Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood products into the circulatory system to treat conditions arranged by a doctor. Blood comes from unpaid and voluntary donors in Saudi hospitals and is collected with sterile, single-use equipment. Blood products include red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and more. Blood is typed by groups like A, B, AB, and O, and Rh factor. Tests for diseases like hepatitis, HIV, and syphilis are conducted before transfusion. The transfusion procedure involves verifying the order, preparing equipment, assessing the patient, administering through an IV line while monitoring for reactions, and following policy guidelines.

1. Blood Transfusion
Ahmad Thanin

2. Objectives

3. Definition
Blood Transfusion: is the process of
transferring blood or blood products into the
circulatory system.
Blood Transfusion is a treatment arranged by
doctor which involves giving blood or any
blood products to the vein.

4. Where does Blood come from
• In Saudi Arabia, Blood is obtained only from
unpaid and voluntary donors, mainly from
Governmental Hospitals
• Blood is collected with sterile equipment that
is used only once.

5. Blood Products
Red Cell
Platelet
Granulocyte
Fresh Frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
Cryopoor plasma
Stored plasma
Albumin
Immunoglobulin
Coagulation Factors
Plasma Derivatives
Plasma Components
Cellular Components
Blood

6. Blood Groups
Rh
Negative
A
B
AB
O Rh
Positive
A
B
AB
O

7. What tests are done on blood before
Transfusion?
Hepatitis
B
Hepatitis
C
HIV/AIDS Syphlis

8. Cross Match
Form
 Prepared within 1-2 days
before surgery.
 Complete all the blanks.
 Time of extracting the
blood is very important.
 Who extract the blood
must written.
 Status of the cross match
as hold, urgent or standby.
 Name of the physician and
signature or stamp.
 Date of the surgery if
found.
 Telephone Extension
Number.

9. Blood Donation
Form
 In elective cases, the
Surgeon has to fill the
form and give it to the
family for Blood donation
in any MOH Blood Bank,
Surgery will not happen
before that.
 In urgent cases, Blood
Bank Will give the blood
to OR and any
department, but the
family of the patient they
have to donate as almost
as the patient will take
continuously blood

10. Computability Tag

11. Blood Transfusion Equipment
• Blood Unit.
• Blood Unit Administer Set.
• Normal Saline 0.9 %.
• Multi Lead Tubing
• Three Way Stopcock.
• Clean disposable gloves or sterile.
• Pressure Bag.
• Blood Warmer if needed.
• Vital Signs Materials.
• Gauze, Syringes

12. Preparation
 verify the physician order for type and cross match in
order sheet or the system.
 Each transfusion event, each order shall include
complete name of the product, Volume (Number of
unit), administration time, pre medication orders if
indicated, or any special process.
 Assess the patient to set in a suitable position and fix
the extended arm for transfusion.
 Assess the patient to stay in bed rest while blood
administered.
 Patient Education about the steps of the procedures.
 Vital Signs before initiating the transfusion.

13. Preparation
 Observe the patient level of consciousness, Last
Urination, skin turgor and appearance.
Review the last recent Lab Result of CBC (HgB &
HCT).
If the patient already has an IV running check the
type of the solution that infusing, because only
NaCL 0.9% is compatible with blood products.
Assess patient history of allergy or any previous
reaction for blood.
Consent Form must signed before transfusion.

14. Procedure Steps
• E:Blood TransfusionBlood Transfusion.mp4

15. HMG/QAS/GEN 037 Policy
• A physician Order is required to administer blood or blood
products.
• Clinician must obtain and document consent for
blood/blood products prior administration.
• Inspect the blood prior administer for any changing in
color, cloudiness, clots, and excess air.
• Check the expiration date of blood unit.
• 2 staff nurses or 1 nurse with 1 doctor will apply the
procedure.
• Patient should monitored for any adverse affect which
should managed properly.
• Utilizing the universal precautions.