The document summarizes research on incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) and metakaolin as partial replacements for cement in concrete. RHA is a byproduct of rice processing that can be used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. Metakaolin is obtained by calcining kaolin clay and has pozzolanic properties when used in concrete. The research involved preparing concrete mixtures with RHA and metakaolin replacements of 2%, 4%, 8%, and 10% by mass of cement. Tests on compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength of the concrete specimens showed that concrete strength generally increased with the additions of RHA and metakaolin. It was concluded that these materials can effectively replace a portion
We' B AND B CO.,LTD' are the specialty Chemical maker in S.Korea. Two main business fields we do.
1. Construction Chemical : Sodium/Calcium Lignosulphonate, Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate(PNS/SNF), Polycarboxylic Copolymer(PC) Superplasticizer, Air Entraining Agent, Sodium Gluconate, Defoamer and other additives
2. Cosmetic Chemical : 1,2-Hexanediol, Octanediol and Pentanediol -Diol series and EHG for Cosmetic Ingredients.
IRJET- A Review Effect of Size of Aggregate on M40 Concrete by Partial Replac...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash at various percentages in an M40 concrete mix. Two aggregate proportions were tested: 60% 20mm and 40% 10mm aggregates (Case I), and 40% 20mm and 60% 10mm aggregates (Case II). Workability and compressive strength at 7 and 14 days were evaluated. The results showed that replacing cement with up to 15% sugarcane bagasse ash improved compressive strength and provided an eco-friendly and lower cost concrete mix.
IRJET- Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Different StabilizersIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on stabilizing black cotton soil using different stabilizers like lime, bagasse ash, and demolished waste concrete. Black cotton soil is problematic for construction due to its high swelling and shrinkage properties. The study aimed to investigate using agricultural and industrial waste to stabilize the soil. Various properties of the untreated black cotton soil and soil mixed with 5% lime and varying percentages (10%, 20%, 30%) of bagasse ash and demolished concrete were tested. The results showed that the liquid limit, plastic limit, and moisture content decreased while the dry density and unconfined compressive strength increased with the addition of stabilizers. Demolished concrete was found to be more effective at improving properties compared to bagasse
IRJET - Effect of Biopolymers on the Behaviour of SandIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of biopolymers xanthan gum and starch on the engineering properties of sand. Laboratory tests were conducted on untreated sand and sand treated with varying concentrations of biopolymers over different curing times. The results found that biopolymer treatment, especially with higher concentrations of xanthan gum and starch, significantly improved the shear strength and reduced the permeability of the sand compared to untreated sand.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Effect on Compressive Strength of Interlocki...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect on compressive strength of interlocking tiles by replacing cement and aggregate with bagasse ash, lime, and demolished concrete. Tiles were produced with varying proportions of bagasse ash (20-50%) and lime as cement replacements. Testing found that replacing 30% cement with 30% bagasse ash and 70% lime produced the highest strength at 72.28% of standard tiles. This reduced cement consumption and cost while providing adequate strength, providing an eco-friendly and economical building material alternative.
This document discusses various ways that industrial and agricultural waste can be utilized in construction materials and medicine. It outlines 10 types of industrial waste (such as tires, glass, plastic, recycled concrete) that can be used to produce construction materials like concrete and asphalt. It also discusses how agricultural waste like corn cobs can be used to produce medicines like nitrofurans which are used as germicides. The document then discusses different methods of biofuel production from agricultural waste and illustrates the biochemical process. It concludes by mentioning how urban waste and bagasse can be burned to generate electricity at waste-to-energy plants.
Consolidation and rebound characteristics of expansive soil by using lime and...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
An Experimental Investigation on Normal Concrete using Rice Husk Ash, Dolomit...IJASRD Journal
Generally concrete is good in compression and weak in tension. The fibre in concrete generally increases both the compression and tension in concrete cement is the most important constituent material, since it binds the aggregate and resists the atmosphere action. Since the production of Portland cement clinker is an energy intensive process a partial substitution of clinker by mineral like dolomite and abundantly available agriculture wastes like Rice husk ash obviously represents considerable energy servings and reduction of Co2 emission. In this project work banana fibre are added with 2% by volume of cement, dolomite powder and Rice husk ash is partially replaced by 5.0%, 7.5% and 10% by the volume of cement. The concrete was determined for mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength they are also tested and studied.
We' B AND B CO.,LTD' are the specialty Chemical maker in S.Korea. Two main business fields we do.
1. Construction Chemical : Sodium/Calcium Lignosulphonate, Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate(PNS/SNF), Polycarboxylic Copolymer(PC) Superplasticizer, Air Entraining Agent, Sodium Gluconate, Defoamer and other additives
2. Cosmetic Chemical : 1,2-Hexanediol, Octanediol and Pentanediol -Diol series and EHG for Cosmetic Ingredients.
IRJET- A Review Effect of Size of Aggregate on M40 Concrete by Partial Replac...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash at various percentages in an M40 concrete mix. Two aggregate proportions were tested: 60% 20mm and 40% 10mm aggregates (Case I), and 40% 20mm and 60% 10mm aggregates (Case II). Workability and compressive strength at 7 and 14 days were evaluated. The results showed that replacing cement with up to 15% sugarcane bagasse ash improved compressive strength and provided an eco-friendly and lower cost concrete mix.
IRJET- Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Different StabilizersIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on stabilizing black cotton soil using different stabilizers like lime, bagasse ash, and demolished waste concrete. Black cotton soil is problematic for construction due to its high swelling and shrinkage properties. The study aimed to investigate using agricultural and industrial waste to stabilize the soil. Various properties of the untreated black cotton soil and soil mixed with 5% lime and varying percentages (10%, 20%, 30%) of bagasse ash and demolished concrete were tested. The results showed that the liquid limit, plastic limit, and moisture content decreased while the dry density and unconfined compressive strength increased with the addition of stabilizers. Demolished concrete was found to be more effective at improving properties compared to bagasse
IRJET - Effect of Biopolymers on the Behaviour of SandIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of biopolymers xanthan gum and starch on the engineering properties of sand. Laboratory tests were conducted on untreated sand and sand treated with varying concentrations of biopolymers over different curing times. The results found that biopolymer treatment, especially with higher concentrations of xanthan gum and starch, significantly improved the shear strength and reduced the permeability of the sand compared to untreated sand.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Effect on Compressive Strength of Interlocki...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect on compressive strength of interlocking tiles by replacing cement and aggregate with bagasse ash, lime, and demolished concrete. Tiles were produced with varying proportions of bagasse ash (20-50%) and lime as cement replacements. Testing found that replacing 30% cement with 30% bagasse ash and 70% lime produced the highest strength at 72.28% of standard tiles. This reduced cement consumption and cost while providing adequate strength, providing an eco-friendly and economical building material alternative.
This document discusses various ways that industrial and agricultural waste can be utilized in construction materials and medicine. It outlines 10 types of industrial waste (such as tires, glass, plastic, recycled concrete) that can be used to produce construction materials like concrete and asphalt. It also discusses how agricultural waste like corn cobs can be used to produce medicines like nitrofurans which are used as germicides. The document then discusses different methods of biofuel production from agricultural waste and illustrates the biochemical process. It concludes by mentioning how urban waste and bagasse can be burned to generate electricity at waste-to-energy plants.
Consolidation and rebound characteristics of expansive soil by using lime and...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
An Experimental Investigation on Normal Concrete using Rice Husk Ash, Dolomit...IJASRD Journal
Generally concrete is good in compression and weak in tension. The fibre in concrete generally increases both the compression and tension in concrete cement is the most important constituent material, since it binds the aggregate and resists the atmosphere action. Since the production of Portland cement clinker is an energy intensive process a partial substitution of clinker by mineral like dolomite and abundantly available agriculture wastes like Rice husk ash obviously represents considerable energy servings and reduction of Co2 emission. In this project work banana fibre are added with 2% by volume of cement, dolomite powder and Rice husk ash is partially replaced by 5.0%, 7.5% and 10% by the volume of cement. The concrete was determined for mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength they are also tested and studied.
B&B Co., LTD is a leading specialty chemical company in Korea that produces high-purity, odorless, and colorless cosmetic ingredients such as 1,2-pentanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, and ethylhexylglycerin. These ingredients can be used as multifunctional skin care agents, providing benefits such as moisturization, antimicrobial properties, and solubilization of other active ingredients without skin irritation. B&B has successfully developed these ingredients through refinement and purification processes to be over 99% pure.
This document summarizes a research study on foamed bitumen. The study investigated using foamed bitumen in pavement construction as a modification to traditional plain bitumen. Foamed bitumen was produced by injecting water into hot bitumen, causing it to foam. Tests found that foamed bitumen had lower penetration, higher ductility, and a higher softening point than plain bitumen, indicating it has higher stiffness, better ability to stretch without cracking, and remains solid at higher temperatures. This suggests foamed bitumen may improve pavement performance in resisting rutting and cracking from traffic loads. The study aims to determine if the foamed bitumen technique can be successfully used in Indian road construction.
Effect of Effective Porosity and Saturated Water Absorption on Rice Husk Ash-...IRJET Journal
- The document presents research on the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) and filtered sand (FS) on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC), specifically effective porosity and saturated water absorption.
- Concrete mixtures with varying replacements of cement by RHA (5-20%) and sand by FS (0-100%) were tested. Test results found that RHA-FS SCC exhibited better durability performance than conventional concrete, with lower effective porosity and saturated water absorption.
- The fresh properties of RHA-FS SCC, including slump flow, V-funnel time, and L-box blocking ratio, were found to meet EFNARC specifications for S
IRJET- Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Addition of...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the effect of adding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers coated with bagasse ash on the mechanical properties of concrete. PET fibers were coated with bagasse ash using an epoxy binder and then replaced cement at percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight. Cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast and tested to determine their compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths at curing periods of 14 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete containing 1.5% coated PET fibers exhibited the highest compressive strength, with a 13.36% increase over normal concrete at 14 days and a 16.5% increase at 28 days
Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on partially replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete mixes. Solid concrete blocks were produced with 0-25% replacement of cement with rice husk ash by weight. Testing showed that mixes with 5-10% replacement had slightly higher workability and strength compared to standard concrete, while reducing costs by 3.08%. Higher replacements of 15-25% resulted in lower strengths. The optimal replacement was found to be 10% rice husk ash, providing higher strengths than plain concrete with reduced costs.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on rice husk ash (RHA). RHA is obtained by burning rice husks between 600-700°C for 2 hours. It is composed primarily of silicon dioxide and can be used to partially replace cement in concrete production. The addition of RHA increases strength and durability by reducing calcium hydroxide levels in concrete. It also reduces efflorescence and susceptibility to chemical and sulfate attacks. Using RHA in concrete can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and provides an economic use for the agricultural waste product of rice husks. The seminar outlines the physical and chemical properties of RHA and reviews its advantages and disadvantages when used in concrete.
IRJET - Use of Bamboo Leaf Ash as an Additive to Aqueous Drilling Fluid and S...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using bamboo leaf ash as an additive in water-based drilling fluid and studying its effect on rheological and filtration loss properties. Bamboo leaf ash contains high percentages of silica and has properties that could help prevent fluid loss in drilling mud. The authors create bamboo leaf ash by drying, grinding, and heating bamboo leaves to 800°C. They then study the rheological and filtration properties of drilling fluids containing different percentages of bamboo leaf ash additive, finding that it can successfully be used as an additive to improve the properties of water-based drilling fluids.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BIO-SELF CURED MARBLE POWDER BASED WITH M25 GRADE CONCRETEANUJVERMA142
This document presents an experimental study on bio-self cured marble powder based M25 grade concrete. The objectives are to study the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths of concrete mixes with 10% marble powder and different internal curing agents like Spinacea Oleracea, Calotropis Gigantea, and Polyethylene Glycol. The methodology involves mix design and casting specimens to test the strengths at 7 and 28 days. The results show that the mix with 10% marble powder and 0.6% Spinacea Oleracea has the highest compressive strength at 28 days, around 9.63% more than conventional mix. The mix with 10% marble powder and 1% Polyethylene
IRJET- Utilization of Various Industrial Waste Materials as Filler in Aerated...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the utilization of various industrial waste materials as fillers in aerated concrete. Aerated concrete, or foam concrete, is a lightweight concrete made by mixing cement, sand, and an aerating agent that creates air pockets. Using industrial wastes as partial replacements for fine aggregates can further reduce the density of aerated concrete while providing strength benefits and reducing non-recyclable waste. The document discusses the production of aerated concrete and examines literature on using waste materials like quarry dust, rubber crumbs, and plastic granules in aerated concrete mixes. Strength testing shows these materials can improve compressive strength when used as partial substitutes for fine aggregates.
Utilization of fly ash as filler in bituminous mix.Sahinsha Badsha
This document discusses using fly ash as an alternative filler in bituminous mixes. It aims to reduce costs by replacing conventional fillers like cement. The objectives are to study fly ash's use in road construction and evaluate modified Marshall properties. A literature review found that fly ash improved stability, strength retention in water, and acted as an anti-stripping agent. The document outlines the materials used - aggregates, bitumen, fillers like cement and fly ash. It details the methodology of conducting Marshall tests to determine properties like stability, flow, density and voids for mixes with different fillers. The conclusion is that these tests will identify the most cost-effective mix.
IRJET - A Study on the Efficacy of RHA as a Full Replacement for Clay in Bric...IRJET Journal
The document presents a study on using rice husk ash (RHA) as a full replacement for clay in brick-blocks. Various mixtures of RHA, m-sand, and cement were tested with RHA proportions ranging from 50-70%. The mixtures were molded and cured, then tested for compressive strength, water absorption, size, and shape. Testing showed mixtures with 50% RHA, 20% m-sand, and 30% cement met the lowest construction standards and had high water absorption. Ultrasonic pulse velocity tests indicated the brick-blocks were very porous. The study concluded bricks made from a 50:20:30 RHA:m-sand:cement ratio could be used for unimportant construction
IRJET- Study on Effect of Banana Fiber on Performance of Soil Cement BrickIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of adding banana fiber to soil cement bricks. Banana fiber is a low-cost, eco-friendly material that can increase the strength and durability of bricks. The document details the materials used, including soil, cement, water and two concentrations of banana fiber. Bricks were produced with these mixtures and tested after curing. Compression tests found that bricks with banana fiber had slightly higher strength than ordinary bricks. Flexural strength also increased with the addition of fiber. The study concluded that banana fiber reinforced bricks performed better than conventional bricks and that using this agricultural waste material is beneficial.
IRJET-Study on Foamed Concrete with Polyurethane as Foaming AgentIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on foamed concrete using polyurethane as a foaming agent. The study tested the properties of foamed concrete with and without fly ash under different curing conditions. Fresh and hardened properties were evaluated including compressive strength, shrinkage, and elastic modulus. Results showed that foamed concrete mixes containing fly ash had better workability and higher compressive strengths compared to mixes without fly ash. Curing conditions also affected properties, with water curing generally providing highest strengths. The study aimed to evaluate foamed concrete as a sustainable building material.
Analysis of the Characteristic behaviour of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash and S...ijtsrd
In the last decades, the use of residue in construction industry, especially as additives in concrete, has been subject of many researches as it may lead several improvements in the concrete properties, besides reducing the environmental pollution. The world rice harvest is estimated in 600 million tons per year. In terms of production sugarcane tops the crop ranking order. In India alone there grows 352 million tons of sugarcane and processed by 138 sugar mills. Considering that 22 of the grain is husk. So both the rice husk and sugarcane bagasse ash are complete waste and can be used as substitutes in concrete. The RHA and Sugarcane bagasse ash were trialed to replace concrete with various ratios of RHA 0 , 10 , 20 , 30 and 40 with fine aggregates and SCBA 0 , 5 , 10 , 15 and 20 with cement. The water cement ratio in all the mixes was maintained at 0.55. From the experimentations it was inferred the modified specimen resulted in number of improvement of properties of cement. The observed increase in compressive strength of concrete is maximum, when the conventional concrete is modified with 15 SCBA and 30 RHA. With this percentage modification there seen increase in both 28 as well as 7 days compressive strength. There observed considerable reduction in slump value yet keeping the mix workable or in other words we can say that modification of concrete by SCBA and RHA do not adversely affect the workability. The 28 day split tensile strength test revealed that the inferences of compressive strength test and split tensile strength were somehow similar to one another. More the application of SCBA and RHA, lesser are their disposal problems and thus results in reduction of carbon credits by these waste products. This research promoted an ecological way of waste management and sustainable construction. Sultan Singh | Er. Sunil Kumar | Er. Vikram "Analysis of the Characteristic behaviour of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29774/analysis-of-the-characteristic-behaviour-of-concrete-with-rice-husk-ash-and-sugarcane-bagasse-ash/sultan-singh
Waste product ‘bagasse ash’ from sugar industry can be used as stabilizing ma...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET- An Comparative Study on Soil Stabilisation using Lime and CementIRJET Journal
This study compared soil stabilization using lime and cement. Two types of soils - black cotton soil and red soil - were stabilized with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% proportions of lime and cement. Tests conducted included specific gravity, plastic limit, liquid limit, California bearing ratio (CBR), and unconfined compression. The CBR and unconfined compression tests showed the soils stabilized with 10% lime or cement had the highest strength. Overall, the results indicated that both lime and cement can effectively stabilize soils and improve their engineering properties, but 10% was found to be the optimal proportion.
Utilization of rice husk ash in mix asphalt concrete as mineral fillar replac...rajatsikarwar
how to use rice husk as a replacement of cement in concrete
and conducting diifferent tests conducted to prove that it is satisfying the indian standards(IS).
IRJET- Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Lime and Ground Granulated Bl...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the stabilization of black cotton soil using lime and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Black cotton soil exhibits high swelling and shrinkage when exposed to moisture changes, causing problems for engineering structures. The study investigates how adding GGBFS and lime affects the plasticity index, liquid limit, and other properties of black cotton soil. Test results show that with the addition of 30% GGBFS and 6% lime, the plasticity index decreases significantly from 40.67% to 4.97%, and the differential free swell index decreases from 52.2% to 4%, indicating reduced expansive behavior. The study concludes that GGBFS has good potential for stabilizing weak soils and can be
Analysis of Microstructural Behaviour of Rice Husk Ash Blended Cement MortarIRJET Journal
1) The document analyzes the microstructural properties of rice husk ash (RHA) and the effects of replacing cement with RHA at levels from 0-25% in cement mortar.
2) Testing showed compressive strength initially increased with RHA up to 15% but declined above that, while consistency continuously increased with RHA.
3) Analysis using XRD, TGA and DSC showed RHA contains quartzite, coesite and amorphous silica which impacts properties. SEM and EDS examination showed phase changes in calcium silicate hydrate with curing.
4) Partial cement replacement by RHA could reduce environmental impacts from cement production while maintaining or improving mechanical
UTILIZATION OF RICE HUSK ASH AS A POZZOLAN IN SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE IAEME Publication
The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste can be used as a pozzolanic material in Self-consolidating concrete, as the name a concrete that completely fills the formwork under its own weight without using compaction vibrator by maintaining the homogeneity of concrete. Self-compacting concrete is to resist deformability and segregation in concrete. Deformability known as flow ability is the ability of self-compacting concrete to deform under its own weight without any obstructions. On the other hand segregation resistance is the ability to maintain the homogeneous matrix in between concrete while casting concrete.
The study explores the use of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) to increase the amount of fines and hence achieve self-compact ability in an economical way. The pozzolan used in this research was rice husk under the ASTM standard C618 (Class N). The study focuses on comparison of fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete containing varying amount of 0%, 5% and 10% RHA with dosage of viscosity modifying agent of 2% to 4.5% as an admixture. The comparison is done at different dosages of super-plasticizer keeping cement, water, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate contents constant.
The fresh properties of SCC for flow spread shows that by increasing the amount of RHA the spread decreases. The V-funnel at T=5 min showed that increase in RHA and decrease in super plasticizer high, segregation is resisted at higher content of RHA. Beside this the 10% rice husk ash at 4% super plasticizer proved the higher compressive strength as compared to other mixes. The study concluded that the SCC produced utilizing RHA is more durable than the similar concrete utilizing commercially available admixture.
EFFECTS OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS ON CONCRETE PROPERTIESIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the effects of biodegradable materials on the properties of concrete. Specifically, it examines replacing portions of fine aggregate in concrete blocks with sugarcane bagasse powder and egg shell powder. Tests were performed on the basic materials and different mix designs were prepared with replacements of 3%, 6%, and 9%. Concrete blocks were then cast and tested after 28 days of curing. The results showed that blocks with biodegradable material replacements had compression strengths up to 8% higher than conventional blocks without replacements. Therefore, these "green" blocks could potentially be used instead of conventional blocks to reduce environmental impacts from sand mining and waste disposal.
B&B Co., LTD is a leading specialty chemical company in Korea that produces high-purity, odorless, and colorless cosmetic ingredients such as 1,2-pentanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, and ethylhexylglycerin. These ingredients can be used as multifunctional skin care agents, providing benefits such as moisturization, antimicrobial properties, and solubilization of other active ingredients without skin irritation. B&B has successfully developed these ingredients through refinement and purification processes to be over 99% pure.
This document summarizes a research study on foamed bitumen. The study investigated using foamed bitumen in pavement construction as a modification to traditional plain bitumen. Foamed bitumen was produced by injecting water into hot bitumen, causing it to foam. Tests found that foamed bitumen had lower penetration, higher ductility, and a higher softening point than plain bitumen, indicating it has higher stiffness, better ability to stretch without cracking, and remains solid at higher temperatures. This suggests foamed bitumen may improve pavement performance in resisting rutting and cracking from traffic loads. The study aims to determine if the foamed bitumen technique can be successfully used in Indian road construction.
Effect of Effective Porosity and Saturated Water Absorption on Rice Husk Ash-...IRJET Journal
- The document presents research on the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) and filtered sand (FS) on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC), specifically effective porosity and saturated water absorption.
- Concrete mixtures with varying replacements of cement by RHA (5-20%) and sand by FS (0-100%) were tested. Test results found that RHA-FS SCC exhibited better durability performance than conventional concrete, with lower effective porosity and saturated water absorption.
- The fresh properties of RHA-FS SCC, including slump flow, V-funnel time, and L-box blocking ratio, were found to meet EFNARC specifications for S
IRJET- Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Addition of...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the effect of adding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers coated with bagasse ash on the mechanical properties of concrete. PET fibers were coated with bagasse ash using an epoxy binder and then replaced cement at percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight. Cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast and tested to determine their compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths at curing periods of 14 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete containing 1.5% coated PET fibers exhibited the highest compressive strength, with a 13.36% increase over normal concrete at 14 days and a 16.5% increase at 28 days
Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on partially replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete mixes. Solid concrete blocks were produced with 0-25% replacement of cement with rice husk ash by weight. Testing showed that mixes with 5-10% replacement had slightly higher workability and strength compared to standard concrete, while reducing costs by 3.08%. Higher replacements of 15-25% resulted in lower strengths. The optimal replacement was found to be 10% rice husk ash, providing higher strengths than plain concrete with reduced costs.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on rice husk ash (RHA). RHA is obtained by burning rice husks between 600-700°C for 2 hours. It is composed primarily of silicon dioxide and can be used to partially replace cement in concrete production. The addition of RHA increases strength and durability by reducing calcium hydroxide levels in concrete. It also reduces efflorescence and susceptibility to chemical and sulfate attacks. Using RHA in concrete can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and provides an economic use for the agricultural waste product of rice husks. The seminar outlines the physical and chemical properties of RHA and reviews its advantages and disadvantages when used in concrete.
IRJET - Use of Bamboo Leaf Ash as an Additive to Aqueous Drilling Fluid and S...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using bamboo leaf ash as an additive in water-based drilling fluid and studying its effect on rheological and filtration loss properties. Bamboo leaf ash contains high percentages of silica and has properties that could help prevent fluid loss in drilling mud. The authors create bamboo leaf ash by drying, grinding, and heating bamboo leaves to 800°C. They then study the rheological and filtration properties of drilling fluids containing different percentages of bamboo leaf ash additive, finding that it can successfully be used as an additive to improve the properties of water-based drilling fluids.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BIO-SELF CURED MARBLE POWDER BASED WITH M25 GRADE CONCRETEANUJVERMA142
This document presents an experimental study on bio-self cured marble powder based M25 grade concrete. The objectives are to study the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths of concrete mixes with 10% marble powder and different internal curing agents like Spinacea Oleracea, Calotropis Gigantea, and Polyethylene Glycol. The methodology involves mix design and casting specimens to test the strengths at 7 and 28 days. The results show that the mix with 10% marble powder and 0.6% Spinacea Oleracea has the highest compressive strength at 28 days, around 9.63% more than conventional mix. The mix with 10% marble powder and 1% Polyethylene
IRJET- Utilization of Various Industrial Waste Materials as Filler in Aerated...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the utilization of various industrial waste materials as fillers in aerated concrete. Aerated concrete, or foam concrete, is a lightweight concrete made by mixing cement, sand, and an aerating agent that creates air pockets. Using industrial wastes as partial replacements for fine aggregates can further reduce the density of aerated concrete while providing strength benefits and reducing non-recyclable waste. The document discusses the production of aerated concrete and examines literature on using waste materials like quarry dust, rubber crumbs, and plastic granules in aerated concrete mixes. Strength testing shows these materials can improve compressive strength when used as partial substitutes for fine aggregates.
Utilization of fly ash as filler in bituminous mix.Sahinsha Badsha
This document discusses using fly ash as an alternative filler in bituminous mixes. It aims to reduce costs by replacing conventional fillers like cement. The objectives are to study fly ash's use in road construction and evaluate modified Marshall properties. A literature review found that fly ash improved stability, strength retention in water, and acted as an anti-stripping agent. The document outlines the materials used - aggregates, bitumen, fillers like cement and fly ash. It details the methodology of conducting Marshall tests to determine properties like stability, flow, density and voids for mixes with different fillers. The conclusion is that these tests will identify the most cost-effective mix.
IRJET - A Study on the Efficacy of RHA as a Full Replacement for Clay in Bric...IRJET Journal
The document presents a study on using rice husk ash (RHA) as a full replacement for clay in brick-blocks. Various mixtures of RHA, m-sand, and cement were tested with RHA proportions ranging from 50-70%. The mixtures were molded and cured, then tested for compressive strength, water absorption, size, and shape. Testing showed mixtures with 50% RHA, 20% m-sand, and 30% cement met the lowest construction standards and had high water absorption. Ultrasonic pulse velocity tests indicated the brick-blocks were very porous. The study concluded bricks made from a 50:20:30 RHA:m-sand:cement ratio could be used for unimportant construction
IRJET- Study on Effect of Banana Fiber on Performance of Soil Cement BrickIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of adding banana fiber to soil cement bricks. Banana fiber is a low-cost, eco-friendly material that can increase the strength and durability of bricks. The document details the materials used, including soil, cement, water and two concentrations of banana fiber. Bricks were produced with these mixtures and tested after curing. Compression tests found that bricks with banana fiber had slightly higher strength than ordinary bricks. Flexural strength also increased with the addition of fiber. The study concluded that banana fiber reinforced bricks performed better than conventional bricks and that using this agricultural waste material is beneficial.
IRJET-Study on Foamed Concrete with Polyurethane as Foaming AgentIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on foamed concrete using polyurethane as a foaming agent. The study tested the properties of foamed concrete with and without fly ash under different curing conditions. Fresh and hardened properties were evaluated including compressive strength, shrinkage, and elastic modulus. Results showed that foamed concrete mixes containing fly ash had better workability and higher compressive strengths compared to mixes without fly ash. Curing conditions also affected properties, with water curing generally providing highest strengths. The study aimed to evaluate foamed concrete as a sustainable building material.
Analysis of the Characteristic behaviour of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash and S...ijtsrd
In the last decades, the use of residue in construction industry, especially as additives in concrete, has been subject of many researches as it may lead several improvements in the concrete properties, besides reducing the environmental pollution. The world rice harvest is estimated in 600 million tons per year. In terms of production sugarcane tops the crop ranking order. In India alone there grows 352 million tons of sugarcane and processed by 138 sugar mills. Considering that 22 of the grain is husk. So both the rice husk and sugarcane bagasse ash are complete waste and can be used as substitutes in concrete. The RHA and Sugarcane bagasse ash were trialed to replace concrete with various ratios of RHA 0 , 10 , 20 , 30 and 40 with fine aggregates and SCBA 0 , 5 , 10 , 15 and 20 with cement. The water cement ratio in all the mixes was maintained at 0.55. From the experimentations it was inferred the modified specimen resulted in number of improvement of properties of cement. The observed increase in compressive strength of concrete is maximum, when the conventional concrete is modified with 15 SCBA and 30 RHA. With this percentage modification there seen increase in both 28 as well as 7 days compressive strength. There observed considerable reduction in slump value yet keeping the mix workable or in other words we can say that modification of concrete by SCBA and RHA do not adversely affect the workability. The 28 day split tensile strength test revealed that the inferences of compressive strength test and split tensile strength were somehow similar to one another. More the application of SCBA and RHA, lesser are their disposal problems and thus results in reduction of carbon credits by these waste products. This research promoted an ecological way of waste management and sustainable construction. Sultan Singh | Er. Sunil Kumar | Er. Vikram "Analysis of the Characteristic behaviour of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29774/analysis-of-the-characteristic-behaviour-of-concrete-with-rice-husk-ash-and-sugarcane-bagasse-ash/sultan-singh
Waste product ‘bagasse ash’ from sugar industry can be used as stabilizing ma...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET- An Comparative Study on Soil Stabilisation using Lime and CementIRJET Journal
This study compared soil stabilization using lime and cement. Two types of soils - black cotton soil and red soil - were stabilized with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% proportions of lime and cement. Tests conducted included specific gravity, plastic limit, liquid limit, California bearing ratio (CBR), and unconfined compression. The CBR and unconfined compression tests showed the soils stabilized with 10% lime or cement had the highest strength. Overall, the results indicated that both lime and cement can effectively stabilize soils and improve their engineering properties, but 10% was found to be the optimal proportion.
Utilization of rice husk ash in mix asphalt concrete as mineral fillar replac...rajatsikarwar
how to use rice husk as a replacement of cement in concrete
and conducting diifferent tests conducted to prove that it is satisfying the indian standards(IS).
IRJET- Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil using Lime and Ground Granulated Bl...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the stabilization of black cotton soil using lime and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Black cotton soil exhibits high swelling and shrinkage when exposed to moisture changes, causing problems for engineering structures. The study investigates how adding GGBFS and lime affects the plasticity index, liquid limit, and other properties of black cotton soil. Test results show that with the addition of 30% GGBFS and 6% lime, the plasticity index decreases significantly from 40.67% to 4.97%, and the differential free swell index decreases from 52.2% to 4%, indicating reduced expansive behavior. The study concludes that GGBFS has good potential for stabilizing weak soils and can be
Analysis of Microstructural Behaviour of Rice Husk Ash Blended Cement MortarIRJET Journal
1) The document analyzes the microstructural properties of rice husk ash (RHA) and the effects of replacing cement with RHA at levels from 0-25% in cement mortar.
2) Testing showed compressive strength initially increased with RHA up to 15% but declined above that, while consistency continuously increased with RHA.
3) Analysis using XRD, TGA and DSC showed RHA contains quartzite, coesite and amorphous silica which impacts properties. SEM and EDS examination showed phase changes in calcium silicate hydrate with curing.
4) Partial cement replacement by RHA could reduce environmental impacts from cement production while maintaining or improving mechanical
UTILIZATION OF RICE HUSK ASH AS A POZZOLAN IN SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE IAEME Publication
The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste can be used as a pozzolanic material in Self-consolidating concrete, as the name a concrete that completely fills the formwork under its own weight without using compaction vibrator by maintaining the homogeneity of concrete. Self-compacting concrete is to resist deformability and segregation in concrete. Deformability known as flow ability is the ability of self-compacting concrete to deform under its own weight without any obstructions. On the other hand segregation resistance is the ability to maintain the homogeneous matrix in between concrete while casting concrete.
The study explores the use of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) to increase the amount of fines and hence achieve self-compact ability in an economical way. The pozzolan used in this research was rice husk under the ASTM standard C618 (Class N). The study focuses on comparison of fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete containing varying amount of 0%, 5% and 10% RHA with dosage of viscosity modifying agent of 2% to 4.5% as an admixture. The comparison is done at different dosages of super-plasticizer keeping cement, water, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate contents constant.
The fresh properties of SCC for flow spread shows that by increasing the amount of RHA the spread decreases. The V-funnel at T=5 min showed that increase in RHA and decrease in super plasticizer high, segregation is resisted at higher content of RHA. Beside this the 10% rice husk ash at 4% super plasticizer proved the higher compressive strength as compared to other mixes. The study concluded that the SCC produced utilizing RHA is more durable than the similar concrete utilizing commercially available admixture.
EFFECTS OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS ON CONCRETE PROPERTIESIRJET Journal
The document discusses a study on the effects of biodegradable materials on the properties of concrete. Specifically, it examines replacing portions of fine aggregate in concrete blocks with sugarcane bagasse powder and egg shell powder. Tests were performed on the basic materials and different mix designs were prepared with replacements of 3%, 6%, and 9%. Concrete blocks were then cast and tested after 28 days of curing. The results showed that blocks with biodegradable material replacements had compression strengths up to 8% higher than conventional blocks without replacements. Therefore, these "green" blocks could potentially be used instead of conventional blocks to reduce environmental impacts from sand mining and waste disposal.
Investigation and Feasibility of Fly Ash and Rise Husk Ash and Quarry Sand fo...IRJET Journal
1) The study investigates using rice husk ash, fly ash, and quarry dust as partial replacements for standard sand in concrete mixtures.
2) The research aims to determine the performance of concrete with varying proportions of rice husk ash and fly ash, ranging from 30% fly ash and 0% rice husk ash up to 15% of each.
3) Numerous tests will be performed on the concrete mixtures including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and workability.
IRJET- Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash to the Properties of Unburnt BrickIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effects of adding rice husk and rice husk ash to the properties of unburnt bricks. Bricks were manufactured with different proportions of rice husk (2-20% by weight), rice husk ash (2-20% by weight), and combinations of rice husk and rice husk ash. Testing found that the compressive strength increased with the addition of rice husk and rice husk ash up to 10%, with the highest strength achieved with 10% rice husk, 10% rice husk ash, or a 1-1% combination. The bulk density decreased with higher proportions of rice husk and rice husk ash due to lower brick weight. The study
IRJET- Concrete with Alternative Aggregates - Green ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using alternative and recycled materials as aggregates in concrete to make it more sustainable. It discusses how concrete production consumes significant natural resources and emits greenhouse gases. "Green concrete" uses alternative aggregates like coconut shells, stone crusher waste, recycled plastics, crushed rubber tires, demolished concrete, and post-consumer glass to reduce environmental impacts. While these alternatives provide benefits, issues like weaker strength and chemical reactions must be addressed to make alternative aggregate concrete viable.
Evaluation of Sustainable Green Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement b...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates sustainable green concrete with partial replacements of cement by rice husk ash and coarse aggregate by crushed cattle bones. Concrete cubes were made with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% rice husk ash replacement of cement and 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% crushed cattle bone replacement of coarse aggregate. The compressive strength of the concrete cubes after 28 days was found to increase by 20-30% compared to normal concrete, demonstrating that the use of rice husk ash and crushed cattle bones can improve the strength and sustainability of concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on High Performance Concrete with Parti...IRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental investigation on the effect of partially replacing cement with quartz powder on the strength properties of high performance concrete. Concrete mixtures were prepared by replacing cement with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30% quartz powder by weight of cement. Compressive strength tests conducted on concrete cubes at 7 days showed that replacement of up to 10% cement with quartz powder increased the compressive strength compared to the control mix without replacement. However, strengths started decreasing with replacements over 10%. The results indicate that partial replacement of cement with up to 10% quartz powder can improve the compressive strength of high performance concrete.
IRJET - Reuse of PET Waste Plastic in Paver BlocksIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on reusing PET waste plastic in paver blocks. The researchers created paver blocks with different ratios of plastic to sand waste. They found that a ratio of 1 part plastic to 5 parts sand waste (1:5) produced blocks with the highest compressive strength of 8.75 N/mm2. These plastic paver blocks also had much lower water absorption of 1.70% compared to 4.91% for standard concrete blocks. The study shows that waste plastic can partially replace sand in paver blocks, improving their strength while providing an environmentally friendly way to reuse plastic waste.
Effect of mill scale and fly ash waste on the performance of cement mortareSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper investigates effect of mill scale and fly ash wastes as a replacement of fine aggregate generally natural sand on the performance of cement mortar. Utilization of fly ash and mill scale in cement mortar production not only provides significant environmental benefits but also enhances performance of the cement mortar when used at optimum amounts. They may be used in the form of finely ground additive to replace part of aggregates in cement mortar. This study looked at the feasibility of mill scale and fly ash waste inclusion as partial aggregate replacement in normal cement mortar. Properties of cement mortar incorporating fly ash and mill scale waste as partial substitution for natural aggregate were investigated. The study involves six replacement levels of mill scale and fly ash wastes into cement mortar for each mix design. Mortar cubes are tested for strength, & water absorption. The partial replacement of fine aggregate by M(3,30), M(5,30), M(8,30), M(10,30), M(12,30), M(15,30) ( M-mix of mill scale & fly ash %) improves the properties of normal mortar. In the design mix of industrial wastes produced, percentage of fly ash is kept constant (30 %) and mill scale is varied from 0 to 15 % by weight of natural sand. The test results indicate that the mechanical properties of mill scale and fly ash modified mortar are improved to a great extent, whereas the water absorption is reduced as compared to that of plain mortar.
Keywords: Mill Scale, Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Durability, Water Absorption, Density
IRJET- To Compare the Compressive Strength of OPC 43 RHA and PPC ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document compares the compressive strength of concrete with rice husk ash (RHA) as a partial replacement for cement. Mortar cubes were made with 10% RHA replacement of cement, and their compressive strengths were tested after 3, 7, 28 days and compared to cubes made with ordinary Portland cement and Portland pozzolana cement. The results showed that RHA can be used as a pozzolanic material in concrete to improve strength and durability while providing an environmentally-friendly way to dispose of the agricultural waste of rice husks. The study aims to develop concrete mixes that utilize RHA as a cement replacement material to meet structural requirements like compressive strength.
Impact of Using RHA and CD in Replacement of Cement for Mixijceronline
This document presents a study on the impact of using rice husk ash (RHA) and copper dust (CD) as partial replacements for cement in concrete mixes. The study involved collecting RHA and CD, testing their properties, developing mix designs, and casting and testing concrete cubes with different RHA and CD replacement levels. The key findings were:
- Replacing cement with up to 30% RHA and 40% CD in the mix designs increased the compressive strength of concrete cubes up to 25% and split tensile strength up to 40% compared to a normal concrete mix.
- Tests on the raw materials found RHA has a specific gravity of 2.52 and 75% fineness, while CD
Supplementary cementitious materials origin from agricultural wastes newSaibas S
The document discusses the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete. RHA is a waste product from rice production that can be used to partially replace cement in concrete. Using RHA provides environmental benefits as it utilizes an agricultural waste and reduces cement usage, which is responsible for 7% of global CO2 emissions. The document outlines the properties and pozzolanic reactivity of RHA that make it suitable as an SCM. Test results showed improved compressive strength of concrete when partially substituting cement with RHA. This demonstrates the potential for RHA to enhance the sustainability and properties of concrete.
IRJET- Study of Plastic Bricks Made from Waste PlasticIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on making bricks using waste plastic. Researchers created bricks by mixing waste plastic granules constituting 0-20% by weight with fly ash, cement, and sand. The bricks were cured for 28 days and then baked at 90-110°C for 2 hours. Testing found the plastic bricks to be lightweight, porous, with low thermal conductivity and adequate mechanical strength. Unlike other porous brick production methods, this process does not use high-temperature incineration and thus has lower carbon emissions. The plastic bricks showed similar compressive strength to normal bricks and reduced water absorption. Efflorescence values were also lower than normal bricks. This study introduces a new method of sustainably managing thermoplastic waste
IRJET- Performance of Coconut Shell as Coarse Aggregate in Cement ConcreteIRJET Journal
This study investigated using coconut shell as a partial replacement for conventional coarse aggregates in concrete. Coconut shells were collected and processed to be used as coarse aggregates in concrete mixes. Concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacement of coarse aggregates with coconut shells by volume. The compressive strength, density, and other properties of the concrete mixes were tested after 7 and 28 days. The results showed that up to 20% replacement of coarse aggregates with coconut shells produced concrete with sufficient strength for structural uses while also providing an economical way to dispose of waste coconut shells and reduce depletion of natural resources. Higher replacement levels of 30% and 40% led to reductions in compressive strength and density.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on using Metakaolin and Marble Dust in Conc...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental investigation on using metakaolin and marble dust in concrete as a partial replacement for cement. Metakaolin is a calcined clay that is easily available in parts of India. Marble dust is a byproduct of marble cutting and manufacturing industries. The study aims to assess the utility of using these industrial wastes (metakaolin and marble dust) as cement replacements in concrete. Various percentages of cement were replaced with combinations of metakaolin and marble dust. The compressive strength and other properties of the concrete mixtures were then tested at 7 and 28 days to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this partial cement replacement approach.
Rice Husk Ash Sandcrete Block as Low Cost Building MaterialIJERA Editor
Concrete is a widely used construction material for various types of structures due to its structural stability and
strength. The construction industry is today consuming more than 400 million tonnes of concrete every year
.Most of the increase in cement demand will be met by the use of supplementary cementing materials, as each
ton of Portland cement clinker production is associated with similar amount of CO2 emission, which is a major
source of global warming. Partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement with mineral admixtures like fly ash,
ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, metakaolin, Rice husk Ash (RHA),etc with plasticizers
eliminates these drawbacks. The use of rice husk modifies the physical qualities of fresh cement paste as well as
microstructure of paste after hardening. By burning the rice husk under a uncontrolled temperature in the
atmosphere, a highly reactive RHA was obtained and the ash was utilized as a supplementary cementing
material. This paper presents the effects of using Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a partial cement replacement
material in mortar mixes. This work is based on an experimental study of mortar made with replacement of
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with 10%, 20% 30% & 40% RHA. The properties investigated were the
compressive strength, setting time, consistency, workability and specific gravity. Finally, a cost analysis was
also done to compare the efficiency of rice husk ash sandcrete blocks. From the test results it can be concluded
that rice husk ash can be utilized in day today life of manufacturing building blocks which are more economical
and more eco-friendly than the cement concrete blocks which are produced now-a-days
EFFECTS OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY METAKAOLIN POWDER AND SAND BY WAS...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the effects of partially replacing cement with metakaolin powder and sand with washed bottom ash in concrete. The objectives are to determine the workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete with these replacements. Cement is replaced with metakaolin powder at rates of 6-30% and sand is replaced with washed bottom ash at rates of 9-45%. Tests will be conducted to compare the strengths and properties of standard concrete to concrete with these replacements. Previous research found that concrete workability was acceptable and strengths generally increased with lower replacement rates. The results of this study will help determine the extent to which these replacements can be utilized.
Performance of High-Strength Concrete Using Palm Oil Fuel Ash as Partial Ceme...IJERA Editor
The advancement in material technology has led to development of concrete with higher strengths. Presence of high cementitious materials contents in high strength concrete mixes increases heat of hydration that causes higher shrinkage and leading it to potential of cracking. However, use of supplementary cementitious materials leads to control in heat of hydration which further avoids higher shrinkage. Materials such as fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin and ground granulated blast furnace slag are largely been used as supplementary cementitious materials in High strength concrete mixes. In the present study use of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as partial cement replacement in high strength concrete mixes is evaluated with an experimental study. High strength concrete mix of M60 grade is taken as a reference and the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength where performed for 7, 28 and 56 days and analyzed it with results for partial replacement mixes of POFA 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% & 25%. It has been observed that concrete with 15% replacement of POFA gave the highest strength.
Similar to IRJET- Incorporation of Rice Husk Ash and Metakaolin as Partial Replacement of Cement in M20 Concrete (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
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