This document summarizes a study on using soil nailing and shotcreting techniques to reinforce unstable slopes. Soil nailing involves drilling steel reinforcing bars called nails into the slope at an angle and grouting them in place to restrict soil movement. Shotcreting involves spraying a concrete mixture over the slope surface and nail heads for additional support. The study tests an unreinforced model slope, a slope reinforced with nails at a 20 degree angle, and a slope reinforced with nails at a 10 degree angle. It finds that the slope with 10 degree nails can withstand the highest load before failing, demonstrating soil nailing is effective for improving slope stability.
Laboratory Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing St...IEI GSC
Presentation on Laboratory Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing Steel Industry Waste made by Damyanti Baghada under supervision of Dr C D Modhera, SVNIT at #33NCCE #IEIGSC
Join Andy Lister and Michael McQuaid for an introduction to the design basics behind Geosynthetics and MSE Walls!
The presenters will begin by introducing different geosynthetics and their uses, followed by focusing on geogrid properties and what you need to know when selecting and specifying different geogrids. You will then learn about how mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining walls work. This will include general design requirements, through the review of potential failure modes. The presenters will finish by discussing different MSE retaining wall facing options while highlighting successful past projects.
Soil Nails Reinforcement - Design nails soil stabilization --مسامير قضبان تسل...Dr.Youssef Hammida
تثبيت وتسليح - تربة الجدران - الساندة بالمسامير
تستخدم تقنية المسامير في تثبيت المنحدرات الترابية والجدران الاستنادية والأنفاق الى تدعيم حفريات التأسيس العميقة. وتتلخص الطريقة في غرز قضبان معدنية طويلة ذات المقطع الصغيرامام المنحدر المراد تدعيمه بحيث تخترق هذه القضبان كتلة التربة إلى مسافة ونباعدات محددة مثبتة في منطقة خارج مخروط الانهيار حيث يؤمن استقرار سطح التربة على وجه المنحدر بطبقة تغطية رقيقة من الحجر او الخرسانة المقذوفة مسلحة بشبكة معدمية إنشائية مهمتها حجز التربة بين المسامير ويثبت المسمار نفسه على طبقة البيتون المقذوف بصفيحة تثبيت معدنية مربعة الشكل
Soil nail wall - Soil nailing - soil nailing walls
Soil nailing is an earth retention technique using grouted tension-resisting steel elements (nails) that can be design for permanent or temporary support. The walls are generally constructed from the top down. Typically, 3 to 6 feet of soil is excavated from the top of the planned excavation. Near-horizontal holes are drilled into the exposed face at typically 3 to 6 foot centers. Tension-resisting steel bars are inserted into the holes and grouted. A drainage system is installed on the exposed face, followed by the application of reinforced shotcrete facing. Precast face
EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATIONLakshmi Narayanan
Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major finding of this project is a comparative study is based on application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting materials.
To determine the physical properties and their applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of grouting on stability of slope.
Laboratory Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing St...IEI GSC
Presentation on Laboratory Investigation on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Containing Steel Industry Waste made by Damyanti Baghada under supervision of Dr C D Modhera, SVNIT at #33NCCE #IEIGSC
Join Andy Lister and Michael McQuaid for an introduction to the design basics behind Geosynthetics and MSE Walls!
The presenters will begin by introducing different geosynthetics and their uses, followed by focusing on geogrid properties and what you need to know when selecting and specifying different geogrids. You will then learn about how mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining walls work. This will include general design requirements, through the review of potential failure modes. The presenters will finish by discussing different MSE retaining wall facing options while highlighting successful past projects.
Soil Nails Reinforcement - Design nails soil stabilization --مسامير قضبان تسل...Dr.Youssef Hammida
تثبيت وتسليح - تربة الجدران - الساندة بالمسامير
تستخدم تقنية المسامير في تثبيت المنحدرات الترابية والجدران الاستنادية والأنفاق الى تدعيم حفريات التأسيس العميقة. وتتلخص الطريقة في غرز قضبان معدنية طويلة ذات المقطع الصغيرامام المنحدر المراد تدعيمه بحيث تخترق هذه القضبان كتلة التربة إلى مسافة ونباعدات محددة مثبتة في منطقة خارج مخروط الانهيار حيث يؤمن استقرار سطح التربة على وجه المنحدر بطبقة تغطية رقيقة من الحجر او الخرسانة المقذوفة مسلحة بشبكة معدمية إنشائية مهمتها حجز التربة بين المسامير ويثبت المسمار نفسه على طبقة البيتون المقذوف بصفيحة تثبيت معدنية مربعة الشكل
Soil nail wall - Soil nailing - soil nailing walls
Soil nailing is an earth retention technique using grouted tension-resisting steel elements (nails) that can be design for permanent or temporary support. The walls are generally constructed from the top down. Typically, 3 to 6 feet of soil is excavated from the top of the planned excavation. Near-horizontal holes are drilled into the exposed face at typically 3 to 6 foot centers. Tension-resisting steel bars are inserted into the holes and grouted. A drainage system is installed on the exposed face, followed by the application of reinforced shotcrete facing. Precast face
EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATIONLakshmi Narayanan
Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major finding of this project is a comparative study is based on application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting materials.
To determine the physical properties and their applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of grouting on stability of slope.
An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymerijtsrd
The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47711.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47711/an-experimental-study-of-soil-stabilization-with-cement-and-polymer/sankalp-jain
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF NATURAL JUTE FIBRES A CASE STUDYIAEME Publication
Soil reinforcement technique is one of the most popular techniques used for improvement of poor soils. Metal strips, synthetic geotextiles, geogrid sheets, natural geotextiles, randomly distributed, synthetic and natural fibres are being used as reinforcing materials to soil. Further, the soil reinforcement causes significant improvement in tensile strength, shear strength, other properties, bearing capacity as well as economy. Use of natural fibre in civil engineering for improving soil properties is advantageous because they are cheap, locally available, biodegradable and environmental friendly. India has large tracks resting on expansive soil covering an area of 0.8million square meters which is about 20% of total area of India .These expansive soils undergo causes volumetric changes with change in moisture contents, swelling and shrinkage of these soil causes severe damage to the foundations, buildings, roads, retaining structures etc.In this project an attempt is made to study the influence of jute fibre reinforcement on cbr properties of expansive soil with increasing percentages 1%, 2% &3%.
Application of Jute Fiber in the Improvement of Subgrade CharacteristicsIDES Editor
For the development of any country, a satisfactory
mode of transport and communication is indispensable. This
can be achieved through a transportation system, which is
economically viable. Economy in road network can be achieved
through economical pavement design. The entire load coming
over the infrastructure is ultimately transmitted to the
subgrade. Load carrying and dispersion capacity of subgrade
soil play a vital role in civil engineering. In case of highway a
weak subgrade results in greater thickness of pavement layer,
so that the stresses on the subgrade are inconsonant with
their load carrying capacity. Empirically flexible pavements
are designed on the basis of CBR value of the subgrade and
traffic on the proposed road. As per IRC recommendation
increase in CBR value from 2.0% to 5.0% reduces the thickness
requirement by 35% for 1.0 msa of traffic. Therefore
improvement in subgrade has always been an area of concern
to highway and geotechnical engineers. In the present study
a series of Proctor Compaction tests and California Bearing
Ratio tests have been carried out on soil mixed with jute fiber.
Jute fibers of different diameters (2 to 8mm) and lengths (0.5
to 2.0 mm) are mixed in the subgrade in different percentage
(0.2 to 1.0%) to find out the optimal quantity. Proctor and
CBR test results are presented in the paper.
Shear Behavior of Sand Reinforced with Plastic StripsEditorIJAERD
This research study presents the experimental work carried out to study the effect of plastic strips on shear
behavior of sand. Here, in this study sand has been used as base material and plastic strips as reinforcement material.
Small direct shear box applied as indicator test on sand in reinforced and plain/unreinforced conditions. Grain size
distribution tests and modified proctor tests were conducted on sand specimens in plain condition. In first attempt direct
shear tests were conducted under different normal stress conditions on representative specimens of sand in
plain/unreinforced conditions and various parameters of direct shear tests were considered. In second attempt sand
specimens were reinforced with random inclusions of plastic strips of different sizes and concentration of 0.1% and 0.2%
of the weight of dry soil specimen. Direct shear tests were repeated under different normal stress conditions as followed
in case of unreinforced conditions, and various parameters of direct shear tests were considered as followed in case of
plain/unreinforced sand specimens. Results of reinforced and unreinforced conditions specimens were matched. It was
observed that reinforced sand specimens yields better results than unreinforced sand specimens. An improvement in
angle of internal friction of sand was found as 16.67% with plastic strips dimensions of 6x15mm and at concentration of
0.2% of weight of sand specimen, so graphs of compression/dilation, shear stress and Mohr-Coulomb envelops of the
corresponding plastic strips dimension and concentration have been presented in this paper
An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymerijtsrd
The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47711.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47711/an-experimental-study-of-soil-stabilization-with-cement-and-polymer/sankalp-jain
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF NATURAL JUTE FIBRES A CASE STUDYIAEME Publication
Soil reinforcement technique is one of the most popular techniques used for improvement of poor soils. Metal strips, synthetic geotextiles, geogrid sheets, natural geotextiles, randomly distributed, synthetic and natural fibres are being used as reinforcing materials to soil. Further, the soil reinforcement causes significant improvement in tensile strength, shear strength, other properties, bearing capacity as well as economy. Use of natural fibre in civil engineering for improving soil properties is advantageous because they are cheap, locally available, biodegradable and environmental friendly. India has large tracks resting on expansive soil covering an area of 0.8million square meters which is about 20% of total area of India .These expansive soils undergo causes volumetric changes with change in moisture contents, swelling and shrinkage of these soil causes severe damage to the foundations, buildings, roads, retaining structures etc.In this project an attempt is made to study the influence of jute fibre reinforcement on cbr properties of expansive soil with increasing percentages 1%, 2% &3%.
Application of Jute Fiber in the Improvement of Subgrade CharacteristicsIDES Editor
For the development of any country, a satisfactory
mode of transport and communication is indispensable. This
can be achieved through a transportation system, which is
economically viable. Economy in road network can be achieved
through economical pavement design. The entire load coming
over the infrastructure is ultimately transmitted to the
subgrade. Load carrying and dispersion capacity of subgrade
soil play a vital role in civil engineering. In case of highway a
weak subgrade results in greater thickness of pavement layer,
so that the stresses on the subgrade are inconsonant with
their load carrying capacity. Empirically flexible pavements
are designed on the basis of CBR value of the subgrade and
traffic on the proposed road. As per IRC recommendation
increase in CBR value from 2.0% to 5.0% reduces the thickness
requirement by 35% for 1.0 msa of traffic. Therefore
improvement in subgrade has always been an area of concern
to highway and geotechnical engineers. In the present study
a series of Proctor Compaction tests and California Bearing
Ratio tests have been carried out on soil mixed with jute fiber.
Jute fibers of different diameters (2 to 8mm) and lengths (0.5
to 2.0 mm) are mixed in the subgrade in different percentage
(0.2 to 1.0%) to find out the optimal quantity. Proctor and
CBR test results are presented in the paper.
Shear Behavior of Sand Reinforced with Plastic StripsEditorIJAERD
This research study presents the experimental work carried out to study the effect of plastic strips on shear
behavior of sand. Here, in this study sand has been used as base material and plastic strips as reinforcement material.
Small direct shear box applied as indicator test on sand in reinforced and plain/unreinforced conditions. Grain size
distribution tests and modified proctor tests were conducted on sand specimens in plain condition. In first attempt direct
shear tests were conducted under different normal stress conditions on representative specimens of sand in
plain/unreinforced conditions and various parameters of direct shear tests were considered. In second attempt sand
specimens were reinforced with random inclusions of plastic strips of different sizes and concentration of 0.1% and 0.2%
of the weight of dry soil specimen. Direct shear tests were repeated under different normal stress conditions as followed
in case of unreinforced conditions, and various parameters of direct shear tests were considered as followed in case of
plain/unreinforced sand specimens. Results of reinforced and unreinforced conditions specimens were matched. It was
observed that reinforced sand specimens yields better results than unreinforced sand specimens. An improvement in
angle of internal friction of sand was found as 16.67% with plastic strips dimensions of 6x15mm and at concentration of
0.2% of weight of sand specimen, so graphs of compression/dilation, shear stress and Mohr-Coulomb envelops of the
corresponding plastic strips dimension and concentration have been presented in this paper
Soil Nailing technique( a brief study in the domain of Geotechnical Engineering)ABDULSATTAR294
In this ppt., the technique of soil nailing has been explained in detail.
It covers topics such as Introduction, historical background, method of placing, applications and advantages.
Distribution of petroleum product within the oil rich Niger Delta area of Nigeria is a daunting
task because of its deltaic nature. To solve this challenge, fixed fuel dispensing stations will be built in the
coastal environment to receive and make supplies available to fishermen and marine transporters. Building of
such fuel stations require proper foundation design. Soil test results of the region was obtained and a foundation
design was made to ascertain the number of piles pile depth, pile spacing, skin friction, lateral load bearing
capacity and end bearing capacity. API codes where used to check and ensure that the results obtained are
within safety limits. This will ensure that the offshore structure completes it intended and designed life span.
Soil Nailing is a technique to reinforce and strengthen ground adjacent to an excavation by installing closely spaced steel bars called “nails” ,as construction proceeds from top down
Similar to IRJET- Study on the Behavior of Slope using Soil Nailing and Shotcreting (20)
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.