This document discusses service quality regulation in distribution systems with high penetration of renewable distributed energy resources. It investigates the impacts of different service quality regulations, including performance-based regulation and minimum quality standards, on reliability performance and investment decisions of distribution utilities. The document analyzes how reward-penalty schemes and minimum quality standards can be designed and implemented as regulatory tools. It also examines how these regulations may influence distribution automation strategies adopted by utilities. The methodology is tested on a test distribution system, with the impacts of different automation and regulation schemes evaluated over two five-year periods.
Electricity Markets and Quality of Supply RegulationLeonardo ENERGY
Highlights:
* Asks why quality regulation is necessary.
* Explains different dimensions of quality of supply.
* Discusses elements in regulation of quality of supply.
* Presents quality standards and levels to be set.
* Discusses quality incentive schemes.
Economical and Reliable Expansion Alternative of Composite Power System under...IJECEIAES
The paper intends to select the most economical and reliable expansion alternative of a composite power system to meet the expected future load growth. In order to reduce time computational quantity, a heuristic algorithm is adopted for composite power system reliability evaluation is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on Monte-Carlo simulation method. The reliability indices are estimated for system base case and for the case of adding peaking generation units. The least cost reserve margin for the addition of five 20MW generating units sequentially is determined. Using the proposed algorithm an increment comparison approach used to illustrate the effect of the added units on the interruption and on the annual net gain costs. A flow chart introduced to explain the basic methodology to have an adequate assessment of a power system using Monte Carlo Simulation. The IEEE RTS (24-bus, 38-line) and The Jordanian Electrical Power System (46bus and 92-line) were examined to illustrate how to make decisions in power system planning and expansions.
DLV Engineers Energy and Power profile 24Oct16Kobus Morgan
1. DLV Engineers provides energy consulting services including reducing electricity costs, improving supply quality and reliability, and making clients less reliant on the grid through interventions like energy audits, tariff analysis, efficiency upgrades, demand management, and power generation solutions.
2. Services include comprehensive metering, load profiling, identifying savings opportunities, and developing a plan for implementing recommended interventions in a cost-effective manner while considering budget and regulatory factors.
3. Solutions range from simple measures to independent microgrid systems utilizing various generation sources, and can include power export and trading excess power generated. Larger clients may benefit from an integrated utility management program.
This document summarizes an article that proposes an automatic demand response controller with a load shifting algorithm implemented using MATLAB software. The controller monitors generation capacity and customer demand to optimally schedule loads to reduce peak demand and stabilize the load curve. A mathematical model is presented that shifts loads in priority order from the lowest to highest load if total demand exceeds generation capacity. The model was tested on an 8 bus system in MATLAB and successfully stabilized the load curve to better manage power demand according to supply conditions.
This chapter examines the economic impact of transmission networks on their users. It discusses how transmission networks can affect system operation costs through losses and constraints. Losses occur as some power is lost as heat during transmission, requiring more generation. Constraints may require more costly generation if cheaper options violate transmission limits. The chapter also notes the importance of location - both in determining the impact of individual users on losses and constraints, and in allocating network costs to users based on their contributing locations.
Utilities must embrace a fresh approach to managing peak demand and system security through smart metering. This includes motivating consumers to conserve energy and shift usage away from peak times, justifying smart meter investments through broader benefits, and increasing market transparency. Most utility executives favor innovative smart metering programs to meet priorities while realizing additional benefits. Utilities must leverage smart meter investments to support demand response, grid planning, reliability, and new services.
With Smart Grids in the foreseeable future, Demand-Side Management (DSM) is on the cusp of a revolution that will forever alter the way that homes and businesses use electricity. To add to the positive DSM buzz, budgets to facilitate Smart Grid planning and implementation are on the rise, according to a recent March survey by Microsoft. In the survey, 73 percent of utility professionals and executives surveyed said budgets for these efforts are on the rise. Governments and utilities have long sought to improve DSM through conservation and load management programs. To gain insight into this transformation, Zpryme examined the level of investment by utilities in DSM over the past 5 years while acknowledging their sales (MWh) and revenue.
Electricity Markets and Quality of Supply RegulationLeonardo ENERGY
Highlights:
* Asks why quality regulation is necessary.
* Explains different dimensions of quality of supply.
* Discusses elements in regulation of quality of supply.
* Presents quality standards and levels to be set.
* Discusses quality incentive schemes.
Economical and Reliable Expansion Alternative of Composite Power System under...IJECEIAES
The paper intends to select the most economical and reliable expansion alternative of a composite power system to meet the expected future load growth. In order to reduce time computational quantity, a heuristic algorithm is adopted for composite power system reliability evaluation is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on Monte-Carlo simulation method. The reliability indices are estimated for system base case and for the case of adding peaking generation units. The least cost reserve margin for the addition of five 20MW generating units sequentially is determined. Using the proposed algorithm an increment comparison approach used to illustrate the effect of the added units on the interruption and on the annual net gain costs. A flow chart introduced to explain the basic methodology to have an adequate assessment of a power system using Monte Carlo Simulation. The IEEE RTS (24-bus, 38-line) and The Jordanian Electrical Power System (46bus and 92-line) were examined to illustrate how to make decisions in power system planning and expansions.
DLV Engineers Energy and Power profile 24Oct16Kobus Morgan
1. DLV Engineers provides energy consulting services including reducing electricity costs, improving supply quality and reliability, and making clients less reliant on the grid through interventions like energy audits, tariff analysis, efficiency upgrades, demand management, and power generation solutions.
2. Services include comprehensive metering, load profiling, identifying savings opportunities, and developing a plan for implementing recommended interventions in a cost-effective manner while considering budget and regulatory factors.
3. Solutions range from simple measures to independent microgrid systems utilizing various generation sources, and can include power export and trading excess power generated. Larger clients may benefit from an integrated utility management program.
This document summarizes an article that proposes an automatic demand response controller with a load shifting algorithm implemented using MATLAB software. The controller monitors generation capacity and customer demand to optimally schedule loads to reduce peak demand and stabilize the load curve. A mathematical model is presented that shifts loads in priority order from the lowest to highest load if total demand exceeds generation capacity. The model was tested on an 8 bus system in MATLAB and successfully stabilized the load curve to better manage power demand according to supply conditions.
This chapter examines the economic impact of transmission networks on their users. It discusses how transmission networks can affect system operation costs through losses and constraints. Losses occur as some power is lost as heat during transmission, requiring more generation. Constraints may require more costly generation if cheaper options violate transmission limits. The chapter also notes the importance of location - both in determining the impact of individual users on losses and constraints, and in allocating network costs to users based on their contributing locations.
Utilities must embrace a fresh approach to managing peak demand and system security through smart metering. This includes motivating consumers to conserve energy and shift usage away from peak times, justifying smart meter investments through broader benefits, and increasing market transparency. Most utility executives favor innovative smart metering programs to meet priorities while realizing additional benefits. Utilities must leverage smart meter investments to support demand response, grid planning, reliability, and new services.
With Smart Grids in the foreseeable future, Demand-Side Management (DSM) is on the cusp of a revolution that will forever alter the way that homes and businesses use electricity. To add to the positive DSM buzz, budgets to facilitate Smart Grid planning and implementation are on the rise, according to a recent March survey by Microsoft. In the survey, 73 percent of utility professionals and executives surveyed said budgets for these efforts are on the rise. Governments and utilities have long sought to improve DSM through conservation and load management programs. To gain insight into this transformation, Zpryme examined the level of investment by utilities in DSM over the past 5 years while acknowledging their sales (MWh) and revenue.
This document reviews transmission pricing methods in restructured electricity markets. It discusses two main approaches: 1) pricing fixed and variable transmission costs simultaneously using locational marginal pricing, as seen in centralized US markets, and 2) calculating fixed and variable costs separately using point of connection tariffs, as seen in decentralized European and Indian markets. The paper focuses on embedded transmission pricing methods for calculating the allocated cost of existing transmission infrastructure to transmission users. It tests various embedded cost calculation methods on sample power systems.
This document provides an overview of congestion management in power systems. It discusses that congestion occurs when the physical or operational limits of the transmission network are reached. Congestion management aims to prioritize transactions to avoid overloading the network. It involves both precautionary actions by system operators to allow only transactions within limits, and remedial actions if congestion occurs in real-time due to unscheduled flows. The document then covers various congestion management methods including explicit auctions, implicit auctions, market splitting, counter trading, and re-dispatching. It compares the characteristics and examples of different market-based and non-market based approaches.
Economic Development Rates For UtilitiesJohn Wolfram
Economic development rates (EDRs) provide discounted utility rates to attract new businesses and encourage existing business expansion. EDRs aim to give utilities an advantage in business site selection. Key features of EDRs include temporary discounts that phase out over time, caps on total discounts, and ensuring other customers are no worse off. Regulators determine if discounts are paid by other customers or shareholders, with many allowing recovery from other rates between rate cases. EDRs following common principles can boost utilities while promoting economic growth.
Electricity Markets Regulation - Lesson 8 - PricingLeonardo ENERGY
Once the revenue requirements are established they should be converted into tariff systems. This session explains the major economic principles of electricity pricing and the general pricing models using average and marginal costs. Moreover the session explores the major pricing models for the electricity activities including: generation, transmission, distribution and retail activities.
* Pricing principles : economic efficiency - cost recovery
* General pricing models : average cost pricing - marginal cost pricing
* Cost allocation issue
* Pricing for different activities in the electricity industry : generation pricing - transmission pricing - distribution pricing - retail supply pricing
The document provides a business update for May 2018 that includes the following information:
- It discusses SCE's significant infrastructure investment and above average rate base growth driven by safety, reliability, grid modernization, and California's low-carbon objectives. Rate base is forecasted to grow by 9.7% annually through 2020.
- Key regulatory proceedings and drivers of long-term growth for SCE are outlined, including grid modernization, energy storage, transmission needs, and transportation electrification.
- SCE has a decoupled regulatory framework with major balancing accounts that promote energy conservation and stabilize revenues.
- An overview of SCE's efforts around California's wildfire risk mitigation is provided,
SCE provides electricity to 15 million customers across 50,000 square miles in central and southern California. SCE is forecasting average annual rate base growth of 9.7% through 2020, driven by safety, reliability, and California's clean energy goals. Key drivers of growth include grid modernization, energy storage, and expanding electric vehicle charging infrastructure. SCE operates under a decoupled regulatory framework with balancing accounts that promote energy conservation and revenue stability.
Electricity Demand Side Management and End-use efficiencyeecfncci
This presentation give an overview about demand side management and end-use efficiency for electricity supply systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
bidding strategies in indian restructured power marketKomal Nigam
This document provides an outline for a thesis on bidding strategies in the Indian power market. It includes an introduction to the Indian power market and deregulation. It discusses topics that will be covered like transmission pricing, bidding classifications and mechanisms, literature review outcomes and objectives. It provides timelines and references that will be used. In summaries the key aspects of the deregulated market and the research problem around determining market clearing prices with multiple generators and constraints.
1. The document discusses information sharing and strategic partnerships in supply chains. It proposes a modeling framework using three interconnected network structures to model information flows, coordination of events, and learning of negotiation strategies.
2. A key challenge in supply chains is the "bullwhip effect", where demand variability amplifies as it moves up the supply chain due to a lack of information sharing. Centralized information sharing can help reduce this effect.
3. Strategic partnerships and information technology enable closer coordination between supply chain members, increased information flows, and a more profitable overall supply chain through cooperative decision making.
The document discusses demand side management (DSM) in the context of distribution generation and smart grids. It defines DSM as modifying consumer energy demand through methods like financial incentives or education. The goal is usually to encourage reducing energy use during peak hours or shifting it to off-peak times. This helps reduce the need for network and power plant investments to meet peak demand. The document then outlines various DSM programs and strategies like demand response, time-of-use pricing, and direct load control.
21st C.Electric Distribution System Operations, 2014Paul De Martini
L. Kristov & P. De Martini paper that defines Distribution System Operator and provides a framework to considering a range of business and policy issues.
This document summarizes research on approaches to managing congestion in deregulated electricity markets. It reviews various congestion management methods that have been proposed, including nodal pricing, price area congestion management, available transfer capability based approaches, using thyristor controlled phase shifting transformers, and flexible AC transmission systems devices. It also discusses optimization techniques that have been applied to congestion management problems, such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. The document provides examples of research on applying these different congestion management methods and optimization techniques to address transmission network congestion issues in deregulated power systems.
Congestion management in the context of deregulationPulakesh k kalita
This document discusses congestion management in the context of deregulated electricity markets. It begins by defining deregulation and describing the current deregulated scenario. Congestion occurs when there is insufficient transmission capacity to meet market demand. In deregulated markets with open transmission access, generation patterns can change rapidly based on market forces, requiring congestion management schemes. Various methods of congestion management are described, including re-dispatching transactions, priority-based rules, and auctioning of transmission capacity. Market splitting and market coupling are two approaches used to integrate markets across congested transmission lines. The role of an independent system operator in maintaining reliability while promoting economic efficiency is also outlined.
EE 39 Power System Restoration Strategy During Emergency & BlackoutRina Florentes
The document provides information about an upcoming 5-day energy conservation and demand side management course in Dubai from December 6-10, 2015. It outlines the course objectives, contents, speakers, fees and registration details. The course will cover topics such as energy supply and demand, electrical consumption surveys, load management techniques, improving equipment efficiency and thermal unit efficiency, demand side management strategies and impacts, energy management programs, energy audits, and green technology mechanics. Participants will gain an understanding of demand-side management and its applications.
Unified Energy Services provides a holistic approach to energy procurement, demand side management, and facility management. It was acquired by Tullett Prebon, the #1 rated interdealer commodities broker. Unified Energy leverages Tullett Prebon's international capabilities and more than 150 years of combined energy experience to offer proprietary demand response programs, commodity procurement from over 75 suppliers, and data management systems to track energy usage and costs.
Regulatory incentives for reduction of network lossesLeonardo ENERGY
Environmental concerns remain a driving force for European energy policy, as exemplified by last years’ directive on energy efficiency. The directive sets the legislative framework to achieve energy efficiency targets. Since electricity network losses comprise a significant component of electricity demand, regulatory incentives to facilitate loss reduction in electricity networks should be in place. This webinar evaluates the incentives for investments in low-loss equipment in differing regulatory settings and outlines pathways to assure the proper embedding of these incentives.
Transactive Energy article in Metering International magazine Fall 2013. Provides practical explanation of transactive energy in an evolutionary context.
Training Module on Electricity Market Regulation - SESSION 6 - Efficiency Ass...Leonardo ENERGY
Regulators use efficiency assessment to set the efficiency targets of the regulated service providers. This session explains the role of the efficiency assessment, the methods to measure efficiency and the incorporation of efficiency results in the price control.
Why measure efficiency?
Methods for efficiency assessments : Uni-dimensional ratio analysis / Statistical and econometric methods / Linear programming methods / Virtual network models
Application of efficiency results o TOTEX versus OPEX benchmarking : Building block approach / Cost controllability (short- and long-term) / Efficiency convergence speed / Capping efficiency scores / Using efficiency bands
This document discusses how data from smart meters and devices can improve demand side management through energy efficiency and demand response programs. It provides examples of how data enables more dynamic energy audits, integrated efficiency and demand response programs, direct load control through smart devices, and opportunities for customers to better manage their energy use. The document argues that data opens up new capabilities for utilities and customers to engage in demand side management as a major part of developing a smart grid.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Stage 1 of the roadmap focuses on developing standards, protocols, and codes of conduct. Key actions include developing grid interconnection standards, cybersecurity standards, and codes of conduct for customer data and utility-owned distributed energy resources. The objectives are to ensure safe, reliable, and secure grid operations and protect customer data and access to the grid. Challenges include interfacing with national organizations and integrating standards into state regulations.
Distributed energy resources (DERs) can provide net benefits to the electric system (e.g., congestion relief) and broader society (e.g., emission reductions). However, despite these advantages, the deployment of high penetrations of DER has proved challenging. Against this backdrop, the electric utility is often singled out as a fundamental barrier to deployment of DER assets. To overcome the perceived electric utility shortcomings, many stakeholders conclude that a completely new model is needed for the electric industry.
ScottMadden disagrees with this assessment and instead believes electric utilities maintain natural advantages that can be leveraged to deploy renewables and DER assets as well or better than some models being offered. In our 51st Phase II Roadmap, ScottMadden proposes leveraging the natural advantages of the electric utility in order to accelerate the deployment and penetration of DER assets.
For more information, please visit www.scottmadden.com.
This document reviews transmission pricing methods in restructured electricity markets. It discusses two main approaches: 1) pricing fixed and variable transmission costs simultaneously using locational marginal pricing, as seen in centralized US markets, and 2) calculating fixed and variable costs separately using point of connection tariffs, as seen in decentralized European and Indian markets. The paper focuses on embedded transmission pricing methods for calculating the allocated cost of existing transmission infrastructure to transmission users. It tests various embedded cost calculation methods on sample power systems.
This document provides an overview of congestion management in power systems. It discusses that congestion occurs when the physical or operational limits of the transmission network are reached. Congestion management aims to prioritize transactions to avoid overloading the network. It involves both precautionary actions by system operators to allow only transactions within limits, and remedial actions if congestion occurs in real-time due to unscheduled flows. The document then covers various congestion management methods including explicit auctions, implicit auctions, market splitting, counter trading, and re-dispatching. It compares the characteristics and examples of different market-based and non-market based approaches.
Economic Development Rates For UtilitiesJohn Wolfram
Economic development rates (EDRs) provide discounted utility rates to attract new businesses and encourage existing business expansion. EDRs aim to give utilities an advantage in business site selection. Key features of EDRs include temporary discounts that phase out over time, caps on total discounts, and ensuring other customers are no worse off. Regulators determine if discounts are paid by other customers or shareholders, with many allowing recovery from other rates between rate cases. EDRs following common principles can boost utilities while promoting economic growth.
Electricity Markets Regulation - Lesson 8 - PricingLeonardo ENERGY
Once the revenue requirements are established they should be converted into tariff systems. This session explains the major economic principles of electricity pricing and the general pricing models using average and marginal costs. Moreover the session explores the major pricing models for the electricity activities including: generation, transmission, distribution and retail activities.
* Pricing principles : economic efficiency - cost recovery
* General pricing models : average cost pricing - marginal cost pricing
* Cost allocation issue
* Pricing for different activities in the electricity industry : generation pricing - transmission pricing - distribution pricing - retail supply pricing
The document provides a business update for May 2018 that includes the following information:
- It discusses SCE's significant infrastructure investment and above average rate base growth driven by safety, reliability, grid modernization, and California's low-carbon objectives. Rate base is forecasted to grow by 9.7% annually through 2020.
- Key regulatory proceedings and drivers of long-term growth for SCE are outlined, including grid modernization, energy storage, transmission needs, and transportation electrification.
- SCE has a decoupled regulatory framework with major balancing accounts that promote energy conservation and stabilize revenues.
- An overview of SCE's efforts around California's wildfire risk mitigation is provided,
SCE provides electricity to 15 million customers across 50,000 square miles in central and southern California. SCE is forecasting average annual rate base growth of 9.7% through 2020, driven by safety, reliability, and California's clean energy goals. Key drivers of growth include grid modernization, energy storage, and expanding electric vehicle charging infrastructure. SCE operates under a decoupled regulatory framework with balancing accounts that promote energy conservation and revenue stability.
Electricity Demand Side Management and End-use efficiencyeecfncci
This presentation give an overview about demand side management and end-use efficiency for electricity supply systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
bidding strategies in indian restructured power marketKomal Nigam
This document provides an outline for a thesis on bidding strategies in the Indian power market. It includes an introduction to the Indian power market and deregulation. It discusses topics that will be covered like transmission pricing, bidding classifications and mechanisms, literature review outcomes and objectives. It provides timelines and references that will be used. In summaries the key aspects of the deregulated market and the research problem around determining market clearing prices with multiple generators and constraints.
1. The document discusses information sharing and strategic partnerships in supply chains. It proposes a modeling framework using three interconnected network structures to model information flows, coordination of events, and learning of negotiation strategies.
2. A key challenge in supply chains is the "bullwhip effect", where demand variability amplifies as it moves up the supply chain due to a lack of information sharing. Centralized information sharing can help reduce this effect.
3. Strategic partnerships and information technology enable closer coordination between supply chain members, increased information flows, and a more profitable overall supply chain through cooperative decision making.
The document discusses demand side management (DSM) in the context of distribution generation and smart grids. It defines DSM as modifying consumer energy demand through methods like financial incentives or education. The goal is usually to encourage reducing energy use during peak hours or shifting it to off-peak times. This helps reduce the need for network and power plant investments to meet peak demand. The document then outlines various DSM programs and strategies like demand response, time-of-use pricing, and direct load control.
21st C.Electric Distribution System Operations, 2014Paul De Martini
L. Kristov & P. De Martini paper that defines Distribution System Operator and provides a framework to considering a range of business and policy issues.
This document summarizes research on approaches to managing congestion in deregulated electricity markets. It reviews various congestion management methods that have been proposed, including nodal pricing, price area congestion management, available transfer capability based approaches, using thyristor controlled phase shifting transformers, and flexible AC transmission systems devices. It also discusses optimization techniques that have been applied to congestion management problems, such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. The document provides examples of research on applying these different congestion management methods and optimization techniques to address transmission network congestion issues in deregulated power systems.
Congestion management in the context of deregulationPulakesh k kalita
This document discusses congestion management in the context of deregulated electricity markets. It begins by defining deregulation and describing the current deregulated scenario. Congestion occurs when there is insufficient transmission capacity to meet market demand. In deregulated markets with open transmission access, generation patterns can change rapidly based on market forces, requiring congestion management schemes. Various methods of congestion management are described, including re-dispatching transactions, priority-based rules, and auctioning of transmission capacity. Market splitting and market coupling are two approaches used to integrate markets across congested transmission lines. The role of an independent system operator in maintaining reliability while promoting economic efficiency is also outlined.
EE 39 Power System Restoration Strategy During Emergency & BlackoutRina Florentes
The document provides information about an upcoming 5-day energy conservation and demand side management course in Dubai from December 6-10, 2015. It outlines the course objectives, contents, speakers, fees and registration details. The course will cover topics such as energy supply and demand, electrical consumption surveys, load management techniques, improving equipment efficiency and thermal unit efficiency, demand side management strategies and impacts, energy management programs, energy audits, and green technology mechanics. Participants will gain an understanding of demand-side management and its applications.
Unified Energy Services provides a holistic approach to energy procurement, demand side management, and facility management. It was acquired by Tullett Prebon, the #1 rated interdealer commodities broker. Unified Energy leverages Tullett Prebon's international capabilities and more than 150 years of combined energy experience to offer proprietary demand response programs, commodity procurement from over 75 suppliers, and data management systems to track energy usage and costs.
Regulatory incentives for reduction of network lossesLeonardo ENERGY
Environmental concerns remain a driving force for European energy policy, as exemplified by last years’ directive on energy efficiency. The directive sets the legislative framework to achieve energy efficiency targets. Since electricity network losses comprise a significant component of electricity demand, regulatory incentives to facilitate loss reduction in electricity networks should be in place. This webinar evaluates the incentives for investments in low-loss equipment in differing regulatory settings and outlines pathways to assure the proper embedding of these incentives.
Transactive Energy article in Metering International magazine Fall 2013. Provides practical explanation of transactive energy in an evolutionary context.
Training Module on Electricity Market Regulation - SESSION 6 - Efficiency Ass...Leonardo ENERGY
Regulators use efficiency assessment to set the efficiency targets of the regulated service providers. This session explains the role of the efficiency assessment, the methods to measure efficiency and the incorporation of efficiency results in the price control.
Why measure efficiency?
Methods for efficiency assessments : Uni-dimensional ratio analysis / Statistical and econometric methods / Linear programming methods / Virtual network models
Application of efficiency results o TOTEX versus OPEX benchmarking : Building block approach / Cost controllability (short- and long-term) / Efficiency convergence speed / Capping efficiency scores / Using efficiency bands
This document discusses how data from smart meters and devices can improve demand side management through energy efficiency and demand response programs. It provides examples of how data enables more dynamic energy audits, integrated efficiency and demand response programs, direct load control through smart devices, and opportunities for customers to better manage their energy use. The document argues that data opens up new capabilities for utilities and customers to engage in demand side management as a major part of developing a smart grid.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Stage 1 of the roadmap focuses on developing standards, protocols, and codes of conduct. Key actions include developing grid interconnection standards, cybersecurity standards, and codes of conduct for customer data and utility-owned distributed energy resources. The objectives are to ensure safe, reliable, and secure grid operations and protect customer data and access to the grid. Challenges include interfacing with national organizations and integrating standards into state regulations.
Distributed energy resources (DERs) can provide net benefits to the electric system (e.g., congestion relief) and broader society (e.g., emission reductions). However, despite these advantages, the deployment of high penetrations of DER has proved challenging. Against this backdrop, the electric utility is often singled out as a fundamental barrier to deployment of DER assets. To overcome the perceived electric utility shortcomings, many stakeholders conclude that a completely new model is needed for the electric industry.
ScottMadden disagrees with this assessment and instead believes electric utilities maintain natural advantages that can be leveraged to deploy renewables and DER assets as well or better than some models being offered. In our 51st Phase II Roadmap, ScottMadden proposes leveraging the natural advantages of the electric utility in order to accelerate the deployment and penetration of DER assets.
For more information, please visit www.scottmadden.com.
The document summarizes a report from the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC) on compensating distributed energy resources (DERs). It discusses the increased deployment of DERs, issues they create for utilities around compensation and system planning, and NARUC's response through a manual identifying options for jurisdictions. The manual examines methodologies like net energy metering, demand charges, and valuation approaches to help regulators address DER compensation questions.
Power System Reliability Assessment in a Complex Restructured Power SystemIJECEIAES
The basic purpose of an electric power system is to supply its consumers with electric energy as parsimoniously as possible and with a sensible degree of continuity and quality. It is expected that the solicitation of power system reliability assessment in bulk power systems will continue to increase in the future especially in the newly deregulated power diligence. This paper presents the research conducted on the three areas of incorporating multi-state generating unit models, evaluating system performance indices and identifying transmission paucities in complex system adequacy assessment. The incentives for electricity market participants to endow in new generation and transmission facilities are highly influenced by the market risk in a complex restructured environment. This paper also presents a procedure to identify transmission deficiencies and remedial modification in the composite generation and transmission system and focused on the application of probabilistic techniques in composite system adequacy assessment
This document discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by changing distribution systems, including increased integration of renewable resources, electric vehicles, energy storage, and power electronics. It outlines problems like complex planning, operation and maintenance as well as the need for improved protection and control. The document explores these issues, opportunities for things like better data analysis and power quality, and challenges around developing standards and policies to support modern distribution systems.
This document discusses modernizing the electric grid to leverage distributed energy resources (DERs) like rooftop solar and energy storage. It finds that DERs can provide over $1.4 billion in annual net societal benefits for California by 2020. However, the current utility regulatory model and grid planning processes are not designed for high DER adoption and instead incentivize utility infrastructure buildout. The document calls for changes to these structures to properly account for DER benefits and ensure least-cost grid solutions that maximize customer and societal value.
The U.S. power sector has evolved drastically. New goals for resilient, clean, affordable, and safe electricity has transitioned the sector away from cost of service regulation and toward performance-based regulation (PBR). PBR changes the central question from "did we pay the right amount for what we got?" to instead, "Are we paying the right amount for what we want?". With PBR, rather than revenue increasing as utility investment increases, revenue increases as performance improves. There are a handful of ways to design PBR well, many of which are embodied in examples from utilities in Illinois and the UK.
Monitoring and analysis of reliaibility of electrical distribution systemIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on monitoring and analyzing the reliability of electrical distribution systems using MATLAB. The study develops a reliability analysis program in MATLAB to assess factors that affect distribution reliability. Field visits were conducted to distribution substations in India to collect data. The objectives of the study are to provide reliability data to utility management, allow performance comparisons, determine how design and maintenance affect reliability, and aid maintenance scheduling. The significance of the study is that distribution reliability is important for utilities facing market pressures to satisfy customers while minimizing costs. The MATLAB model allows a new method for evaluating reliability and identifying cost-effective preventative maintenance strategies.
Generator Maintenance Scheduling Of Power System Using Hybrid TechniqueIRJET Journal
This document discusses generator maintenance scheduling for power systems using hybrid techniques. It aims to minimize total operation costs while satisfying constraints. The scheduling problem is complex with many generating units and constraints to consider. Traditional methods cannot solve large, real-world problems due to computational limitations. The document proposes using metaheuristic techniques like genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and simulated annealing to find near-optimal schedules efficiently for large power systems over long time horizons. These evolutionary algorithms are better suited than traditional methods at handling complex, constrained optimization problems.
IRJET- Generation Planning using WASP SoftwareIRJET Journal
This document discusses determining the optimal power generation development plan for a power system over the next 15 years using the WASP software. It begins by estimating the system load over the planning period based on historical load data from the past 36 years. It then uses the WASP software to determine all possible supply combinations from the existing and planned generating units and selects the combination that minimizes costs and meets reliability criteria. The optimal plan is determined by changing the configuration and timing of added units each year to find the best objective function. Key steps include load forecasting, defining development units and constraints, using WASP modules to evaluate combinations and reliability, and selecting the optimal plan through dynamic programming.
A comparative assessment of energy management system and strategies in kanpurIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on assessing energy management systems and strategies in Kanpur City, India. It conducted surveys of domestic and industrial users as well as power agencies on issues like energy losses, production costs, and distribution costs. The surveys found that the energy system needs much improvement. This can be done through technical solutions like tamper-proof meters, managerial methods like distribution system monitoring, and restructuring ownership and regulation of power systems. A bottom-up distributed generation approach is proposed to add power capacity in a more distributed manner as demand grows gradually over time.
This document summarizes a study analyzing the power loss, efficiency, reliability, and cost of a 1 MW/500 kWh battery-based energy storage system for frequency regulation. The study calculates power losses from the battery and power conversion system components under different operating conditions. It then uses these loss calculations to determine the system's efficiency. Reliability is calculated using an Arrhenius life stress relation considering temperature. Total system cost is also broken down. Key findings include the system having 146 kW power loss and 85% efficiency at rated power. Mean time between failures is calculated as 8 years with 73% reliability after 1 year. Battery and power conversion system costs make up 58% and 16% of total cost respectively. Further research
IRJET- An Energy Conservation Scheme based on Tariff ModerationIRJET Journal
This document discusses an energy conservation scheme based on tariff modification for domestic users. It proposes a new tariff rate structure that provides incentives for low consumption and penalties for high consumption. This aims to motivate consumers to reduce energy usage without causing losses for electric utilities. The existing structure provides 100 free units, which does not encourage conservation and causes losses. The proposed system calculates bills based on consumed units and compares to averages to determine incentives or penalties. The goal is to reduce residential energy usage through this modified tariff approach.
Capgemini ses - smart metering pov 2007 (gr)Gord Reynolds
The document discusses how utilities in North America will need to adopt smart metering and advanced metering infrastructure to some degree due to regulatory mandates. It argues that utilities should leverage smart metering as an opportunity to positively influence their business by embracing a fresh approach to managing peak demand and system security. This will require benefits that motivate consumer conservation, business cases that look beyond meter-to-cash processes, and market transparency. The document outlines the key components needed for an effective smart metering solution and argues that utilities should partner with experienced providers to ensure program success.
IRJET- Maximization of Net Profit by Optimal Placement and Sizing of DG in Di...IRJET Journal
This document presents an optimization of distributed generation placement and sizing in a distribution system to maximize net profit. It formulates the optimization problem considering electricity purchase costs, distributed generation investment and operating costs, and distribution system net savings. The objective is to maximize net savings by reducing electricity purchases through optimal distributed generation. Two stochastic algorithms, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization, are used to solve the optimization problem for a 9-bus test system considering multiple load levels. Both algorithms achieved reductions in electricity costs and power losses while maintaining voltage constraints.
IRJET- A Review on Load Frequency Control StrategyIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of load frequency control strategies for integrating renewable energy sources into power grids. It discusses some of the challenges of integrating variable power sources like wind and solar that can cause fluctuations in voltage and frequency. It also summarizes several different control techniques that have been used for load frequency control, including classical control methods, adaptive and variable structure methods, robust control approaches, and intelligent techniques using neural networks and fuzzy logic. The review covers the objectives of load frequency control and provides examples of strategies that have been implemented, including adaptive control methods applied to power systems to manage changes in plant parameters.
A study of factors affecting supply chain performance.pdfAnna Landers
This document summarizes a study on factors affecting supply chain performance. The major factors identified as affecting supply chain performance are: supply chain structure, inventory control policy, information sharing, customer demand, forecasting method, lead time and review period length. The paper reviews 54 literature sources to identify these key factors. It then provides details on each factor and how they can influence supply chain metrics like fill rate, bullwhip effect, inventory variance, total costs. The optimal selection of parameters for these factors can improve overall supply chain performance.
Various demand side management techniques and its role in smart grid–the stat...IJECEIAES
The current lifestyle of humanity relies heavily on energy consumption, thusrendering it an inevitable need. An ever-increasing demand for energy hasresulted from the increasing population. Most of this demand is met by thetraditional sources that continuously deplete and raise significantenvironmental issues. The existing power structure of developing nations isaging, unstable, and unfeasible, further prolonging the problem. The existingelectricity grid is unstable, vulnerable to blackouts and disruption, has hightransmission losses, low quality of power, insufficient electricity supply, anddiscourages distributed energy sources from being incorporated. Mitigatingthese problems requires a complete redesign of the system of powerdistribution. The modernization of the electric grid, i.e., the smart grid, is anemerging combination of different technologies designed to bring about theelectrical power grid that is changing dramatically. Demand sidemanagement (DSM) allow customers to be more involved in contributors tothe power systems to achieve system goals by scheduling their shiftableload. Effective DSM systems require the participation of customers in thesystem that can be done in a fair system. This paper focuses primarily ontechniques of DSM and demand responses (DR), including schedulingapproaches and strategies for optimal savings.
Integration of cost-risk within an intelligent maintenance systemLaurent Carlander
This document discusses integrating cost-risk assessment into an intelligent maintenance system for the UK rail industry. As rail schedules become more complex, detailed cost estimation will be difficult. Therefore, a stochastic process using uncertainty modeling and Monte Carlo simulation is needed to predict costs of maintenance and resulting delays. The paper proposes a cost model that quantifies cost uncertainty based on historical data and statistical distributions. Estimates from this model would be integrated into an existing prototype intelligent maintenance system to help optimize maintenance budgets and reduce delays. Accurately assessing costs under uncertainty is important for achieving anticipated cost efficiencies.
Similar to IRJET- Service Quality in Distribution Systems with Deep Penetration of Renewable Distributed Energy Resources (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.