficient and circular economy for international trade patterns" and "International trade and circular economy: Policy alignment".
The replay of the event can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/37slq02rf2k
his webinar presented the most recent findings from IEA’s Energy Efficiency Market Report 2018, featuring:
- The Efficient World Scenario: What would happen by 2040 if countries realised all the economically viable energy efficiency potential that is available today?
- The Efficient World Strategy: The policies, technologies and strategies for achieving an Efficient World exist today. Global experiences point the way.
- Special focus on South Africa and other emerging economies: highlights, progress, and potential.
- Findings on the current rate of progress on improving energy efficiency, and historic and current trends.
The webinar was organised by the South African Department of Energy’s Energy Efficiency Initiatives Directorate and the International Energy Agency, and is presented by Joe Ritchie, Energy Policy Analyst at the IEA and report coordinator.
Expert workshop on the creation and uses of combined environmental and economic performance datasets at the micro-level - 10-11 July 2018 - OECD, Paris
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
Business and Sustainable Development - The Green Race is OnMichael Soron
Provided May 10, 2010 at Simon Fraser University by Bjorn Stigson, President of the World Business Council on Sustainable Development. (Recv'd via email distrubtion from SFU)
Bjorn Stigson's Presentation to the V100 Business ForumVenture Publishing
Bjorn Stigson is the president of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. This is the presentation he gave to the attendees of Alberta Venture's V100 Business Forum in Edmonton and Calgary, Alberta on Oct. 19-20.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Jobs Potential of a Transition to a Circular Economy - presentation by Eleonora Mavroeidi
1. JOBS POTENTIAL OF A
TRANSITION TO A
CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Eleonora Mavroeidi
Environment and Economy Integration Division
OECD Environment Directorate
WCEF Side event, 7 December 2020
2. This analysis focuses on the shift of labour
across sectors following the implementation of
Resources Efficient and CE policies.
Modelling tool: OECD’s ENV-Linkages
general equilibrium model
• 25 regions
• 56 sectors, including recycling and 8 metal
processing sectors
• 60 raw materials linked to economic activities
Recently published report on the labour
impact of circular economy policies
2
4. Business as usual projections
4
The global economy will triple by 2060 but global growth slows down
Material use is going to double, despite relative decoupling between growth and material use
Economic growth will be accompanied with mild employment growth, increases in labour
productivity, and expansion of service sectors
1.9%
1.2%
0.3%
0.4%
1.7%
3.9%
1.4%
0.2%
0.4%
3.1%
3.7%
2.7%
1.7%
1.6%
1.9%
3.0%
1.6%
0.8%
0.9%
1.7%
GDP GROWTH MATERIAL USE
GROWTH
EMPLOYMENT
GROWTH
POPULATION
GROWTH
LABOUR
PRODUCTIVITY
GROWTH
OECD BRIICS Rest of the World WORLD
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
Average annual growth rate (2017-2040)
5. Structural change shifts activity away from material
intensive sectors
Percentage changes in 2040 baseline projection relative to 2017 values, OECD.
5
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Employment Gross Output Average output growth
6. Labour implications of policies
to promote
Resource Efficiency and
Circular Economy transition
7. Instrument Description Global Targets (2040)
Material tax
Tax on primary
metals and non-
metallic minerals
• 10 $/t of iron ores
• 50 $/t of aluminium ores
• 20 $/t of copper ores
• 15 $/t of other metals ores
• 5 $/t of non-metallic minerals
Subsidy to
recycling good
Subsidy for
recycling input
uses
75% subsidy rate on the purchasing
price of the recycling commodity
Subsidy to
secondary metal
production
Production subsidy
to secondary metal
production
Subsidy on the producer (selling) price
of secondary metal - at level that
ensures the full package is revenue-
neutral (budget balance).
7
Material Fiscal Reform (MFR) scenario
• All these fiscal instruments are implemented from 2018 to gradually reach
their target in 2040.
• Government revenues from the material taxes are used to finance subsidies.
• Material taxes are differentiated across countries to take into account
existing royalties and taxes on mining sectors.
8. MFR is boosting resource efficiency and
employment gains seem possible
8
Percentage changes in 2040 compared to baseline
– range across aggregate country groups
Employment
0 to +0.1%
Metal use
-17 to -40%
GDP
0 to -0.4%
Minerals use
-4 to -12%
…
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
The policy is efficient relative to its ultimate goal (reducing
environmental damages associated to mineral production and use)
with very low economic cost and even some employment gains.
9. MFR implies small aggregate employment
impacts with larger job reallocation
• The impact of material tax policies on total employment is very limited
• Labour markets dynamic is characterized by shifts of employment across
sectors
• MFR implies large labour shifts across sectors for limited impacts on GDP
• The policy will result in: 10 million jobs creations, and 8 million jobs
destructions globally by 2040
9
Changes w.r.t baseline in 2040 as % of total employment.
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
Net
employment
growth
Job creations
Job
destructions
Total job
reallocation
OECD 0.05% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2%
BRIICS
0.05% 0.3% 0.3% 0.6%
Rest of the world 0.01% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4%
10. Differences across countries depending
on their economic structure
MFR scenario (percentage changes w.r.t baseline in 2040)
10
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
-1.0%
-0.8%
-0.6%
-0.4%
-0.2%
0.0%
0.2%
Canada
Chile
Mexico
USA
OECDEU17
OECDEU4
OtherOECDEurasia
AustraliaandNewZealand
Japan
Korea
Brazil
OtherLatinAmerica
Caspianregion
OtherEU
OtherEurope
Russia
MiddleEast
NorthAfrica
OtherAfrica
SouthAfrica
China
India
Indonesia
OtherASEAN
Othernon-OECDAsia
OECD
America
OECD
Europe
OECD
Pacific
Latin
America
Rest of Europe
and Asia
Middle East
& Africa
South and
South-East Asia
World
Employment GDP Material intensity
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
Employment/GDP
MaterialIntensity
11. -0.15%
-0.10%
-0.05%
0.00%
0.05%
0.10%
0.15%
2018 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Secondary based metals Recycling Other mining
Fossil extraction and transformation Chemicals Utilities
Construction Agriculture Fabricated Metal products
Machinery and equipment n.e.s. Non-metallic Minerals Primary based metals
Power generation Services Transport Equipment
Jobs shift towards less material intensive
sectors gradually
Changes w.r.t baseline as % of total baseline employment, 2018-2040
11
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
Services
Secondary metals
Construction
Minerals
Primary metals
12. • The projected employment effect of the policy action
(MFR) is well within the range suggested by the
literature.
• MFR implies 10 millions of job creations but also 8
millions of job destructions globally in 2040.
• Although the net impact on employment is small,
some sectors are heavily affected – both in terms
of job creations (e.g. secondary materials, recycling,
services, utilities) and job destructions (e.g. primary
materials, non-metallic materials, construction)
Summary of findings
12
13. To maintain public support throughout the transition
process towards a circular economy, it is important:
- To carefully study the sectoral shifts in the labour
market
- To acknowledge the positive and negative implications
that may arise
Policy actions that could help to mitigate some of these
side effects:
- Implement training policies to help workers reskill or
upskill to compete successfully for new jobs (e.g. jobs shift
from material intensive sectors to services).
- Investments in R&D and digitalization to mitigate the
cost of substituting primary materials.
Policy messages
13
15. • Global assessment (disaggregated to 12 large economies + 13 regions )
• 2060 time horizon
• 50+ economic sectors
• 60 materials
15
Overview of the articulation of models
and assumptions at OECD Environment Dir.
Multisectoral
model
ENV-Linkages
Material extraction data
Recycling technologies
data
Structural change
assumptions on demand
and production
Macro
model
ENV-Growth
Capital
accumulation
Total factor
productivity
Labour
Demographics
Economic
projections
Materials use
projections
Environmental
impacts
16. Sectoral Aggregation
Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Manufacturing
Paddy Rice Food Products
Wheat and Meslin Textiles
Other Grains Wood products
Vegetables and Fruits Chemicals
Oil Seeds Pulp, Paper and Publishing products
Sugar Cane and Sugar Beet Non-metallic Minerals
Fibres Plant Fabricated Metal products
Other Crops Electronics
Cattle and Raw Milk Motor Vehicles
Other Animal products Other Transport Equipment
Fisheries Other Machinery and Equipment
Forestry Recycling
Non-manufacturing Industries Iron and Steel - Primary
Coal extraction Iron and Steel – Secondary
Crude Oil extraction Aluminium – Primary
Natural Gas extraction Aluminium – Secondary
Other Mining Copper – Primary
Petroleum and Coal products Copper – Secondary
Gas distribution Other Non-ferrous Metals – Primary
Water Collection and Distribution Other Non-Ferrous metals – Secondary
Construction Other Manufacturing
Electricity Transmission and Distribution Services
Electricity Generation (8 technologies) Land Transport
Electricity generation: Nuclear Electricity; Hydro (and
Geothermal); Solar; Wind; Coal-powered electricity; Gas-
powered electricity; Oil-powered electricity; Other
(combustible renewable, waste, etc).
Air Transport
Water Transport
Business Services
Other Services (incl. Government)
17. BASELINE - Job creations in most sectors
across Non-OECD economies
Percentage changes in 2040 baseline projection relative to 2017 values.
18
-50%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
Employment Gross Output Average growth Linear (Average growth)
19. Non-OECD benefit from lower material costs
Non –OECD - Global variation in 2040 w.r.t. central baseline scenario
20
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Outputgrowth
Millionjobs
Employment Gross output
20. • Importers of raw materials benefit from lower input prices
• However, drop in OECD demand for primary metals, negatively affect
certain non-OECD economies (some Asian countries)
Partial implementation of MFR yields
leakages
-0.25%
-0.20%
-0.15%
-0.10%
-0.05%
0.00%
0.05%
0.10%
Canada
Chile
Mexico
USA
OECDEU17
OECDEU4
OtherOECDEurasia
AustraliaandNewZealand
Japan
Korea
Brazil
OtherLatinAmerica
Caspianregion
OtherEU
OtherEurope
Russia
MiddleEast
NorthAfrica
OtherAfrica
SouthAfrica
China
India
Indonesia
OtherASEAN
Othernon-OECDAsia
World
OECD
America
OECD
Europe
OECD
Pacific
Latin
America
Rest of Europe
and Asia
Middle East
& Africa
South and
South-East Asia
World
Employment Gross output
Changes w.r.t. baseline in 2040
Source: OECD ENV-Linkages Model
Editor's Notes
However, they miss the distributional aspects of a CE transition. Distributional aspects in transitions are key and employment implications of the circular economy transition are an important aspect to ensure a just transition.
The transition to CE implies structural changes (e.g. changes in production modes and demand patterns) that in turn would shift labour from material intensive sector to less material intensive sectors.
Subsequently, in addition to job creations, RE-CE transition may also affect jobs negatively in certain sectors. (for instance in extraction sectors and materials intensive sectors.)
It is thus important to study carefully the labour implications across sectors of a CE transition.
This analysis focuses on the implied structural changes and the subsequent shift of labour across
The first section of the paper describes the underlying trends in the absence of RE-CE policies
Jobs destructions in industrial sectors and job creations in services sectors across OECD economies
countries with large extraction sectors (Indonesia, Australia and New Zealand) face a larger number of job destructions compared to job creations
economies with manufacturing sectors that are also net importers of primary materials (Korea, Japan, China, USA, OECD EU 4), exhibit net employment gains
of magnitude 0.1% compared to baseline in 2040