This document provides an overview of intravenous (IV) therapy. It discusses the importance of IV therapy, the different types of IV fluids including crystalloids, colloids, blood products, and oxygen-carrying solutions. It also covers electrolyte balances and imbalances, common complications of IV therapy, terms and abbreviations, and references additional resources for more information. The document is a pocket guide that serves as an introduction to IV therapy and the various components involved.

1. IV THERAPYPOCKET GUIDE

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Basic Principles of IV Therapy 2. Fluids and Electolytes 3. IV Delivery Systems 4. Peripheral IV Therapy 5. Central IV Therapy 6. IV Therapy and the Nursing Process 7. Crystalloid Solutions 8. Colloid Solutions 9. Blood Component Therapy 10. Parenteral Therapy 11. Iv Pharmacological Therapy 12. IV Therapy and Infants and Children 13. IV Therapy and the Elderly 14. IV Therapy within Community-Based Settings

4. Plasma

6. Other cells

7. Establish or maintain a fluid or electrolyte balance

8. Administer continuous or intermittent medication

9. Administer bolus medication

10. Administer fluid to keep vein open

11. Administer blood or blood components

12. Administer intravenous anesthetics

13. Maintain or correct a patient's nutritional state

14. Administer diagnostic reagents

15. Monitor hemodynamic functionsIV fluids come in four different forms: • Colloids • Crystalloids • Blood and blood products • Oxygen-carrying solutions

18. Commonly Used Crystalloid IV Solutions http://instructor.mstc.edu/instructor/randers/documents/IV%20fluids%20chart.pdf

20. plasma / albumin

22. Fluid Imbalances

23. Electrolyte Imbalances http://www.modernmedicine.com/modernmedicine/data/articlestandard/rnweb/182005/158213/electrolyte_balance_may05_i2.gif

24. Positive Trousseau’s SignCarpopedal attitude of the hand when blood pressure cuff is placed on the arm and inflated above systolic pressure for 3 minutes. Positive reaction is the development of carpal spasm. Positive Chvostek’s Sign Occurs after tapping the facial nerve approximately 2 cm anterior to the earlobe. -- ---

26. Electrolyte Composition of Body Fluids http://www.fastbleep.com/medical-notes/other/15/31/205

27. Electrolyte Composition of IV Fluids

28. Common IV Formulas and Conversions

29. Comparing Needle and Catheter Gauges http://emprocedures.com/peripheraliv/equipment.htm

30. Complications of IV Therapy Bohony, J. (1993). 9 common IV complications and what to do about them. American Journal of Nursing, 93(10), 45-49. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

31. Common Terms and Abbreviations http://www.iv-infiltration-injuries.com/Practice-Areas/IV-Terms-and-Definitions.shtml

32. 9. Infusion-related complications 60 9.1 Phlebitis 60 9.2 Infiltration 60 9.3 Extravasation 61 9.4 Haematoma 61 9.5 Haemorrhage 62 9.6 Pneumothorax and haemothorax 62 9.7 Cardiac tamponade 63 9.8 Air embolism 63 9.9 Speedshock/fluid overload 64 9.10 Infusion-related bloodstream infections 64 9.11 Thrombosis 65 http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/78593/002179.pdf

33. References Lenox, A. C. (1990). IV THERAPY: REDUCING THE RISK OF INFECTION. Nursing, 20(3), 60-61. Retrieved from EBSCOhost Southern Nevada Regional Professional Development Program. (n.d.). Effects of Solutions on a Red Blood Cell. Retrieved http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v3/L8B2.htm Gasparis, L., Murray, E., & Ursomanno, P. (1989). I.V. solutions: which one's right for your patient?. Nursing, 19(4), 62-64. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.