Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major finding of this project is a comparative study is based on application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting materials.
To determine the physical properties and their applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of grouting on stability of slope.
Stabilization in a broad sense incorporates the various methods employed for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being in the construction of road and airfield pavements, where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce the construction cost by making best use of locally available materials.
Stabilization in a broad sense incorporates the various methods employed for modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance. Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being in the construction of road and airfield pavements, where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce the construction cost by making best use of locally available materials.
This presentation is all about Shear Strength of Soil and it's importance in Civil Engineering, application of shear strength, direct shear test, mohr's circle, mohr's coulomb, shear strength, triaxial shear test, unconfined compression test, vane shear test
SHEAR STRENGTH THEORY
the shear strength of any material is the load per unit area or pressure that it can withstand before undergoing shearing failure.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Lecture 11 Shear Strength of Soil CE240Wajahat Ullah
Shear Strength of Soil
Shear strength in soils
Introduction
Definitions
Mohr-Coulomb criterion
Introduction
Lab tests for getting the shear strength
Direct shear test
Introduction
Procedure & calculation
Critical void ratio
BOUSSINESQ THEORY
VERTICAL STRESS DUE TO POINT LOAD
TABLE FOR VALUES OF BOUSSINESQ’S COEFFICIENT (퐼_퐵)
SOME POINTS FOR USING THE BOUSSINESQ’S EQUATION.
LIMITATIONS OF BOUSSINESQ’S SOLUTION.
EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATIONLakshmi Narayanan
Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major finding of this project is a comparative study is based on application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting materials.
To determine the physical properties and their applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of grouting on stability of slope.
This presentation is all about Shear Strength of Soil and it's importance in Civil Engineering, application of shear strength, direct shear test, mohr's circle, mohr's coulomb, shear strength, triaxial shear test, unconfined compression test, vane shear test
SHEAR STRENGTH THEORY
the shear strength of any material is the load per unit area or pressure that it can withstand before undergoing shearing failure.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Lecture 11 Shear Strength of Soil CE240Wajahat Ullah
Shear Strength of Soil
Shear strength in soils
Introduction
Definitions
Mohr-Coulomb criterion
Introduction
Lab tests for getting the shear strength
Direct shear test
Introduction
Procedure & calculation
Critical void ratio
BOUSSINESQ THEORY
VERTICAL STRESS DUE TO POINT LOAD
TABLE FOR VALUES OF BOUSSINESQ’S COEFFICIENT (퐼_퐵)
SOME POINTS FOR USING THE BOUSSINESQ’S EQUATION.
LIMITATIONS OF BOUSSINESQ’S SOLUTION.
EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATIONLakshmi Narayanan
Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major finding of this project is a comparative study is based on application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting materials.
To determine the physical properties and their applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of grouting on stability of slope.
Heavy duty pavements are pavements subjected to the extremely heavy wheel loads associated with freight handling vehicles in industrial facilities, such as container terminals and warehouses. Heavy duty pavement need to handle many types of freight handling vehicles, such as forklifts, straddle carriers, gantry cranes and side loaders. Heavy duty pavement often deals with slow moving or even static traffic load with ultra high load magnitude. Furthermore, the load wandering for heavy duty pavement such as contain port or warehouse is more significant than normal highway or urban road pavement. The goal of pavement design is to determine the number, material composition and thickness of the different layers within a pavement structure required to accommodate a given loading regime.
Heavy duty pavements are pavements subjected to the extremely heavy wheel loads associated with freight handling vehicles in industrial facilities, such as container terminals and warehouses. Heavy duty pavement need to handle many types of freight handling vehicles, such as forklifts, straddle carriers, gantry cranes and side loaders. The purpose of pavement design is to determine the number, material composition and thickness of different layers within a pavement structure required to accommodate a given loading condition.
An On-Situ Study of Stability Analysis on Slopes Using Undrained Shear Streng...IOSR Journals
The slope stability problems in residual soil are receiving increasing attention in recent years. The
stability of slope is one of the important criteria where consider worldwide for a wide range of engineering
projects. The rainfall seems to be the most common cause for landslide in residual soil slope. After a period of
continuous rainfall, soil becomes saturated and a wetting front is developed because of infiltration of rainwater
into the ground and into the slope surface respectively. The objective of the paper is to find threshold slope
based on undrained shear strength parameters.
Predicting the Workability of Fresh Concrete Using Simple Pull-out TestIJRESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Workability is one of the physical parameters of concrete which affect strength and durability as well as cost of labour and appearance of the finished product. It is a vital property of concrete that must be measured correctly to ensure good quality concrete. This research study is directed towards exploring the pullout test as an alternative test for workability of fresh concrete. The study measured the slump, compacting factor and pull-out strength for fresh concrete with water/cement ratios of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 representing very low, medium and high workability. Result showed that a pull-out strength of 72 – 94N/mm2 is required for concrete of very low degree of workability while pull-out strength of 62 – 65N/mm2 is required for concrete of high degree of workability in accordance with the requirement of Road Note No. 4. The result was validated by comparing measured and calculated compacting factor and the average ratio of calculated and measured compactive factor was found to be 1.01. The calibration of calculated and measured compacting factor resulted in coefficient of determination R2 of 0.998. These results indicate that pull-out strength is a good predictor of compacting factor and by extension workability of fresh concrete. The simple pull-out test was recommended as an alternative test to compacting factor, slump and V-B consistometer tests in measuring workability of fresh concrete.
Applicatio of Soil Structure Interaction in the analysis of flexible retainin...NikhilGautam68
Analysis and study of Soil Structure Interaction (ssi) in retaining wall. This presentation will help you in understanding the role of SSI in the making of a retaining wall which also expands the opportunity of research to great extent.
The main objectives are as follows:
1. To analyse the deformation of the structural system based on mobilised earth pressure and soil resistance along the wall.
2. To use non linear p-y curve for modelling the passive resistance of soils due to lateral deformation of embedded wall section.
3. To analyse group affect on pile
Hope it helps.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATION
1. EFFECT OF GROUTING ON STABILITY OF SLOPE AND
UNSUPPORTED STEEP EXCAVATION
LAKSHMINARAYANAN B.
ARUNKUMAR M
BOOMINATHAN
1
2. Abstract
Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a major area
of concern in civil engineering. To measure the effect of grouting
on stability of slope, a scaled down prototype is created and
cement grouting is applied by penetration method. The major
finding of this project is a comparative study is based on
application of grouting and the performance of the soil slope
without grouting.
Objectives of the project
To determine the characteristics of soil and grouting
materials.
To determine the physical properties and their
applicability in different type of soil.
The main aim of the project is to find the effect of
grouting on stability of slope.
2
3. Grouting
Grouting is used for the process of pressure injection of
grouting material into pores and cavities of soil. In many
difficult situations grouting has been proven to be one of the
effective methods of ground improvement.
Slope
Slopes are an exposed ground surface that stands at an
angle with the horizontal. Slope is stable- (a), if the resistance
offered is more than applied force otherwise unstable -(b).
3
4. Application and Function of Grouting
Permeation or penetration
Compaction or controlled displacement
Hydro fracturing or uncontrolled displacement.
Types of Grouting
Fine grouts
Coarse grouts
Combined grouts
4
6. Literature review
6
1) Title - Developments in Design and Execution in Grouting
Practice1, Indian Geotechnical Journal, 40(1), 2010, 1 – 37
Author - A.V. Shroff
Inference - Grouting application & functions, types of grout & grout mix
design.
2) Title - Performance of a large-scale slope model subjected to rising and
lowering of water table, ELSEVIER journal, Engineering
geology 2009
Author – G.W. Jia
Inference – Understanding of physical behaviour and failure mode of
saturated – unsaturated soil slope subjected to water level
fluctuation.
7. Literature review
7
3) Title - Groutability of soil on overview, Indian geotechnical conference.
Dec 2011 IIT Madras.
Author - Dr. S. R. Gandhi.
Inference- Types of grouts & their applicability of soil, grout selection criteria.
4) Title - Slope stability analysis techniques : a review, IJEAST-2016
Author - Dr. R.K. Sharma
Inference- Slope stability analysis methods and techniques, Problems with
stabilization of slope, Risk and Reliabiliy.
8. Materials Used
8
Steel tank Loading frame
Magnetic dial gauge Plywood
Magnetic dial gauge Plywood
Syringe Weight plates
Soil sample
9. Proctor Compaction Test
9
Purpose of the test
To determine the relation between
the moisture content and dry density
of soil using proctor compaction.
Findings
(i) The maximum dry density of
sample soil from graph is
2.25g/cm3
(ii)The optimum moisture content from
the graph is 10%
Proctor compaction
mould
11. Direct Shear Test for Soil
11
Purpose of the test
To determine the shearing strength of the soil using the direct
shear apparatus
Direct shear test apparatus Failure of soil after testing
12. Graph for direct shear test
12
0, 0
0.5, 0.3
1, 0.6
1.5, 0.9
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Shearstress-τ
(kg/cm2)
Normal stress - σ ( kg/cm2)
31°
14. Sequence of experimental work
14
Creation of scaled down prototype
Filling the soil layers
Without grout With grout
Applying of load Drilling of holes
Analyzing of failure pattern Mixing & applying
of cement grout
Applying of load
Analyzing the effect of
grout
15. 1.Testing of Scaled down prototype with out
grouting
15
The slope is created manually in the mould and is tested for
the stability without grouting. The settlement and resisting
stress is calculated.
16. 16
Testing of model without grouting
Loading & measuring settlement Failure pattern of soil slope
17. 17
Graph for slope without grouting
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15
Stress- σ (N/mm2)
18. 2)Soil slope with horizontal grouting
18
Soil slope is created in the model to test the stability of
the slope with horizontal grouting. The settlement is calculated.
Applying of grouting Failure of slope after
horizontal grouting
20. 3)Soil slope with inclined angle (45⁰) grout
20
Soil slope is created in the model to test the stability of
the slope with inclined angle grouting. The settlement is
calculated.
Applying of grouting Testing of inclined grouted
soil slope
22. 4)Steep soil slope with inclined angle (45⁰) grout
22
Steep soil slope (90⁰) is created in the model to test the
stability of the slope with inclined angle grouting. The
settlement is calculated.
Applying of grouting Failure in steep slope
25. Result & Conclusion
25
The large settlement and failure occurred at the 40º slope
scaled down prototype during raising of load, the observed
failure appeared at 515 N in the condition of without grouting.
Failure occurred at 40º soil slope at 1115 N in the condition of
grouting at horizontal angle.
Failure occurred at 40º soil slope at 1704 N in the condition of
grouting with an angle of 45º.
Failure occurred at Steep soil slope (90º) at 1273 N in the
condition of grouting with an angle of 45º.
Finally it concludes the positive increasing of strength is
achieved when the slope is stabilized by cement grouting.
26. References
• A.V. Shroff, Developments in Design and Execution in Grouting Practice1, Indian
Geotechnical Journal, 40(1), 2010, 1 – 37
• Dr. S.R.Gandhi, Groutabilty of Soil, Indian geotechnical conference 2011, IIT
Madras
• Dr. K. V. B. Raju, Dr. S. Sankaran. Improvement of Coarse grained soil by
permeation grouting using cement based HPMC, International Journal of Emerging
Technology and Advanced Engineering
• Professor Kamran , Mr. M. Nemati. Excavations and Excavation Supports,
University of Washington
• Mr.Amritpal Kaur, Slope Stability Analysis Techniques: A Review , International
Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2016 Vol. 1, Issue 4, ISSN
No. 2455-2143.
• ( IS : 2720 (Part XXXIXSec 1) – 1977 ) Indian Standard Method of Test for Soils,
Direct Shear Test for Soils containing Gravel
26