IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Analysis of Rack and Pinion under dynamic conditionsnagaraju kondrasi
Based on physical and thermal properties graphite cast iron has got more strength than sand cast Mg alloy and it is clear from the results that the load carrying capacity of former is larger than the later. Hence Graphite cast iron is preferred for the manufacture of rack and pinion.
In static structural analysis the total deformation and von - mises stresses are more in sand cast Mg alloy than graphite cast iron. Hence graphite cast iron has better strength than Sand cast Mg alloy.
In modal analysis the number mode shapes are higher for graphite cast iron than sand cast Mg alloy.
Under transient conditions the total deformation of Graphite CI is less than that of Sand cast mg alloy. Hence former is preferred under Transient conditions.
Under fatigue loads the damage is more in sand cast Mg alloy. Hence graphite CI is preferred for manufacturing of Rack and pinion.
Hence Keeping all the analysis in view the graphite cast iron is preferred over sand cast Mg alloy.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
A Review Design of Effective Braking and Efficient Transmission Systemijtsrd
This paper focuses on the designing, simulation and fabrication of brake disc and a constant speed two stage reduction gearbox for an All Terrain Vehicle ATV . In our paper, we have presented an efficient gearbox and brake disc which is lightweight and long lasting. The drive train consists of Continuous Variable Transmission CVT and a constant mesh two stage reduction gearbox. The gearbox and disc brake were modeled on SOLIDWORKS version 2018 and analyzed on ANSYS mechanical workbench version 2016 and the result were found to be satisfactory. Shashwat Kulshreshtha | Shantanu Tiwari | Naman Varshney | Shikhar Verma | Mayank Kushwaha "A Review: Design of Effective Braking and Efficient Transmission System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30969.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/30969/a-review-design-of-effective-braking-and-efficient-transmission-system/shashwat-kulshreshtha
Analysis of Rack and Pinion under dynamic conditionsnagaraju kondrasi
Based on physical and thermal properties graphite cast iron has got more strength than sand cast Mg alloy and it is clear from the results that the load carrying capacity of former is larger than the later. Hence Graphite cast iron is preferred for the manufacture of rack and pinion.
In static structural analysis the total deformation and von - mises stresses are more in sand cast Mg alloy than graphite cast iron. Hence graphite cast iron has better strength than Sand cast Mg alloy.
In modal analysis the number mode shapes are higher for graphite cast iron than sand cast Mg alloy.
Under transient conditions the total deformation of Graphite CI is less than that of Sand cast mg alloy. Hence former is preferred under Transient conditions.
Under fatigue loads the damage is more in sand cast Mg alloy. Hence graphite CI is preferred for manufacturing of Rack and pinion.
Hence Keeping all the analysis in view the graphite cast iron is preferred over sand cast Mg alloy.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
A Review Design of Effective Braking and Efficient Transmission Systemijtsrd
This paper focuses on the designing, simulation and fabrication of brake disc and a constant speed two stage reduction gearbox for an All Terrain Vehicle ATV . In our paper, we have presented an efficient gearbox and brake disc which is lightweight and long lasting. The drive train consists of Continuous Variable Transmission CVT and a constant mesh two stage reduction gearbox. The gearbox and disc brake were modeled on SOLIDWORKS version 2018 and analyzed on ANSYS mechanical workbench version 2016 and the result were found to be satisfactory. Shashwat Kulshreshtha | Shantanu Tiwari | Naman Varshney | Shikhar Verma | Mayank Kushwaha "A Review: Design of Effective Braking and Efficient Transmission System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30969.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/30969/a-review-design-of-effective-braking-and-efficient-transmission-system/shashwat-kulshreshtha
Stress analysis on steering knuckle of the automobile steering systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Steering Knuckle plays major role in many direction control of the vehicle it is also linked with other linkages and supports the vertical weight of the car. Therefore, it requires high precision, quality, and durability. The main objective of this work is to explore performance opportunities, in the design and production of a steering knuckle. This can be achieved by performing a detailed load analysis. Therefore, this study has been dealt with two steps. First part of the study involves modeling of the steering knuckle with the design parameters using the latest modeling software, and also it includes the determination of loads acting on the steering knuckle as a function of time. This is done for finding out the minimum stress area. Then the stress analysis was performed using analysis software. The steering knuckle can be modeled, and analyzed under the actual load conditions. This may also improve the depth knowledge of its function and performance in terms of durability and quality. Keywords: Steering knuckle, stress analysis and Finite Element Analysis (FEA).
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFTijiert bestjournal
Crankshaft is a crucial component in an engine asse mbly. Crankshaft is consisting of two web sections and one crankpin,which converts the reciprocating displacement of the pist on to a rotary motion with a four link mechanism. G enerally crankshafts are manufactured using cast iron and forged steel mater ial. In this work to design and finite element anal ysis of crankshaft of 4 cylinder petrol engine of Maruti swift Vxi. of 1200 cubic capacity. The finite element analysis in ABA QUS software by using six materials based on their composition viz. Cast iron,EN30B,SAE4340,Structural steel,C70 Alloy steel and Aluminium based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide & fly ash. The parameter like von misses stress,deformation;maximum and minimum principal stress & strain were obtained from analysis software. The results of Finite element show that t he Aluminium based composite material is best mater ial among all. Compare the result like weight and Stiffness parameter. It is resulted of 65.539 % of weight,with reduction i n deformation.
Design Optimization and Analysis of a Steam Turbine Rotor GroovesIOSR Journals
A large variety of turbo-machinery rotor groove geometries are used in industry. However, there is
no specific attempt made to compare them on the basis of performance. This paper provides an attempt to fill
that gap aiming to find an optimum geometry. The main objective of the investigations is to reduce fillet stress
concentration factor and associated deformations. The present work carries out the design modification of fillet
of a Steam Turbine Rotor. Finite Element Analysis is performed using ANSYS Workbench that is used to
determine the fillet stresses effectively to modify the blade rotor grooves. The low pressure steam turbine rotor
blades have usually a history of stress failure. They suffer from tensile and bending stresses partly due to the
centrifugal force as a result of high rotational speeds and partly due to high pressure, temperature and speed
steam loading. The centrifugal force is one of the problems that face the designers of turbine blades especially
the long ones. The designer always aims at reducing these stresses. One way to do so is by the reduction of
stress concentration factor which takes place between the rotor and its groove. That is to make the rotor blade
of variable cross section instead of straight. This paper presents the method of reducing stress concentration
factor as well as reduction in the deformation of the rotor
Design of gear box for Machine Tool Application (3 stage & 12 speed ) by Saga...Sagar Dhotare
This presentation covers the following points:-
Requirements of gear box for Machine Tool Application
Basic Considerations in the Design of Multi-Speed Gear Box
Determination of Variable Speed Range
1. Arithmetic Progression (AP)
2. Geometric Progression (GP)
3. Harmonic Progression (HP)
Selection of Range Ratio (RN)
Selection of GP Ratio (∅)
Structure Formula
Structure Diagram
Ray Diagram
Rules and Guidelines For Gear Box Layout
Some Gear Box Layout
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Identification of dynamic rigidity for high speed spindles supported on ball ...eSAT Journals
Abstract The widespread use of high-speed machining in recent decades has led to a significant area of research on issues that limit its productivity. Regenerative chatter is a well‐known machining problem that results in unstable cutting process, leads to the poor surface quality, reduced material removal rate and damage on the machine tool itself. The main requirement for the stability of system dynamics is the information of tool tip frequency response functions (FRF’s).The present work considered a coupled model of spindle-bearing system by using the angular contact ball bearing forces on stability of machining. Using Timoshenko beam element formulation, the spindle unit is analyzed by including the gyroscopic and centrifugal terms and the bearing contact forces are arrived from Hertzian contact theory. Then, the model is used for studying the effects of viscous damping to obtain the tool point FRF for the dynamic spindle. Index Terms: Spindle dynamics, Stability, High speed effects, Bearing contact forces, Hertzian contact theory, Finite element modeling.
Stress Analysis of I.C.Engine Connecting Rod by FEM and PhotoelasticityIOSR Journals
Abstract: The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production critical component. Every vehicle
that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod .From the viewpoint of
functionality, connecting rods must have the highest possible rigidity at the lowest weight. The major stress
induced in the connecting rod is a combination of axial and bending stresses in operation. The axial stresses are
produced due to cylinder gas pressure (compressive only) and the inertia force arising in account of
reciprocating action (both tensile as well as compressive), where as bending stresses are caused due to the
centrifugal effects. The result of which is, the maximum stresses are developed at the fillet section of the big and
the small end.Hence, the paper deals with the stress analysis of connecting rod by Finite Element Method using
Pro/E Wildfire 4.0 and ANSYS WORKBENCH 11.0 software. The comparison and verification of the results
obtained in FEA is done experimentally by the method of Photo elasticity(Optical Method). The method of
Photoelasticity includes the casting of Photoelastic sheet using Resin AY103 and Hardner HY951, preparation
of the model from Photoelastic sheet calibration of the sheet to determine material fringe value.
Keywords - Big End fillet section ,Connecting Rod, Compressive Stresses , Failure of Connecting Rod, FEA,
Photoelasticity, Small End fillet section, Tensile Stresses.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Stress analysis on steering knuckle of the automobile steering systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Steering Knuckle plays major role in many direction control of the vehicle it is also linked with other linkages and supports the vertical weight of the car. Therefore, it requires high precision, quality, and durability. The main objective of this work is to explore performance opportunities, in the design and production of a steering knuckle. This can be achieved by performing a detailed load analysis. Therefore, this study has been dealt with two steps. First part of the study involves modeling of the steering knuckle with the design parameters using the latest modeling software, and also it includes the determination of loads acting on the steering knuckle as a function of time. This is done for finding out the minimum stress area. Then the stress analysis was performed using analysis software. The steering knuckle can be modeled, and analyzed under the actual load conditions. This may also improve the depth knowledge of its function and performance in terms of durability and quality. Keywords: Steering knuckle, stress analysis and Finite Element Analysis (FEA).
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFTijiert bestjournal
Crankshaft is a crucial component in an engine asse mbly. Crankshaft is consisting of two web sections and one crankpin,which converts the reciprocating displacement of the pist on to a rotary motion with a four link mechanism. G enerally crankshafts are manufactured using cast iron and forged steel mater ial. In this work to design and finite element anal ysis of crankshaft of 4 cylinder petrol engine of Maruti swift Vxi. of 1200 cubic capacity. The finite element analysis in ABA QUS software by using six materials based on their composition viz. Cast iron,EN30B,SAE4340,Structural steel,C70 Alloy steel and Aluminium based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide & fly ash. The parameter like von misses stress,deformation;maximum and minimum principal stress & strain were obtained from analysis software. The results of Finite element show that t he Aluminium based composite material is best mater ial among all. Compare the result like weight and Stiffness parameter. It is resulted of 65.539 % of weight,with reduction i n deformation.
Design Optimization and Analysis of a Steam Turbine Rotor GroovesIOSR Journals
A large variety of turbo-machinery rotor groove geometries are used in industry. However, there is
no specific attempt made to compare them on the basis of performance. This paper provides an attempt to fill
that gap aiming to find an optimum geometry. The main objective of the investigations is to reduce fillet stress
concentration factor and associated deformations. The present work carries out the design modification of fillet
of a Steam Turbine Rotor. Finite Element Analysis is performed using ANSYS Workbench that is used to
determine the fillet stresses effectively to modify the blade rotor grooves. The low pressure steam turbine rotor
blades have usually a history of stress failure. They suffer from tensile and bending stresses partly due to the
centrifugal force as a result of high rotational speeds and partly due to high pressure, temperature and speed
steam loading. The centrifugal force is one of the problems that face the designers of turbine blades especially
the long ones. The designer always aims at reducing these stresses. One way to do so is by the reduction of
stress concentration factor which takes place between the rotor and its groove. That is to make the rotor blade
of variable cross section instead of straight. This paper presents the method of reducing stress concentration
factor as well as reduction in the deformation of the rotor
Design of gear box for Machine Tool Application (3 stage & 12 speed ) by Saga...Sagar Dhotare
This presentation covers the following points:-
Requirements of gear box for Machine Tool Application
Basic Considerations in the Design of Multi-Speed Gear Box
Determination of Variable Speed Range
1. Arithmetic Progression (AP)
2. Geometric Progression (GP)
3. Harmonic Progression (HP)
Selection of Range Ratio (RN)
Selection of GP Ratio (∅)
Structure Formula
Structure Diagram
Ray Diagram
Rules and Guidelines For Gear Box Layout
Some Gear Box Layout
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Identification of dynamic rigidity for high speed spindles supported on ball ...eSAT Journals
Abstract The widespread use of high-speed machining in recent decades has led to a significant area of research on issues that limit its productivity. Regenerative chatter is a well‐known machining problem that results in unstable cutting process, leads to the poor surface quality, reduced material removal rate and damage on the machine tool itself. The main requirement for the stability of system dynamics is the information of tool tip frequency response functions (FRF’s).The present work considered a coupled model of spindle-bearing system by using the angular contact ball bearing forces on stability of machining. Using Timoshenko beam element formulation, the spindle unit is analyzed by including the gyroscopic and centrifugal terms and the bearing contact forces are arrived from Hertzian contact theory. Then, the model is used for studying the effects of viscous damping to obtain the tool point FRF for the dynamic spindle. Index Terms: Spindle dynamics, Stability, High speed effects, Bearing contact forces, Hertzian contact theory, Finite element modeling.
Stress Analysis of I.C.Engine Connecting Rod by FEM and PhotoelasticityIOSR Journals
Abstract: The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production critical component. Every vehicle
that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod .From the viewpoint of
functionality, connecting rods must have the highest possible rigidity at the lowest weight. The major stress
induced in the connecting rod is a combination of axial and bending stresses in operation. The axial stresses are
produced due to cylinder gas pressure (compressive only) and the inertia force arising in account of
reciprocating action (both tensile as well as compressive), where as bending stresses are caused due to the
centrifugal effects. The result of which is, the maximum stresses are developed at the fillet section of the big and
the small end.Hence, the paper deals with the stress analysis of connecting rod by Finite Element Method using
Pro/E Wildfire 4.0 and ANSYS WORKBENCH 11.0 software. The comparison and verification of the results
obtained in FEA is done experimentally by the method of Photo elasticity(Optical Method). The method of
Photoelasticity includes the casting of Photoelastic sheet using Resin AY103 and Hardner HY951, preparation
of the model from Photoelastic sheet calibration of the sheet to determine material fringe value.
Keywords - Big End fillet section ,Connecting Rod, Compressive Stresses , Failure of Connecting Rod, FEA,
Photoelasticity, Small End fillet section, Tensile Stresses.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Design of Engine Mount Bracket for a FSAE Car Using Finite Element AnalysisIJERA Editor
Engine mounts have an important function of containing firmly the power-train components of a vehicle. Correct geometry and positioning of the mount brackets on the chassis ensures a good ride quality and performance. As an FSAE car intends to be a high performance vehicle, the brackets on the frame that support the engine undergo high static and dynamic stresses as well as huge amount of vibrations. Hence, dissipating the vibrational energy and keeping the stresses under a pre-determined level of safety should be achieved by careful designing and analysis of the mount brackets. Keeping this in mind the current paper discusses the modeling, Finite Element Analysis, Modal analysis and mass optimization of engine mount brackets for a FSAE car. As the brackets tend to undergo continuous vibrations and varying stresses, the fatigue strength and durability calculations also have been done to ensure engine safety.
Finite element analysis of engine mounting bracket by considering pretension ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bracket is one of the important components of an engine mount assembly, heavy performance truck has their engine supported by bracket and this engine mounting brackets assembly is used in chassis front frame which has been designed as a framework to support engine along with transmission member. The main function of the engine mount bracket is to properly balance the engine and transmission on the vehicle chassis, engine mount is an important part of the vehicle to reduce the vibration and noise, by which smooth ride of the vehicle can be achieved. Vibration and strength of engine bracket has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are severe and excessive. The present work focuses on the FEA analysis of engine mount bracket for three materials by using meshing and analysis software which are HYPERMESH and ABACUS, the materials used are cast iron, wrought iron and mild steel, modal analysis and static analysis carried out by which maximum von-misses stress and natural frequency are computed. The main objective is to select the best material from the obtained result under prescribed conditions. Key Words: Engine mount bracket, Vehicle chassis, Modal & Static analysis, pretension load, & Service load.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Finite Element Analysis and Topography Optimization of Lower Arm of Double Wi...IJERA Editor
The suspension system is one of the most important components of vehicle, which directly affects the safety, performance, noise level and style of it. The vehicle suspension system is responsible for driving comfort and safety as the suspension carries the vehicle-body and transmits all forces between body and road. Structure optimization techniques under static load conditions have been widely used in automotive industry for lightweight and performance improvement of modern cars. However, these static load conditions could not represent all the severe situations of automobile parts which subjected to complex loads varying with time, especially for lower control arm of front suspension. This paper deals with Finite Element Analysis of the Lower arm suspension of double wishbone suspension which consist the stress optimization under static loadings. Lower arm suspension has been modeled using Unigraphics .In first stage of analysis area of maximum stress was identified. These analysis were carried using Altair Hyperworks and solver used is Abacus. In order to reduce stresses and to improve structural strength Topography optimization approach is carried out in Hyperworks in which a design region for a given part is defined and a pattern of shape variable-based reinforcements within that region is generated to increase Stiffness.
Engine is one of the most significant component of road vehicles. High performance vehicles have their
engine supported by bracket. The engine mounting plays an important role in reducing the noise and vibrations, improving the
comfort and work environment of a vehicle. The present work deals with design modification of engine mounting bracket.
Modelling work has been carried out with commercial desktop CAD software and analyzed the modal performance with
Analysis software. Ribs has been adopted to the existing mounting bracket for its better performance structural, thermal and
modal analysis has been carried out with analysis software. Aluminium alloy, aluminium silicon carbide and magnesium alloy
are considered as the different materials of mounting bracket. Based on the analysis it is found that the aluminium silicon
carbide is superior suited for the modified V6 engine mounting bracket.
Design and Optimisation of Sae Mini Baja ChassisIJERA Editor
The objective is to design and develop the roll cage for All - Terrain Vehicle accordance with the rulebook of BAJA 2014 given by SAE. The frame of the SAE Baja vehicle needs to be lightweight and structurally sound to be competitive but still protect the driver. The vehicle needs to traverse all types of off-road conditions including large rocks, downed logs, mud holes, steep inclines, jumps and off camber turns. During the competition events there is significant risk of rollovers, falling from steep ledges, collisions with stationary objects, or impacts from other vehicles. Material for the roll cage is selected based on strength and availability. A software model is prepared in Pro-engineer. Later the design is tested against all modes of failure by conducting various simulations and stress analysis with the aid of ANSYS 13. Based on the result obtained from these tests the design is modified accordingly. A target of 2 is set for Yield Factor of Safety.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
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Lv2419731979
1. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
Modal Analysis of Engine Mounting Bracket Using FEA
Sahil Naghate*, Sandeep Patil**
*Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marathwada Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra,
India.
** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marathwada Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra,
India.
Abstract
The engine mounting plays an important Automobile engine-chassis-body system may
role in reducing the noise, vibrations and undergo undesirable vibrations due to disturbances
harshness for improving vehicle ride comfort. from the road and the engine. The vibrations induced
The first and the foremost function of an engine by the road or the engine at idle are typically at the
mounting bracket is to properly balance the frequencies below 30Hz. In order to control the idle
power pack (engine &transmission) on the vehicle shake and the road-induced vibrations, the engine
chassis for good motion control as well as good mount bracket should be stiff and highly damped. On
isolation. the other hand, for a small amplitude excitation over
the higher frequency range (30- 250Hz) from the
Present work deals with FEA analysis of engine, a compliant and lightly damped mount
engine mounting bracket. It includes the modeling bracket is required for vibration isolation and
of the engine mounting brackets by changing the acoustic comfort. So, the engine mount bracket must
material of component. Materials selected are satisfy these two essential criteria
Aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. Analysis
includes Static and Modal Analysis of engine In diesel engines the engine mounting is one
mounting bracket using Square Cross section. The of the major problems. Due to the Un-throttled
study shows that this bracket will have a dramatic condition, and higher compression ratio of the diesel
weight reduction compare to standard aluminum engine, the speed irregularities particularly at low
alloy material and withstand high stress. Speed and Low load conditions and are significantly
higher than gasoline engines. Thus this results in
Keywords- Engine, Mounting, FEA, Modal vibration excitation. Due to vibration of engine the
Analysis. holes on the engine mounting Bracket get enlarged
which results in the failure of bracket. By optimizing
the thickness and shape of major mounting points
I. INTRODUCTION made it possible to design a vehicle with optimized
The need for light weight structural weight and performance at initial designing stages
materials in automotive applications is increasing as [1]. Studies shows that the brackets saved 38% mass
the pressure for improvement in emissions and fuel (0.86 kg the expected and resultant benefit is
economy increases. The most effective way of different for each application. Range of savings are
increasing automobile mileage while decreasing 20% to 38% in the authors’ experience to 0.53 kg)
emissions is to reduce vehicle weight. The [4]. Structural optimization is an effective tool to
magnitude of the production volumes has obtain an optimum design. Comparison in terms of
traditionally placed severe requirements on the weight and component performance illustrates that
robustness of the processes used in manufacturing. structural optimization techniques are effective to
The strong emphasis on the cost has demanded the produce higher quality products at a lower cost [5].
component manufacturers to improve the Dynamic analysis of vehicle components and systems
performance of their materials and to find the is now an integral part of the engineering design
methods to deliver these materials at reduced cost. process in the automotive industry [9]. The topology
There are a number of noise and vibration sources based design is used in the conceptual design phase
that affect the vehicle body. The noise and vibration and then, the shape optimization is subsequently
occur because the power that is delivered through employed using initial optimal topology.
bumpy roads, the engine, and suspension result in the
resonance effect in a broad frequency band. The ride The objective is to do a modal analysis of
and noise characteristics of a vehicle are significantly the engine bracket to determine whether the current
affected by vibration transferred to the body through design has a natural frequency which is lower than
the chassis mounting points from the engine and the excitation frequency of the engine bracket, in
suspension. It is known that body attachment which case the design will be considered safe. Once
stiffness is an important factor of idle noise and road safety of the design is established, and then
noise for NVH performance improvement. The optimization will be done material Optimization: The
1973 | P a g e
2. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
design will be tested for different materials, PRE PROCESSING:
Aluminum and magnesium alloy, and suitability of The pre-processing of the engine mounting
material will be tested. bracket is down for the purpose of the dividing the
problem into nodes and elements, developing
II. METHODOLOGY equation for an element, applying boundary
BASIC STEPS IN THE FEA conditions, initial conditions and for applying loads.
The basic steps involved in any finite The information required for the pre-processing stage
element analysis consist of the following of the bracket is as follows,
Material properties: The values of young’s
PREPROCESSING PHASE modulus, poisons ratio, density, yield strength for
Aluminium and magnesium are taken from
material library of the FEA PACKAGE. At the
point only one material is selected at a time, which
SOLUTION PHASE is sufficient to show that a change of material is
made depending upon the analysis results.
Meshing: A solid element mesh is required to be
POSTPROCESSING PHASE generated. The meshing of the mounting bracket is
done as hex mesh for steel, for Aluminium and for
magnesium also.
Fig.1. FEA process Loads: Specific values of load are implemented for
a typical mounting bracket. The load is taken as
1000N which is considerable as the distributed
STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS weight of the engine is less than this value. Load is
A static structural analysis is the analysis applied at the three holes of the engine mounting
displacements, stresses, strains and forces on bracket, which are connected to the engine
structure or a component due to load application. The structure with the help of rigid elements such as nut
structures response and loads are assumed to vary and bolts.
slowly with respect to time. There are various types Constraints: The nodes around the bracket
of loading that can be applied in this analysis which mounting holes have a rigid element connecting
are externally applied forces and pressures, and them to the centre of the hole which has of its
temperatures. A static structural analysis can either degree of freedom fixed. The element which is
be linear or non linear. used to fix engine mounting bracket and body of
the vehicle is fixed and used as a rigid element.
MODAL ANALYSIS The FE mesh together with the loads and
Modal analysis determines the vibration
constraints is made in the meshing environment.
characteristics of a structure or a particular
The minimum and maximum are set, together with
component in the form of natural frequencies and
other mesh parameters such as element type and
mode shapes. From this analysis we can do more
material. The selected object is ready for further
detailed dynamic analysis such as transient dynamic
analysis.
analysis, harmonic analysis or spectrum analysis. The
natural frequencies and mode shapes are important in
POST PROCESSING:
the design of a structure for dynamic loading The acceptability of the design of the engine
conditions. In this analysis, only linear behavior is mounting bracket needs to be considered from the
valid. Damping is not considered and applied loads
results of the analysis. The guidance for the
are ignored in modal analysis. A static structural
modification of the bracket need to be available if the
analysis is required first for performing pre stressed
design is not considered to be acceptable for the
modal analysis.
engine mounting bracket are as follows.
1) Model acceptance criteria: the maximum von-
The analysis of many engineering and
Mises stress must be less than the material yield
automotive components is done with the help of
strength for the duration of the component. The
finite element techniques. These analysis are very
deflection is considered and the maximum Von-
helpful for approving or making some design changes
Mises stress must be less than the yield strength for
during the post processing stage. The design changes
abuse load case.
mainly depend on the product life cycle and helps 2) Design modification criteria: the modifications are
design engineers or the analysts to finales dimensions made if the design is not acceptable, such as
and material of the components. This analysis of an
increasing fillet, increasing material thickness and
engine mounting bracket is done with the help of
altering material specifications. The output in the
FEA software.
form of the stress value is generated, when the
analysis has been completed. This output data in
the form of figures is then checked for determining
1974 | P a g e
3. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
the relevant information and compared with the Young’s modulus – 7.1e+10 N/m2
acceptance criteria. Poisson’s ratio – 0.33
3) Result interpretation: from the results of the Density – 2770 Kg/m3
analysis the engineer required to understand the Yield strength in tension & compression – 2.8e+8
failure criteria for the particular component. N/m2
4) The Design Failure Criteria: maximum allowable
deflection, maximum allowable stress is required to Stress analysis:
be known and documented. For this purpose the Stress analysis of the engine mounting
values of the Von-Mises stress is considered. There bracket is carried out by fixing the bracket at the
is also a requirement for recognizing the effect of large size end which is fixed to the vehicle body.
the analysis on the engine mounting bracket due to Then the load is applied at the other end of the
load applied. bracket for the purpose of static structural analysis.
ALUMINUM:
Aluminum has only about one third the
density of steel and the most commercial Aluminum
alloys posses substantially higher specific strength
than steel. A vehicle weight reduction would not only
result in higher oil savings, but also gives a
significant reduction in emission. For these reasons
there is preference to use more Aluminum and
replace steel in automotive applications.
But there are several obstacles in implementation of
Aluminum in automotive industry. Some of these are,
The forming limits of Aluminium are
significantly lower than the steel. There are
several chances of Aluminium to tearing at
Fig 2: Meshed Model
bends. This limits the shapes that can be
fabricated and slows die design, die tryout and
applications.
Von-Mises stresses can be derived from the
Spring back problem is more in thicker sheets static analysis of structure. As shown in figure 3 the
of Aluminium and it is hard to keep von mises stresses plots are taken. As seen from these
dimensional tolerances. plots of stress we can see that maximum stress of the
Traditional vehicle body manufacturing value 26.758 MPa is found out at the bracket which is
technology implementing stamped sheet steel fixing the bracket and the vehicle structure. This is
component cannot be sufficiently improved to due to the load concentration at the fixed point.
meet future vehicle requirements because of the
higher weight of the steel and the high cost and
more time required for stamping tool
development.
The analysis of the engine mounting bracket
is done with the help of FEA PACKAGE software. In
this process first the material selection done from the
engineering data sheet of the FEA PACKAGE
software. Then the meshing of the component is done
from the MESH function of the software. The
importance of the meshing in the whole process of
analysis is very important from the point of result Fig.3 Von-mises stress plot Fig 4: Deformation of
implementation. The element used in the meshing is Bracket
solid 186 which are 20 node brick, hexagonal in
shape and very good for the deformation problems. Above figure 4, shows the deformation of
The size and shape of the meshing is the factor which the engine mounting bracket, when the load is
specifies the method of solution of FE problem in the applied at the side of bracket which is towards the
any FEA software. By the process of refining, which engine connection. As seen from the deformation plot
is nothing but the changing the size of the mesh deformation is more at the end of the bracket due to
accurate result can carry out. the maximum load application is at this side of the
Aluminum Alloy bracket. The deformation of this part is 1.6258 mm,
Aluminum alloy under consideration has which can be seen from the above result. The
following material properties: deformation plot shows the variation in values from
1975 | P a g e
4. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
fixed side to the engine side of bracket. It is conclude that the maximum value deformation is
minimum at the fixed side and highest on the engine taking place at the bottom side of the bracket
side. connected to the engine. The frequency of vibration
for this particular mode is 322.78 Hz.
MODAL ANALYSIS:
The modal analysis of the engine mounting
bracket is carried out for determining natural
frequencies and shapes of the natural vibration
modes. These frequencies are the outputs given by
the analysis of the engine mounting bracket.
Fig 9: Fifth mode of vibration Fig 10: Sixth mode of
vibration
As seen from the above figure 9 the values
of deformation increasing minimum to maximum
from the end which is connected to the vehicle
structure to the end of engine. The maximum value of
Fig 5: First mode of vibration Fig 6: Second mode of deformation is seen at the ends of engine. The
vibration frequency of vibration for this particular mode is
462.57 Hz. From the above plot (figure 10) of the
From the above plot (figure 6) of the total total deformation of the engine mounting bracket we
deformation of the engine mounting bracket we can can conclude that the maximum value deformation is
conclude that the maximum value deformation is taking place at the bottom side of the bracket
taking place at the side of the bracket connected to connected to the engine. The frequency of vibration
the engine. This is due to the fact that vibrations are for this particular mode of vibration is 630.5 Hz.
going to act on this part of the bracket. The
deformation for the other side which is fixed to the ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL “MAGNESIUM
body of the vehicle is almost zero for some part of it. ALLOY”
The frequency of vibration for this particular mode of Magnesium is the lightest of all metals used
the bracket is 142.78 Hz. as the basis for constructional alloys. It is this
property due to which automobile manufactures has
to replace denser materials, not only steels, cast irons
and copper base alloys but even Aluminum alloys by
magnesium base alloys. The requirement to reduce
the weight of car components as a result in part of the
introduction of legislation limiting emission has
triggered renewed interest in magnesium. A wider
use of magnesium base alloys necessitates several
parallel programs. These can be classified as alloy
development, process development improvement and
Fig 7: Third mode of Fig 8: Fourth mode design considerations. The requirement to reduce the
vibration of vibration weight of car components as a result in part of the
introductions of legislation limiting emission has
The third mode of vibration of the engine triggered renewed interest in magnesium.
mounting bracket is seen in the plot (figure 7) for
modal analysis. The part towards the engine of the The advantages of magnesium alloys are
vehicle is not deformed too much, but from this point listed as follows, lowest density of all metallic
to the side of the bracket which is fixed to the vehicle constructional materials. It posses high specific
structure is varying with deformation. The higher strength, good cast ability, which suitable for high
value of deformation is at the upper corner of the pressure die casting good welding properties, higher
bracket. The side towards the vehicle structure is corrosion resistance. Also compared with polymeric
largely deformed as seen from the figure. The materials it posses better mechanical properties,
frequency of vibration for this particular mode is better electrical and thermal conductivity and it is
213.26 Hz. recyclable. The requirement to reduce the weight of
From the above plot (figure 8) of the total car components as a result in part of the introduction
deformation of the engine mounting bracket we can of legislation limiting emission has triggered renewed
1976 | P a g e
5. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
interest in magnesium. The application of die cast the other side after some definite intervals. The
magnesium for automobile components produced in frequency of vibration for this particular mode of the
large quantities is the one method for reducing bracket is 75.261 Hz.
vehicle weight. But these components must be cost
competitive with material and processes in current
manufacturing and gives high qualities to ensure
adequate mechanical properties. One of the reasons
for the limited use of magnesium has been some poor
properties exacerbated by a lack of development
work. It is not possible to use conventional alloying
techniques to improve some of the properties, e.g.
elastic constants. The solubility of alloying elements
in magnesium is limited, restricting the possibility of Fig 13: First mode of vibration Fig 14:Second mode of
improving the mechanical properties and chemical vibration
behavior. The crystal structure of magnesium is
hexagonal which limited its inherent ductility. From the plot (figure 14) of the total
deformation of the engine mounting bracket we can
Magnesium Alloy conclude that the maximum value deformation is
Magnesium alloy under consideration has following taking place at the side of the bracket connected to
material properties the engine. This is due to the fact that vibration is
Young’s modulus – 4.5e+10 N/m2 going to act on this part of the bracket. The
Poisson’s ratio – 0.35 deformation for the other side which is fixed to the
Density – 1800 Kg/m3 body of the vehicle is almost zero for some part of it.
Yield strength in tension and compression – The deformation goes on increasing from the fixed
1.93e+8 N/m2 end towards the side of the engine. The frequency of
vibration for this particular mode of the bracket is
Stress Analysis 140.6 Hz.
As shown in the figure 11) lot of the total
deformation of the engine mounting bracket we can
conclude that the maximum value deformation is
taking place at the bracket connected to the engine.
This is the fact that maximum load and vibrations are
going to act on this part of the bracket. The highest
value deformation takes place on this side which is
having value of 2.5696 mm. the deformation for the
other side which is fixed to the body of the vehicle, is
almost zero for some part of it. The deformation goes
Fig 15: Third mode of Fig16: Fourth mode of
on increasing from the fixed end towards the side of
vibration vibration
the engine.
The third mode of vibration of the engine
mounting bracket is seen in the plot (fig 15) for
modal analysis. The part towards the engine of the
vehicle is not deformed too much, but from this point
to the side of the bracket which is fixed to the vehicle
structure is varying with deformation. The higher
value of deformation is at the upper corner of the
bracket. The side towards the vehicle structure is
largely deformed as seen from the figure above. The
frequency of vibration for this particular mode is
Fig 11: Total deformation Fig 12: Stress
distribution
210.62 Hz.
From the above plot (figure 16) of the total
MODAL ANALYSIS: deformation of the engine mounting bracket we can
It can be seen from the below plot of the conclude that the maximum value deformation is
deformation of the engine mounting bracket the taking place at the bottom side of the bracket
deformation is maximum at the end part which is connected to the engine. The frequency of vibration
connected to the engine of the vehicle. The maximum for this particular mode is 318.52 Hz. As seen from
value of the deformation is less at the end which is the figure 17 the values of deformation increasing
connected to the vehicle, which can be said at a fixed minimum to maximum from the end which is
one. The deformation increases from the fixed end to connected to the vehicle structure to the end of
1977 | P a g e
6. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
engine. The maximum value of deformation is seen at Table-3: Frequency comparison for Aluminum and
the of engine. The frequency of vibration for this magnesium Alloy’s
particular mode is 455.91 Hz. The need for low
weight materials in the vehicle is driving automobile
manufacturers to look to new material for use in their
products. Some studies suggest that 4.5 to 6% fuel
efficiency can be gained for every10% reduction in
vehicle weight. The typical magnesium alloy cast
part, is lighter compare to Aluminum or steel part.
Comparison between steel, Aluminum’s and
magnesium can be done for the material of the engine
mounting bracket as follows,
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
STRESS ANALYSIS:
Graph: Magnesium Alloy Graph: Aluminum Alloy
Aluminum Magnesium
alloy alloy From above graphs we can conclude that the
Von-Mises 26.758 Mpa 26.483 Mpa convergence of a frequency for magnesium material
stress(max) is good. The first excitation frequency value for
Total 1.6258 mm 2.5696 mm magnesium is higher than that of excitation frequency
deformation range of engine.
(max)
CONCLUSION
Table 2: Stress Analysis for Engine Mounting Bracket The finite element analysis tool has been
used to analyze the engine mounting bracket using
It can be seen from the above results that the CAE Package. This work is a contribution to the
value of the stress on the Aluminum bracket is not development of new material for engine mounting
varying too much than the stress value of magnesium bracket. The results obtained for the static structural
bracket for the same load. This is because of the fact and modal analysis have shown that the magnesium
that the area and force for both brackets are same. is better than aluminum. From the results it can be
The values of the total deformation are varying in seen that the magnesium bracket is safe for the
some large values. This is due to difference in the required application.
density of the materials. The main advantage of the magnesium
engine mounting bracket is its light weight. It will
MODAL ANALYSIS help in decreasing the weight of the power train
The values of frequencies are nearly same assembly, which can increase fuel efficiency.
for gray cast iron, Aluminum and magnesium Magnesium is recyclable; therefore it is an eco
bracket. The first excitation frequency value for friendly material. The magnesium bracket can be
magnesium is higher than that of excitation frequency manufactured with less amount of time and it posses
range of engine (1-150 HZ). longer life compared to an aluminium bracket. The
magnesium bracket is less susceptible to corrosion;
Frequency Aluminum Magnesium therefore they are better for the application of
alloy in Alloy in Hz bracket. The main problem of using magnesium
Hz instead of aluminum is its higher cost; but recent
First 76.121 75.108 studies have shown that the difference between costs
Frequency of aluminium and magnesium is decreasing. Also if
the use of magnesium in industries increases, its
Second 142.78 140.6
manufacturing cost will be definitely reduced.
Frequency
Third 213.26 210.62
Thus it can be concluded that magnesium
Frequency
can be preferred over aluminum as a material for an
Fourth 322.78 318.52
engine mounting bracket. Research in the direction of
Frequency
implementing magnesium engine mounting bracket
Fifth 462.57 455.91 instead of aluminum bracket has also proved that
Frequency magnesium brackets are better in various operating
Sixth 630.5 622.94 conditions.
Frequency
1978 | P a g e
7. Sahil Naghate, Sandeep Patil / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012, pp.1973-1979
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