1. The document describes a finite element analysis performed to optimize the design of steam turbine rotor grooves.
2. The analysis evaluated different fillet radii ranging from 13 to 50 mm to determine the maximum principal stress and stress concentration factor.
3. The optimal design was found to have a fillet radius of 40 mm, which reduced the stress concentration factor to 1.152 and deformation to 0.066121 mm.
Rotor is an very important part in the machines,especially in the rotating machines like gas and steam turbines. In this paper steam turbine rotor is analysed by using finite elements. In the complex systems, many of the engineering problems, it is difficult to solve the problem by closed form or exact solution method. Then we have to go for some numerical/approximate method for solving the problem. There are lot of numerical/approximate methods available.
Static Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod Using Finite Element ApproachIOSR Journals
Every vehicle which equipped with internal combustion engine requires connecting rod. In this paper a static stress analysis of connecting rod made up of SS 304 used in Cummins NTA 885 BC engine is conducted, using finite element method. After measuring the dimension of connecting rod, model is developed in CATIA V5 software and imported to ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.0 software. Static analysis is done by fixing the smaller end and load is applied at bigger end of connecting rod. Stress developed at four different sections is used for analysis. Maximum stress point and section prone to failure is finding out by this analysis. Graph between stress and load is plotted at section prone to failure and result of stress analysis is shown with the help of image.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
Analysis of Rack and Pinion under dynamic conditionsnagaraju kondrasi
Based on physical and thermal properties graphite cast iron has got more strength than sand cast Mg alloy and it is clear from the results that the load carrying capacity of former is larger than the later. Hence Graphite cast iron is preferred for the manufacture of rack and pinion.
In static structural analysis the total deformation and von - mises stresses are more in sand cast Mg alloy than graphite cast iron. Hence graphite cast iron has better strength than Sand cast Mg alloy.
In modal analysis the number mode shapes are higher for graphite cast iron than sand cast Mg alloy.
Under transient conditions the total deformation of Graphite CI is less than that of Sand cast mg alloy. Hence former is preferred under Transient conditions.
Under fatigue loads the damage is more in sand cast Mg alloy. Hence graphite CI is preferred for manufacturing of Rack and pinion.
Hence Keeping all the analysis in view the graphite cast iron is preferred over sand cast Mg alloy.
Rotor is an very important part in the machines,especially in the rotating machines like gas and steam turbines. In this paper steam turbine rotor is analysed by using finite elements. In the complex systems, many of the engineering problems, it is difficult to solve the problem by closed form or exact solution method. Then we have to go for some numerical/approximate method for solving the problem. There are lot of numerical/approximate methods available.
Static Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod Using Finite Element ApproachIOSR Journals
Every vehicle which equipped with internal combustion engine requires connecting rod. In this paper a static stress analysis of connecting rod made up of SS 304 used in Cummins NTA 885 BC engine is conducted, using finite element method. After measuring the dimension of connecting rod, model is developed in CATIA V5 software and imported to ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.0 software. Static analysis is done by fixing the smaller end and load is applied at bigger end of connecting rod. Stress developed at four different sections is used for analysis. Maximum stress point and section prone to failure is finding out by this analysis. Graph between stress and load is plotted at section prone to failure and result of stress analysis is shown with the help of image.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
Analysis of Rack and Pinion under dynamic conditionsnagaraju kondrasi
Based on physical and thermal properties graphite cast iron has got more strength than sand cast Mg alloy and it is clear from the results that the load carrying capacity of former is larger than the later. Hence Graphite cast iron is preferred for the manufacture of rack and pinion.
In static structural analysis the total deformation and von - mises stresses are more in sand cast Mg alloy than graphite cast iron. Hence graphite cast iron has better strength than Sand cast Mg alloy.
In modal analysis the number mode shapes are higher for graphite cast iron than sand cast Mg alloy.
Under transient conditions the total deformation of Graphite CI is less than that of Sand cast mg alloy. Hence former is preferred under Transient conditions.
Under fatigue loads the damage is more in sand cast Mg alloy. Hence graphite CI is preferred for manufacturing of Rack and pinion.
Hence Keeping all the analysis in view the graphite cast iron is preferred over sand cast Mg alloy.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Finite Element Analysis of Shaft of Centrifugal PumpIOSR Journals
Centrifugal pump is world one of the oldest water pumping devises. The current work deals study
Shaft of centrifugal pump for static and dynamic analysis. As we know rotodynamic machineries are designed
keenly as there is lot of fluctuation in the loads and speeds. The shaft is analyzed by using finite element analysis
technique for stresses and deflections. The total work is carried out in two stages first stage is static analysis. In
this stage pump shaft is analyzed for stresses and deflection and same results are verified using graphical
integration method. And second for dynamic analysis, in this stage result obtained by static analysis are used to
calculate dynamic forces coming in pump shaft. Again shaft is analyzed in dynamic input condition and results
are verified by using graphical integration method. The software used for the finite element meshing is
HYPERMESH and solver used is RADIOSS. Result values obtained for deflection and stresses are compared in
both cases. Result obtained by graphical method and FEA are nearly similar and are in acceptable limits.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Cyclic Life Establishment of First Stage Compressor Blade - Aircraft Jet EngineIJERA Editor
In this project an attempt is made to identify the cyclic life, modal efficacies for assessing the life that is declared
by the Original Engine Manufacturer. Using the Goodman diagram and knowing the mean stress of the blade for
all rpm conditions.
Modelling and analysis of single circular grooves made on dry friction clutcheseSAT Journals
Abstract
We all know that clutch is a machine member and is generally used for to engage and disengage the transmission and change the gear it connect the two shafts that is driving shaft to the driven shaft that’s why if there is starting or stop the driven shaft there will be with or without the stopping of the driving shaft. So in this paper we are going to modelling and analyzed the single circular grooves which are made on the friction disc. And also will take the result of the torque transmission capacity which will be produce at the single circular grooves disc. Here we are going to analyze over ansys and will take the model in catiav5.
EFFECTS OF TRANSIENT LOAD ONGASTURBINE BLADE STRESS AND FATIGUE LIFE CHARACTE...Barhm Mohamad
The turbine blade is the most important component in the jet engine gas turbine. The common fatigue
failures of the blade include the thermo-mechanical fatigue. Firstly, the finite element simulation of
the blade is carried out in the working condition including the centrifugal load and mechanical load.
The aim of this work was to develop and implement methods for the resource calculation of the jet
turbine blade in which fatigue zone were detected during the load. The approach is based on a directstep
simulation of the load point based on the finite-element method (FEM).According to the
simulation results of the thermos-mechanical load, the stress distribution of the blade body is
reasonable in the working condition load; the stress level on the blade suction surface is higher than
the pressure surface; in the blade body, the maximum Von Mises stress is 126 MPa, and the location
of the minimum fatigue life is close to the blade shroud. Above simulation results is very useful for
the structural design and fatigue experiment. Secondly, the stress and thermo-mechanical fatigue life
characteristic are both analyzed with ANSYS software. Through the transient structure stress analysis,
the stress-time history in the blade body is obtained; through the thermo-mechanical fatigue analysis,
the fatigue zone of the blade first appears in the middle of the blade exhaust side. Based on these
virtual results. These results are significant for the blade fatigue failure in the future.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
THERMAL & STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON DISC BRAKE ROTOR WITH DRAFTING USING CATIA ...NitinSuryawanshi12
Project consist of two types of analysis thermal , structural & VBA Programming.
Thermal analysis is done to check the thermal resistance of model Honda Unicorn 160.
Structural analysis is done to find the strength of the model.
VBA programming is used to automate drafting task.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF STEAM TURBINE BLADE AND SHAFT ASSEMBLYIjripublishers Ijri
rotary motion. A system of angled and shaped blades arranged on a rotor through which steam is passed to generate
rotational energy. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.
The blades are designed in such a way to produce maximum rotational energy by directing the flow of the steam along
its surface. The blades are made at specific angles in order to incorporate the net flow of steam over it in its favour.
The blades may be of stationary or fixed and rotary or moving types, and shaft is designed to work in extreme conditions,
hear it has to bear the temperature which is coming from the steam and loads (weight and centrifugal force) of
the blades assembly and other assembly parts.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Finite Element Analysis of Shaft of Centrifugal PumpIOSR Journals
Centrifugal pump is world one of the oldest water pumping devises. The current work deals study
Shaft of centrifugal pump for static and dynamic analysis. As we know rotodynamic machineries are designed
keenly as there is lot of fluctuation in the loads and speeds. The shaft is analyzed by using finite element analysis
technique for stresses and deflections. The total work is carried out in two stages first stage is static analysis. In
this stage pump shaft is analyzed for stresses and deflection and same results are verified using graphical
integration method. And second for dynamic analysis, in this stage result obtained by static analysis are used to
calculate dynamic forces coming in pump shaft. Again shaft is analyzed in dynamic input condition and results
are verified by using graphical integration method. The software used for the finite element meshing is
HYPERMESH and solver used is RADIOSS. Result values obtained for deflection and stresses are compared in
both cases. Result obtained by graphical method and FEA are nearly similar and are in acceptable limits.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Cyclic Life Establishment of First Stage Compressor Blade - Aircraft Jet EngineIJERA Editor
In this project an attempt is made to identify the cyclic life, modal efficacies for assessing the life that is declared
by the Original Engine Manufacturer. Using the Goodman diagram and knowing the mean stress of the blade for
all rpm conditions.
Modelling and analysis of single circular grooves made on dry friction clutcheseSAT Journals
Abstract
We all know that clutch is a machine member and is generally used for to engage and disengage the transmission and change the gear it connect the two shafts that is driving shaft to the driven shaft that’s why if there is starting or stop the driven shaft there will be with or without the stopping of the driving shaft. So in this paper we are going to modelling and analyzed the single circular grooves which are made on the friction disc. And also will take the result of the torque transmission capacity which will be produce at the single circular grooves disc. Here we are going to analyze over ansys and will take the model in catiav5.
EFFECTS OF TRANSIENT LOAD ONGASTURBINE BLADE STRESS AND FATIGUE LIFE CHARACTE...Barhm Mohamad
The turbine blade is the most important component in the jet engine gas turbine. The common fatigue
failures of the blade include the thermo-mechanical fatigue. Firstly, the finite element simulation of
the blade is carried out in the working condition including the centrifugal load and mechanical load.
The aim of this work was to develop and implement methods for the resource calculation of the jet
turbine blade in which fatigue zone were detected during the load. The approach is based on a directstep
simulation of the load point based on the finite-element method (FEM).According to the
simulation results of the thermos-mechanical load, the stress distribution of the blade body is
reasonable in the working condition load; the stress level on the blade suction surface is higher than
the pressure surface; in the blade body, the maximum Von Mises stress is 126 MPa, and the location
of the minimum fatigue life is close to the blade shroud. Above simulation results is very useful for
the structural design and fatigue experiment. Secondly, the stress and thermo-mechanical fatigue life
characteristic are both analyzed with ANSYS software. Through the transient structure stress analysis,
the stress-time history in the blade body is obtained; through the thermo-mechanical fatigue analysis,
the fatigue zone of the blade first appears in the middle of the blade exhaust side. Based on these
virtual results. These results are significant for the blade fatigue failure in the future.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
THERMAL & STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON DISC BRAKE ROTOR WITH DRAFTING USING CATIA ...NitinSuryawanshi12
Project consist of two types of analysis thermal , structural & VBA Programming.
Thermal analysis is done to check the thermal resistance of model Honda Unicorn 160.
Structural analysis is done to find the strength of the model.
VBA programming is used to automate drafting task.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF STEAM TURBINE BLADE AND SHAFT ASSEMBLYIjripublishers Ijri
rotary motion. A system of angled and shaped blades arranged on a rotor through which steam is passed to generate
rotational energy. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.
The blades are designed in such a way to produce maximum rotational energy by directing the flow of the steam along
its surface. The blades are made at specific angles in order to incorporate the net flow of steam over it in its favour.
The blades may be of stationary or fixed and rotary or moving types, and shaft is designed to work in extreme conditions,
hear it has to bear the temperature which is coming from the steam and loads (weight and centrifugal force) of
the blades assembly and other assembly parts.
ANALYSIS OF CNC LATHE SPINDLE FOR MAXIMUM CUTTING FORCE CONDITION AND BEARING...AM Publications
The present CNC machine structures consist of spindle system which plays a relating to the quality of the
final product and the overall productivity and efficiency of the machine tool itself. The spindle of a CNC lathe
machine, which is rotated by the main motor, holds the cutting tool, which cuts the work piece, so that the cutting
forces are generated which effects the spindle accuracy directly. The forces which are affecting the CNC machine tool
spindle are tangential force (Ft), feed force (Fc), radial force (Fr) and will be estimated. Based on maximum cutting
force incurred the analysis will be carried out. The main objective is to find the static, fatigue analysis of spindle
structure for maximum cutting force condition and predicting life of bearings. From static analysis stress and
deformation of the spindle can be found. Stress obtained from the stress analysis is less than the yield strength of the
material and deformation of the spindle is very less which can be neglected. Equivalent alternating stress, factor of
safety and life of the spindle is found by fatigue analysis and which results are closely matches with the analytical
value
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
FEA OF A CRANKSHAFT IN CRANK-PIN WEB FILLET REGION FOR IMPROVING FATIGUE LIFEijiert bestjournal
A crankshaft is often designed with a fillet radius to improving fatigue life of crankshaft. The fatigue life of crankshaft is depend on the proper fillet radius. This fillet radius is changes than fatigue life is also changes of crankshaft. In most of the time fatigue failure is occur in crank-pin web fillet region. The crankshaft fillet rolling process is one of the commonly adopted methods in engineering to improve fatigue life of the crankshaft. A finite element analysis is implemented to approximate the stress distribution induced in the crankpin fillet region. The modelling of crankshaft is created by Creo-parametric. Finite element analysis is performed to obtain the variation of stress at critical locations and fatigue life of the crank shaft using the ANSYS software and applying th e boundary conditions. Radius of fillet is changes in model of crankshaft to improvement in fatigue life. Th is work in doing for optimization of a crankshaft in crank-pin web fillet region with fatigue life as well as to study a relation between fillet radius/diameter of crankpin to fatigue life. .
Numerical Simulation of a Centrifugal CompressorIJERA Editor
In this paper, the tip clearance effects on flow field of a low speed centrifugal compressor without and with partial shroud (PS) fitted on to the rotor blade tip at three values of tip clearance, viz. = 2.2%, 5.1% and 7.9% of rotor blade height at the exit at three flow coefficients, namely, = 0.18, 0.28, and 0.34, was studied. Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), performance curves and parameter distributions of the compressor were obtained from the 3-D numerical simulation by using ANSYS CFX 15.0. The centrifugal compressor in aerodynamic requirement is that edge velocities along the impeller channel passage surfaces like hub, shroud, pressure and suction surfaces vary smoothly without sudden decelerations, which cause flow separation leading to losses. Using the periodic boundaries and defined flow conditions at inflow / exit flow and blade rotations, the turbulent viscous flow between blade channels are computed. The efficiency related parameters using average quantities, besides flow pattern in terms of velocities, streamlines and pressure distribution on blade surfaces are graphically interpreted. An attempt is also made to study the influence of pressure loads on structural deformations in the chosen blade profile. This paper highlights aero-mechanical features of centrifugal impeller obtained from several numerical simulations, which are expected to provide a sound basis for further investigations. Keywords: Centrifugal compressor, Fl
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Planning Of Procurement o different goods and services
Design Optimization and Analysis of a Steam Turbine Rotor Grooves
1. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 8, Issue 6 (Sep. - Oct. 2013), PP 66-72
www.iosrjournals.org
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Design Optimization and Analysis of a Steam Turbine Rotor
Grooves
1.
Md. Abdul Raheem Junaidi, 2.
G.M.Sayeed Ahmed, 3.
Dr. S.Nawazish Mehdi,
4.
Uma Maheshwar
1. Assistant Professor, Muffakham jah college of engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, 500034.
2. Senior Assistant Professor, Muffakham jah college of engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, 500034,
3. Professor, Muffakham jah college of engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, 500034,
4. Associate Professor, University college of engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500034,
Abstract: A large variety of turbo-machinery rotor groove geometries are used in industry. However, there is
no specific attempt made to compare them on the basis of performance. This paper provides an attempt to fill
that gap aiming to find an optimum geometry. The main objective of the investigations is to reduce fillet stress
concentration factor and associated deformations. The present work carries out the design modification of fillet
of a Steam Turbine Rotor. Finite Element Analysis is performed using ANSYS Workbench that is used to
determine the fillet stresses effectively to modify the blade rotor grooves. The low pressure steam turbine rotor
blades have usually a history of stress failure. They suffer from tensile and bending stresses partly due to the
centrifugal force as a result of high rotational speeds and partly due to high pressure, temperature and speed
steam loading. The centrifugal force is one of the problems that face the designers of turbine blades especially
the long ones. The designer always aims at reducing these stresses. One way to do so is by the reduction of
stress concentration factor which takes place between the rotor and its groove. That is to make the rotor blade
of variable cross section instead of straight. This paper presents the method of reducing stress concentration
factor as well as reduction in the deformation of the rotor.
Keywords: Optimization, Stress concentration factor, Turbine rotor grooves, Maximum principal stress.
I. Objective Of The Work
The turbine rotor grooves are most rigid elements in high speed steam and gas turbines used in land
based and aerospace applications. Due to rotation, the blade root gets tightened in the rotor grooves and transmit
centrifugal load. The mating surface could be small in case of high pressure turbine blades but may be six times
or more for low pressure turbine blades. While the average stress in the mating areas of these bladed disks is
fully elastic and well below yield, the peak stress at singularities in the groove shape can reach yield values and
into local plastic region. Last stage LP turbine blades and first stage LP compressor blades are the most severely
stressed blades in the system. Usually these are the limiting cases of blade design allowing the peak stresses to
reach yield or just above yield conditions. Failures usually occur with crack initiation at the stress raiser location
and propagation. Optimization has become a necessity in the recent years to achieve an optimal design in stress
or strain, stiffness and weight etc. In earlier practices, dedicated codes are developed to achieve a specific
optimization problem. For example, Bhat, Rao and Sankar (1982) used the method of feasibility directions to
achieve optimum journal bearings for minimum unbalance response. Failures can occur with crack initiation at
the stress raiser location and propagation, two cases can be cited. The last stage blades in an Electricite de
France B2 TG Set failed in Porcheville on August 22, 1977 during over speed testing Frank (1982). On March
31, 1993 Narora machine LP last stage blades suffered catastrophic failures. These blades have stresses well
beyond yield. An elasto plastic analysis for the same case showed that the peak stress is 1157 M Pa well beyond
the yield. While it is not possible to eliminate the yield and keep the structure fully elastic to achieve the last
stage blades in limiting cases, it will be advisable to achieve the yield conditions to be as low as possible. One of
the major factors which influence the life of the steam turbine rotor blade is stress concentration factor. One way
to do so is by the reduction of stress concentration factor which takes place between the rotor and its groove. In
this paper ANSYS workbench as an optimization tool to optimize the grooves by reducing or altering its fillet
inner dimensions and observing the various stress concentration factors. This techniques and optimization
enables to minimize the peak stress values so as to improve the structural integrity of the grooves.
II. Computational Methodology
The two dimensional geometry of the steam turbine rotor obtained from B.H.E.L Turbines and
Compressors Department is made to revolve in solid works to obtain the cylindrical profile of a rotor with a
groove as shown in Fig. 1.
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Fig. 1: Two dimensional sketch of a rotor groove and all dimensions are in mm only.
2.1 Geometric Modeling
The rotor geometry is revolved up to 180 degrees due to axi-symmetric nature. As it is difficult to view
the inner portion of rotor groove at 360 degrees, it is profiled at 180 degrees only. The 180 degree profile results
in reduction of considerable time of computations and tedious computer efforts. After drawing the rotor groove
model in solid works, it is saved in an IGES file format. This IGES file is imported in ANSYS-12 Workbench
for analysis purpose in the static structural ANSYS.
Fig. 2: Rotor modeling in solid works and Meshing of a rotor
After modeling the geometry, meshing is to be performed. Initially, a fine meshing is preferred to a total element
size of up to 22809 and nodes up to 383008. The material properties are shown in table 1. Then pressure
calculation is performed which is dependent upon total number of blades which is provided on the rotor, radius
of groove, weight of the each blade and machine rated speed.
TABLE 1: Isotropic elasticity of material
Young's Modulus
(M Pa)
Poisson's Ratio
Temperature
(C)
2.e+005 0.3 constant
Steam turbine rotors shafts have blades which are mounted on the rotor groove. During shaft rotation, the blade
tries to get pulled out of the groove due to centrifugal loading with certain pressure as shown in Fig. 4. This
pressure exerted at rotor groove is calculated manually as shown below. The boundary conditions on a rotor
model is imposed in such a way that all other surface are kept constant (as shown in Fig. 3) except the groove
area that exerts pressure about 75 M Pa. The following are the calculations regarding pressure made :-
Total no of blades provided on the rotor (n) = 26
Groove surface area = 247350 mm 2
.
Pressure exerted at rotor groove= Centrifugal force due to blades rotation / groove surface area.
Radius of groove = 750 mm = 0.75 m.
Weight of the each blade (W) =94 N.
Acceleration due to gravity (g) =9.81 m/sq.sec.
Mass of the blade (m) =W/g = 94/9.81=9.582 Kg.
Machine Rated Speed (N) =3000 rpm.
Angular velocity (ω) = 2πN/60= (2x3.14159x3000)/60 = 314.1593 rad/sec.
Centrifugal force = n (mrω2
) = 26(9.582 x 0.75 x 314.1593 2
) = 18.44e6 N.
Pressure = Centrifugal force/ Groove surface area = 18.44e6/247350 = 74.56 M Pa ≡ 75 M Pa =75e6 N/m2
3. Design Optimization And Analysis Of A Steam Turbine Rotor Grooves
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Fig. 3: Fixed Support. Fig. 4: Pressure applied at rotor groove
III. Results & Discussions
3.1 Case with Fillet radius, F=13 mm
Fig. 5: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 13 mm
From Fig. 5, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (159.32) / (107.2187) = 1.486.The total deformation obtained is 0.11394mm.
3.2. Case with Fillet radius, F=15 mm
Fig. 6: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 15 mm
From Fig. 6, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (170.18) / (107.2187) = 1.587.The total deformation obtained is 0.10946 mm.
3.3. Case with Fillet radius, F=20 mm (Base Line Model)
Fig. 7: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet = 20 mm
From Fig. 7, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
4. Design Optimization And Analysis Of A Steam Turbine Rotor Grooves
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Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (157.3) / (107.2187) = 1.467 .The total deformation obtained is 0.1004mm.
3.4. Case with Fillet radius, F = (25, 20) mm
Fig. 8: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove = (25, 20) mm
From Fig. 8, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (145.87) / (107.2187) = 1.36. The total deformation obtained is 0.089712 mm.
3.5. Case with Fillet radius, F=25 mm
Fig. 9: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 25 mm
From Fig. 9, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (143.91) / (107.2187) = 1.342.The total deformation obtained is 0.09156 mm
3.6. Case with Fillet dimensions, F= (25, 30) mm
Fig. 10: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove radius= (25, 30) mm
From Fig. 10, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (120.11) / (107.2187) = 1.12. The total deformation obtained is 0.066227 mm.
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Fig. 11: Groove model at radius of (25, 30) mm.
The theoretical stress concentration factor Kt can be minimized to 1.12 by obtaining the radius of dimensions
(25, 30) mm which is within the safety limits. But practically it is difficult to obtain such kind of grooves as
there will be a difficulty in manufacturing especially in mass production.
.
3.7. Case with Fillet radius, F=30 mm
Fig. 12: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 30 mm
From Fig. 12, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (137.08) / (107.2187) = 1.279.The total deformation obtained is 0.082139 mm.
3.8. Case with Fillet radius, F=40 mm
Fig. 13: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 40 mm
From Fig. 13, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (123.52) / (107.2187) = 1.152.The total deformation obtained is 0.066121 mm.
3.9. Case with Fillet radius, F=45 mm
Fig. 14: Maximum Principal Stress and Deformation at rotor groove fillet radius= 45 mm
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From Fig. 14, for a given nominal stress to be 107.2187 M Pa, theoretical stress concentration factor, Kt = σ max/
σ min is obtained as (214.73) / (107.2187) = 2.0027 and the total deformation obtained is 0.12018 mm.
Similarly, for F=50 mm, it has been observed that theoretical stress concentration factor,
Kt = σ max/ σ min is obtained as (233.97) / (107.2187) = 2.1822.The total deformation obtained is 0.1206 mm.
TABLE 2: Comparison at Various Fillet Radius
Fig. 15: Variation of theoretical stress concentration factor deformation with fillet radius with fillet radius
It can be inferred from the Fig. 15 that there is an increase in the groove fillet radius, stress concentration factor
reduces and at a particular point an optimal value can be observed. On increasing the fillet radius further, the Kt
increases, it is due to the pressure acting on that groove which enables the steam turbine blade to pull out of the
rotor grooves and may cause failure due to an increase in fillet stresses. It can be inferred from the Fig. 15 that
as there is an increase in the groove fillet radius, there is a decrease in the deformation and at a particular point
the deformation is minimum. On increasing the fillet radius further, the deformation also reduces similar to Kt; it
is due to the pressure acting on that groove which enables the steam turbine blade to pull out of the rotor
grooves and may cause failure due to an increase in fillet stresses.
IV. Conclusions
The design considerations made to address the structural integrity of the blade and the sensitivity
analysis for geometric parameters with aid of finite element analysis has resulted in the following observations
during the course of study: From the original blade root of geometry with fillet radius 20 mm, the design
changes were made on the geometry and an optimized blade root dimensions of radius 40 mm is obtained as the
recommended design change as it gives good reduction on stress concentration factor and fillet stresses. The
base line model and the modified root model were subjected to centrifugal loads and the resulting centrifugal
stresses were analyses has been carried out in ANSYS workbench. It is observed that for a given fillet radius of
20 mm, the stress concentration factor (Kt) for a steam turbine rotor groove and total deflection is found to be
1.587 and 0.10946 mm. It can be inferred from the stress concentration factor plot that an increase in the groove
fillet radius, reduces the stress concentration factor and at a particular point an optimal value is obtained. It can
S.NO Fillet radius
(mm)
Maximum Principal
Stress, σ max , (M Pa)
Theoretical stress
concentration factor, Kt
Deformation
(mm)
1. F = 13 159.32 1.486 0.11394
2. F = 15 170.18 1.587 0.10946
3. F = 20 157.3 1.467 0.1004
4. F = 25 143.91 1.342 0.09156
5. F = 25,20 145.87 1.36 0.089712
6. F = 25,30 120.11 1.12 0.066227
7. F = 30 137.08 1.279 0.082139
8. F = 40 123.52 1.152 0.066712
9. F = 45 214.73 2.0027 0.12018
10. F = 50 233.97 2.1822 0.1206
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be inferred from the Deformation plot that an increase in the groove fillet radius reduces the Deformation also
just similar to Kt and at a particular point an optimal value is obtained. As the fillet radius is decreased, Kt and
deflection is increased. Gradually, on increasing the fillet radius to a value of 40 mm, we get a Kt = 1.152 and
deflection = 0.066121 mm. The Kt can also be minimized further to 1.12 by obtaining the dimensions of (25, 30)
mm which is within the safety limits as discussed in Fig. 11.
V. Future Scope
The project can be extended by analyzing the relief groove along with the rotor grooves as there will be an
easier method to determine the crack propagation and eliminate it quickly. The crack will first initiates at the
relief groove as it has more depth than other rotor grooves and can be identified easily.
References
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Rotor by FEA”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume No.39, 2008, Pg. 137-41.
[2] Dr. Arkan K. Husain Al-Taie, “Stress Evaluation of Low Pressure Steam Turbine Rotor Blade and Design of Reduced Stress
Blade”, Mechanical Engineering Dept/ Univ. of Tech, Eng.Tech.Vol.26, No.2, 2008.
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