This document presents an experimental study on the impact of a top glass cover on the thermal performance of a Cylindrical Parabolic Solar Collector (CPC) air heater. A copper receiver tube coated with black copper is used as the concentrating solar collector. Experiments are conducted with and without a 5mm thick glass top cover on the CPC. Results show that using a top cover can achieve an instantaneous efficiency of 60% for the CPC solar air heater, indicating that a top cover improves the thermal performance. The document provides details on the experimental setup, measurement instruments, operating conditions, and theoretical equations used to analyze the thermal performance of the CPC air heater with and without a top cover.
REVIEW OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONSijiert bestjournal
Nowadays,the worldwide worry about a global climat e change pushes to develop new energetic strategies. And more,after the recent energetic cr isis due to the increase of oil price,or the gas crisis arisen between Russia and Ukraine This paper reviews the Thermal energy storage systems which have the potential for increasing the effecti ve use of thermal energy equipment and for facilitating large-scale switching. They are normal ly useful for correcting the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy. There are different me thods in thermal storage systems.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how varying the radius, height, and other dimensions of a solar chimney tower and chimney affect the efficiency and mass flow rate of a solar chimney power plant. The study created axisymmetric models of different plant designs in CFX software and solved conservation equations to simulate air flow and heat transfer. Results showed that chimney height and tower outlet radius are important parameters for improving power output. Optimal dimensions were identified. Contour plots showed changes in pressure, temperature, and velocity with different designs. The study concludes dimension choices involve economic tradeoffs between higher output power and construction costs.
009 jgc2016 energy transmission & storage_Schmitz senicsummerschool
This document provides information about an international joint graduate course on energy transmission and storage to be held in Shanghai, China from July 18-28, 2016. It lists the host and co-host universities and provides brief definitions and examples of different types of energy including non-renewable primary energy, renewable energies, secondary energy, and useful energy. It also discusses various ways of converting different energy sources and storage options for electrical energy including batteries, flywheels, and hydrogen storage systems.
Iris Publishers- Journal of Engineering Sciences | Performance and Design Opt...IrisPublishers
The aim of this work is to optimize the design and performance of solar powered γ Stirling engine based on genetic algorithm (GA). A second-order mathematical model which includes thermal losses coupled with genetic algorithm GA has been developed and used to find the best values for different design variables. The physical geometry of the γ Stirling engine has been used as an objective variable in the genetic algorithm GA to determine the optimal parameters. The design geometry of the heat exchanger was considered to be the objective variable. The heater slots height, heater effective length, cooler slots height, cooler effective length, re-generator foil unrolled length and re-generator effective length are assumed to be the objective variables. Also, three different types of working fluids have been used in the model simulation to investigate the effect of the different working fluid on the engine performance. The comparison between the results obtained from the simulation by using the original parameters and the results from the optimized parameters when the engine was powered by solar energy; the higher temperature was 923 K applied to the working fluid when the air, helium, and hydrogen were used as working fluid. The engine power increases from 140.58 watts to 228.54 watts, and it is enhanced by approximately 50%, when the heating temperature is 923 K and the air is used as working fluid. The result showed that the working temperature is one of the most important parameters; because the output power increases by increasing of the hot side temperature.
This review presents various research and development, as well as design and performances of bifluid-based PVT systems. Moreover, the development of PVT system is a very promising area of research. PVT systems using in various applications, such as solar drying, solar cooling, water heating, desalination, and pool heating. With the recognition of the potentials and contributions of PV system, considerable research has been conducted to attain the most advancement which may produce reliable and sustainable PVT system. The cooling system’s design refers to the absorber design which mostly focuses on water and air-based PVT systems. An air-based system has been developed through different absorber configurations, air flow modes and single- or double-pass design. Bifluid-based PVT system is used to remove heat accumulated in a PV panel and reuses the waste heat (hot air and water) in an appropriate way. PV, thermal and PVT efficiencies of bifluid PVT systems were 6.6%-18.6%, 31%–90% and 60%-83%, respectively.
Financial Evaluation of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System for Computer ...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates the financial feasibility of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer laboratory in Bharatpur, India. It finds that:
1. The system is technically feasible, achieving a solar fraction of 0.52-0.75 depending on the collector area. However,
2. Financially, the system is currently not feasible due to the high initial costs of absorption chillers and solar collectors. It provides only marginal annual savings, resulting in very high payback periods of 67-83 years.
3. A sensitivity analysis found that with reduced total investment costs (e.g. due to technology improvements) and increased electricity prices in the future, the payback period could decrease significantly
This document summarizes a computational study on using finned heat pipes to cool photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. The study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model heat transfer from a solar panel through a heat pipe with attached fins. The CFD analysis shows that attaching fins to a heat pipe can reduce the temperature of a solar panel by up to 20°C compared to no cooling. This temperature reduction can increase the panel's efficiency and power output. The study aims to develop a passive cooling system for PV panels using a low-cost finned heat pipe design.
Use of exhaust heat energy of two wheelers to generate power by seebeck effectIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using thermoelectric generators to convert waste heat from vehicle exhaust into electricity. It discusses how the Seebeck effect allows direct conversion of temperature differences into electric voltage. Studies have placed thermoelectric modules in contact with exhaust systems to generate power from the temperature difference between hot exhaust gases and coolant. The document reviews several past studies on thermoelectric generator design, materials, and power generation performance in vehicle exhaust systems. It finds that while thermoelectric generators can recover some wasted heat, the potential power is usually just enough to power vehicle accessories rather than significantly improving fuel efficiency. Proper system design is needed to maximize energy recovery from exhaust, cooling, and lubrication waste heat streams.
REVIEW OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONSijiert bestjournal
Nowadays,the worldwide worry about a global climat e change pushes to develop new energetic strategies. And more,after the recent energetic cr isis due to the increase of oil price,or the gas crisis arisen between Russia and Ukraine This paper reviews the Thermal energy storage systems which have the potential for increasing the effecti ve use of thermal energy equipment and for facilitating large-scale switching. They are normal ly useful for correcting the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy. There are different me thods in thermal storage systems.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how varying the radius, height, and other dimensions of a solar chimney tower and chimney affect the efficiency and mass flow rate of a solar chimney power plant. The study created axisymmetric models of different plant designs in CFX software and solved conservation equations to simulate air flow and heat transfer. Results showed that chimney height and tower outlet radius are important parameters for improving power output. Optimal dimensions were identified. Contour plots showed changes in pressure, temperature, and velocity with different designs. The study concludes dimension choices involve economic tradeoffs between higher output power and construction costs.
009 jgc2016 energy transmission & storage_Schmitz senicsummerschool
This document provides information about an international joint graduate course on energy transmission and storage to be held in Shanghai, China from July 18-28, 2016. It lists the host and co-host universities and provides brief definitions and examples of different types of energy including non-renewable primary energy, renewable energies, secondary energy, and useful energy. It also discusses various ways of converting different energy sources and storage options for electrical energy including batteries, flywheels, and hydrogen storage systems.
Iris Publishers- Journal of Engineering Sciences | Performance and Design Opt...IrisPublishers
The aim of this work is to optimize the design and performance of solar powered γ Stirling engine based on genetic algorithm (GA). A second-order mathematical model which includes thermal losses coupled with genetic algorithm GA has been developed and used to find the best values for different design variables. The physical geometry of the γ Stirling engine has been used as an objective variable in the genetic algorithm GA to determine the optimal parameters. The design geometry of the heat exchanger was considered to be the objective variable. The heater slots height, heater effective length, cooler slots height, cooler effective length, re-generator foil unrolled length and re-generator effective length are assumed to be the objective variables. Also, three different types of working fluids have been used in the model simulation to investigate the effect of the different working fluid on the engine performance. The comparison between the results obtained from the simulation by using the original parameters and the results from the optimized parameters when the engine was powered by solar energy; the higher temperature was 923 K applied to the working fluid when the air, helium, and hydrogen were used as working fluid. The engine power increases from 140.58 watts to 228.54 watts, and it is enhanced by approximately 50%, when the heating temperature is 923 K and the air is used as working fluid. The result showed that the working temperature is one of the most important parameters; because the output power increases by increasing of the hot side temperature.
This review presents various research and development, as well as design and performances of bifluid-based PVT systems. Moreover, the development of PVT system is a very promising area of research. PVT systems using in various applications, such as solar drying, solar cooling, water heating, desalination, and pool heating. With the recognition of the potentials and contributions of PV system, considerable research has been conducted to attain the most advancement which may produce reliable and sustainable PVT system. The cooling system’s design refers to the absorber design which mostly focuses on water and air-based PVT systems. An air-based system has been developed through different absorber configurations, air flow modes and single- or double-pass design. Bifluid-based PVT system is used to remove heat accumulated in a PV panel and reuses the waste heat (hot air and water) in an appropriate way. PV, thermal and PVT efficiencies of bifluid PVT systems were 6.6%-18.6%, 31%–90% and 60%-83%, respectively.
Financial Evaluation of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System for Computer ...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates the financial feasibility of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer laboratory in Bharatpur, India. It finds that:
1. The system is technically feasible, achieving a solar fraction of 0.52-0.75 depending on the collector area. However,
2. Financially, the system is currently not feasible due to the high initial costs of absorption chillers and solar collectors. It provides only marginal annual savings, resulting in very high payback periods of 67-83 years.
3. A sensitivity analysis found that with reduced total investment costs (e.g. due to technology improvements) and increased electricity prices in the future, the payback period could decrease significantly
This document summarizes a computational study on using finned heat pipes to cool photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. The study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model heat transfer from a solar panel through a heat pipe with attached fins. The CFD analysis shows that attaching fins to a heat pipe can reduce the temperature of a solar panel by up to 20°C compared to no cooling. This temperature reduction can increase the panel's efficiency and power output. The study aims to develop a passive cooling system for PV panels using a low-cost finned heat pipe design.
Use of exhaust heat energy of two wheelers to generate power by seebeck effectIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using thermoelectric generators to convert waste heat from vehicle exhaust into electricity. It discusses how the Seebeck effect allows direct conversion of temperature differences into electric voltage. Studies have placed thermoelectric modules in contact with exhaust systems to generate power from the temperature difference between hot exhaust gases and coolant. The document reviews several past studies on thermoelectric generator design, materials, and power generation performance in vehicle exhaust systems. It finds that while thermoelectric generators can recover some wasted heat, the potential power is usually just enough to power vehicle accessories rather than significantly improving fuel efficiency. Proper system design is needed to maximize energy recovery from exhaust, cooling, and lubrication waste heat streams.
Presented by P.C. Incalcaterra, "White Certificates Evaluation Team", ENEA, Italy, at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Milan, Italy on 22 October 2008.
This document describes the performance evaluation of a hybrid modified micro-channel solar cell thermal tile through experimental validation. An indoor test setup and prototype tile were developed to study the tile's performance over different light intensities. The thermal and electrical efficiencies were found to be 35.7% and 12.4%, respectively. Overall energy and exergy analyses were also carried out based on the experimental results. Previous studies on hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems and their efficiency improvements are reviewed.
Fabrication of new ceramics nanocomposites for solar energy storage and releasejournalBEEI
The carbides nanostructures have huge applications in renewable energy fields such as the saving of solar energy and release which attributed to the good their properties (thermal, electrical, mechanical, optical and chemical). So, in this paper, the solar energy storage and release of carbides nanoparticles/water for building heating and cooling applications have been investigated with different concentrations of metals carbides nanoparticles (tantalum carbide-silicon carbide). The results showed that the melting and solidification times for thermal energy storage and release decrease with an increase (TaC-SiC) nanoparticles concentrations. From the obtained results, the TaC/SiC nanostructures/ water nano-system are considered as promising materials for solar energy storage and release with high efficiency and high gain (more than 50% compare with the water). Also, the TaC/SiC may be used for heating and cooling fields with good performance and high gain.
Design and Performance Analysis of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System fo...IRJET Journal
- The document discusses the design and performance analysis of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer lab located in Bharatpur, India.
- The peak cooling load of the computer lab is calculated to be 34.94 kW, so a 10TR vapor absorption cooling system is adopted.
- Simulations are carried out using the TRANSOL program to analyze the performance of the solar cooling system using different solar collector types and areas. Parameters like solar fraction, primary energy savings, and electrical COP are evaluated.
- It is concluded that the solar thermal cooling system can achieve good solar fractions between 0.52-0.75 and primary energy savings up to 52% for the considered location and collector areas.
008 jgc2016 Schmitz impact of energy conversions on environmentsenicsummerschool
This document provides information about an international joint graduate course on the impact of energy conversions on the environment that was held from July 18-28, 2016 in Shanghai, China. It lists the host and co-host universities involved and provides an agenda for presentations on topics like global emissions, energy systems modeling, and examples of research from Hamburg University of Technology. It also includes background information about Hamburg University of Technology, its research areas, and statistics about the university.
006 160719 urban environment analysis for new and existing neighborhoodsenicsummerschool
This document summarizes a presentation on analyzing solar radiation and urban overshadowing effects in Norway. It includes:
1) A case study of the Lerkendal district in Trondheim, Norway, where a lack of preliminary solar studies led to overshadowing that reduced solar potential for new buildings.
2) Details on simulating solar radiation for the area using dynamic tools to assess impacts of surroundings on solar availability and energy production. This showed solar access was reduced by 20-50% compared to isolated building simulations.
3) Recommendations for using localization, preliminary studies, and generative design processes to better integrate solar technologies into the urban context and mitigate overshadowing effects.
This document summarizes Giulio Vialetto's Ph.D. research on improving energy efficiency in industrial facilities through innovative energy systems and data analysis methods. The research analyzed systems combining solid oxide fuel cells with heat pumps for advanced heat recovery and reversible solid oxide cell systems for combined heat, power, and hydrogen production. Cluster analysis of energy demand data was also studied to better design energy systems and identify opportunities to reduce mismatch between demand and supply. Case studies found primary energy savings of 2-6.5% were possible depending on the production levels and improvements implemented.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Heater to Increase Heat Transfer R...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on enhancing heat transfer in solar air heaters through the use of artificial surface roughness. An experimental solar air heater was fabricated with an absorber plate containing V-shaped, discrete fins as artificial roughness. Temperature and pressure measurements were taken at various points along the air flow path through the heater over multiple days. The results showed an increase in heat transfer coefficient of 15-35% compared to a smooth surface, demonstrating that artificial roughness is an effective way to improve solar air heater performance.
Investigating Of Proper Photovoltaic Panel Tilt Angle to Be Used As Shading D...IJERA Editor
Photovoltaic panels can act as power generator as well as external shading devices with proper tilt angle. In this paper we will study the performance of a Silicon Photovoltaic system with different tilt angle arrangement in Kuwait (latitude 30˚ N). In the study the PV system is installed facing south to collectmaximum solar radiation at noon. The angle is varied from 00 to 900, during full year at the Solstice (the time at which the day and night come into balance) and Equinox (the end of the day’s increase or decrease in day night hours) periods, to achieve optimum tilt angle, higher in magnitude than 300 with competitive output power. The results show that the performance and the output power of the PV system with 50˚ tilt angle, is equivalent to the corresponding values at tilt angle equal to Kuwait latitude (30˚) during the whole year.
Experimental and Modeling Dynamic Study of the Indirect Solar Water Heater: A...IJAAS Team
The document presents an experimental and theoretical study of an indirect solar water heater system in Rabat, Morocco. A theoretical dynamic multi-node model is proposed and validated experimentally. The system includes a 1.91 m2 flat plate collector and 300 L storage tank that heats water solely with solar energy. Experimental data was collected over sunny and cloudy days and showed good agreement with the model, with average deviations of 2-5% for water temperature and 4-9% for useful energy. The thermal efficiency was also determined experimentally and theoretically, agreeing well with industry standards.
An innovative approach to design cogeneration systems based on big data analy...Giulio Vialetto
In recent years, collecting energy consumption data is becoming easier and easier thanks to decreasing of cost of smart sensors. Moreover, capacity of analysis data using big data methods like machine learning and artificial intelligence is increasing. Such methods are expected to be useful to increase efficiency of energy systems.
In this paper an innovative approach to design cogeneration systems based on big data analysis is developed. More specifically, a study on how cluster analysis could be applied to analyse energy consumption data is depicted. The aim of the method is to design cogeneration systems that suit more efficiently energy demand profiles, choosing the correct type of cogeneration technology, operation strategy and, if they are necessary, energy storages. In the first part of the paper, the methodology based on clustering to perform the analysis of the dataset is described. In the second part, a case study with cogenerators (a wood industry that requires low temperature heat to dry wood into steam-powered kilns) is analysed. An alternative cogeneration system is designed and proposed. Thermodynamics benchmarks are defined to evaluate differences between as-is and alternative scenarios.
Results show that the proposed innovative method allows to choose a more suitable cogeneration technology compared to the adopted one, giving suggestions on the operation strategy in order to decrease energy losses and, consequently, primary energy consumption.
Photovoltaic thermal (PVT), which is the popular technology for harvesting solar energy, receive solar energy and convert it into electrical and thermal energy simultaneously. In this review, design, heat transfer, energy modelling and performance analysis of PVT systems are presented. Four types of PVT systems base on heat transfer medium; air-based PVT system, water-based PVT system, the combination of water/air-based PVT system, and nanofluid-based PVT system are presented. In addition, major finding on energy and exergy analysis of PVT systems are summarized.
This document summarizes a study on designing a model test for the nuclear reactor core of a small modular reactor using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The study involved designing test equipment components using CAD software and simulating fluid flow and heat transfer in a hexagonal subchannel structure with water as the coolant fluid. The simulation examined temperature changes under conditions of natural convection and forced convection at varying fluid velocities and constant heat flux. Results showed that fluid temperature increased with decreasing velocity and increasing heat flux due to more efficient heat transfer at higher flow rates. The design and simulation provide a model for testing small modular reactor core designs.
Investigation and analysis of air pollution emitted from thermal power plantsIAEME Publication
This document provides a critical review of air pollution emitted from thermal power plants. It discusses the various pollutants emitted from conventional coal-fired power plants and cogeneration power plants that use biomass fuels like rice husk. The key pollutants discussed are fly ash, SO2, NOx, and CO2. It is concluded that fly ash generation poses a major waste disposal problem, but could become a resource if utilized properly. Biomass power plants have lower efficiency than coal plants, so improvements are needed to boiler and combustion equipment design to increase efficiency when using fuels like rice husk. On-site measurements of pollutants at Indian power plants were also discussed.
Cascaded Thermodynamic and Environmental Analyses of Energy Generation Modali...Ozyegin University
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the energy and exergy flows of a high-performance academic building under five different operation scenarios, based on real measurements. The scenarios include: 1) the original design, 2) adding a ground-air heat exchanger, 3) installing roof-top solar PV panels, 4) using a trigeneration system instead of boilers, and 5) integrating all three alternative energy sources. Dynamic thermodynamic, economic and environmental analyses were performed for each scenario. It was determined that using a trigeneration system provided the best outcomes in terms of reduced energy demand and costs as well as improved exergy efficiency and sustainability, compared to the other scenarios. However, an integrated approach combining all
IRJET- CFD based Performance Analysis of a Roughened Solar Air Heater Duc...IRJET Journal
This document presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of heat transfer in a solar air heater duct with artificial roughness. NACA 0030 airfoils were used as the roughness elements on the absorber plate. CFD was used to model air flow and heat transfer for smooth and roughened ducts. The RNG k-epsilon turbulence model provided accurate results compared to experimental data. The CFD analysis found that using NACA 0030 airfoils significantly increased heat transfer rates compared to a smooth duct surface, without significantly increasing friction losses. Correlations were developed for Nusselt number and friction factor that can be used to predict performance of roughened ducts.
ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS OF CYCLE EFFICIENCY FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER...IAEME Publication
Shell and tube Heat exchanger (STHE) is one of the most common and widely used energy transporter suited for domestic usages as well as industrial applications. In this paper, we consider shell and tube heat exchanger as a device with known input and output parameters. This work utilizes imperative design constraints like tube configuration, fluids, surface and temperature (constant magnitude) as input parameters and energetic cycle efficiency considered as desired output parameter depicting performance of the device. The model was trained and tested by proposed Genetic algorithm (GA) technique. This entire computational procedure is implemented in MATLAB platform.
Innovative cogeneration system for residential purposeGiulio Vialetto
This system was presented ad the Global Conference on Global Warning 2015 in Athens. The system is made by a SOFC system and a ground source heat pump (GSHP).
IRJET- Heat Exchanger based on Nano FluidIRJET Journal
The document discusses using nanofluids to improve heat transfer in a heat exchanger. It begins by introducing nanofluids and their potential to increase heat transfer rates compared to conventional fluids. It then describes the experimental setup to test a heat exchanger using water and metal-based nanofluids. Temperature sensors will measure the inlet and outlet temperatures of the two fluids while flow control valves regulate flow rates. The goal is to study the effect of mass flow rates on heat exchanger efficiency. CAD software was used to model the design. Experimental testing will obtain results and conclusions on the heat exchanger's performance using nanofluids versus just water.
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
Steam Generation by using Solar Dish CollectorIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental setup that uses four parabolic dish collectors to generate steam from solar energy. Each dish has a highly reflective aluminum foil surface and focuses sunlight onto a helical copper coil placed at the intersection of the dishes' focal points. Water is circulated through the coil as a heat transfer fluid. On sunny summer days, temperatures in the range of 120-160°C were achieved. The system is intended to provide steam generation for rural applications using solar energy. Graphs show receiver temperature increased with time and decreased with higher mass flow rates through the coil. The experimental results indicate the system could efficiently generate steam for applications like cooking or water heating.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE FLOW PACKED BED SOLAR AI...IAEME Publication
Solar air heater is a type of heat exchanger that transforms solar radiation energy into heat energy. Conventional solar air heaters have poor thermal performance due to high heat losses and low convective heat transfer coefficient between absorber and flowing air. Attempts have been made to improve the thermal performance of conventional solar air heater by employing various design and flow arrangements. Double flow solar air heater with packing is an important and effective design improvement that has been proposed to improve the thermal performance. This paper presents the performance and economic analysis of double flow solar air collector with and without packing in the duct. Effect of various parameters on the thermal performance and pressure drop characteristics has been studied experimentally. The study concludes that double flow arrangement with packing is economical and having short payback period. Also, the thermal performance of double flow solar air heater with packing in upper duct is significantly higher compared to double flow solar air heater without packing and conventional solar air heater.
Presented by P.C. Incalcaterra, "White Certificates Evaluation Team", ENEA, Italy, at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Milan, Italy on 22 October 2008.
This document describes the performance evaluation of a hybrid modified micro-channel solar cell thermal tile through experimental validation. An indoor test setup and prototype tile were developed to study the tile's performance over different light intensities. The thermal and electrical efficiencies were found to be 35.7% and 12.4%, respectively. Overall energy and exergy analyses were also carried out based on the experimental results. Previous studies on hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems and their efficiency improvements are reviewed.
Fabrication of new ceramics nanocomposites for solar energy storage and releasejournalBEEI
The carbides nanostructures have huge applications in renewable energy fields such as the saving of solar energy and release which attributed to the good their properties (thermal, electrical, mechanical, optical and chemical). So, in this paper, the solar energy storage and release of carbides nanoparticles/water for building heating and cooling applications have been investigated with different concentrations of metals carbides nanoparticles (tantalum carbide-silicon carbide). The results showed that the melting and solidification times for thermal energy storage and release decrease with an increase (TaC-SiC) nanoparticles concentrations. From the obtained results, the TaC/SiC nanostructures/ water nano-system are considered as promising materials for solar energy storage and release with high efficiency and high gain (more than 50% compare with the water). Also, the TaC/SiC may be used for heating and cooling fields with good performance and high gain.
Design and Performance Analysis of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System fo...IRJET Journal
- The document discusses the design and performance analysis of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer lab located in Bharatpur, India.
- The peak cooling load of the computer lab is calculated to be 34.94 kW, so a 10TR vapor absorption cooling system is adopted.
- Simulations are carried out using the TRANSOL program to analyze the performance of the solar cooling system using different solar collector types and areas. Parameters like solar fraction, primary energy savings, and electrical COP are evaluated.
- It is concluded that the solar thermal cooling system can achieve good solar fractions between 0.52-0.75 and primary energy savings up to 52% for the considered location and collector areas.
008 jgc2016 Schmitz impact of energy conversions on environmentsenicsummerschool
This document provides information about an international joint graduate course on the impact of energy conversions on the environment that was held from July 18-28, 2016 in Shanghai, China. It lists the host and co-host universities involved and provides an agenda for presentations on topics like global emissions, energy systems modeling, and examples of research from Hamburg University of Technology. It also includes background information about Hamburg University of Technology, its research areas, and statistics about the university.
006 160719 urban environment analysis for new and existing neighborhoodsenicsummerschool
This document summarizes a presentation on analyzing solar radiation and urban overshadowing effects in Norway. It includes:
1) A case study of the Lerkendal district in Trondheim, Norway, where a lack of preliminary solar studies led to overshadowing that reduced solar potential for new buildings.
2) Details on simulating solar radiation for the area using dynamic tools to assess impacts of surroundings on solar availability and energy production. This showed solar access was reduced by 20-50% compared to isolated building simulations.
3) Recommendations for using localization, preliminary studies, and generative design processes to better integrate solar technologies into the urban context and mitigate overshadowing effects.
This document summarizes Giulio Vialetto's Ph.D. research on improving energy efficiency in industrial facilities through innovative energy systems and data analysis methods. The research analyzed systems combining solid oxide fuel cells with heat pumps for advanced heat recovery and reversible solid oxide cell systems for combined heat, power, and hydrogen production. Cluster analysis of energy demand data was also studied to better design energy systems and identify opportunities to reduce mismatch between demand and supply. Case studies found primary energy savings of 2-6.5% were possible depending on the production levels and improvements implemented.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Solar Air Heater to Increase Heat Transfer R...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on enhancing heat transfer in solar air heaters through the use of artificial surface roughness. An experimental solar air heater was fabricated with an absorber plate containing V-shaped, discrete fins as artificial roughness. Temperature and pressure measurements were taken at various points along the air flow path through the heater over multiple days. The results showed an increase in heat transfer coefficient of 15-35% compared to a smooth surface, demonstrating that artificial roughness is an effective way to improve solar air heater performance.
Investigating Of Proper Photovoltaic Panel Tilt Angle to Be Used As Shading D...IJERA Editor
Photovoltaic panels can act as power generator as well as external shading devices with proper tilt angle. In this paper we will study the performance of a Silicon Photovoltaic system with different tilt angle arrangement in Kuwait (latitude 30˚ N). In the study the PV system is installed facing south to collectmaximum solar radiation at noon. The angle is varied from 00 to 900, during full year at the Solstice (the time at which the day and night come into balance) and Equinox (the end of the day’s increase or decrease in day night hours) periods, to achieve optimum tilt angle, higher in magnitude than 300 with competitive output power. The results show that the performance and the output power of the PV system with 50˚ tilt angle, is equivalent to the corresponding values at tilt angle equal to Kuwait latitude (30˚) during the whole year.
Experimental and Modeling Dynamic Study of the Indirect Solar Water Heater: A...IJAAS Team
The document presents an experimental and theoretical study of an indirect solar water heater system in Rabat, Morocco. A theoretical dynamic multi-node model is proposed and validated experimentally. The system includes a 1.91 m2 flat plate collector and 300 L storage tank that heats water solely with solar energy. Experimental data was collected over sunny and cloudy days and showed good agreement with the model, with average deviations of 2-5% for water temperature and 4-9% for useful energy. The thermal efficiency was also determined experimentally and theoretically, agreeing well with industry standards.
An innovative approach to design cogeneration systems based on big data analy...Giulio Vialetto
In recent years, collecting energy consumption data is becoming easier and easier thanks to decreasing of cost of smart sensors. Moreover, capacity of analysis data using big data methods like machine learning and artificial intelligence is increasing. Such methods are expected to be useful to increase efficiency of energy systems.
In this paper an innovative approach to design cogeneration systems based on big data analysis is developed. More specifically, a study on how cluster analysis could be applied to analyse energy consumption data is depicted. The aim of the method is to design cogeneration systems that suit more efficiently energy demand profiles, choosing the correct type of cogeneration technology, operation strategy and, if they are necessary, energy storages. In the first part of the paper, the methodology based on clustering to perform the analysis of the dataset is described. In the second part, a case study with cogenerators (a wood industry that requires low temperature heat to dry wood into steam-powered kilns) is analysed. An alternative cogeneration system is designed and proposed. Thermodynamics benchmarks are defined to evaluate differences between as-is and alternative scenarios.
Results show that the proposed innovative method allows to choose a more suitable cogeneration technology compared to the adopted one, giving suggestions on the operation strategy in order to decrease energy losses and, consequently, primary energy consumption.
Photovoltaic thermal (PVT), which is the popular technology for harvesting solar energy, receive solar energy and convert it into electrical and thermal energy simultaneously. In this review, design, heat transfer, energy modelling and performance analysis of PVT systems are presented. Four types of PVT systems base on heat transfer medium; air-based PVT system, water-based PVT system, the combination of water/air-based PVT system, and nanofluid-based PVT system are presented. In addition, major finding on energy and exergy analysis of PVT systems are summarized.
This document summarizes a study on designing a model test for the nuclear reactor core of a small modular reactor using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The study involved designing test equipment components using CAD software and simulating fluid flow and heat transfer in a hexagonal subchannel structure with water as the coolant fluid. The simulation examined temperature changes under conditions of natural convection and forced convection at varying fluid velocities and constant heat flux. Results showed that fluid temperature increased with decreasing velocity and increasing heat flux due to more efficient heat transfer at higher flow rates. The design and simulation provide a model for testing small modular reactor core designs.
Investigation and analysis of air pollution emitted from thermal power plantsIAEME Publication
This document provides a critical review of air pollution emitted from thermal power plants. It discusses the various pollutants emitted from conventional coal-fired power plants and cogeneration power plants that use biomass fuels like rice husk. The key pollutants discussed are fly ash, SO2, NOx, and CO2. It is concluded that fly ash generation poses a major waste disposal problem, but could become a resource if utilized properly. Biomass power plants have lower efficiency than coal plants, so improvements are needed to boiler and combustion equipment design to increase efficiency when using fuels like rice husk. On-site measurements of pollutants at Indian power plants were also discussed.
Cascaded Thermodynamic and Environmental Analyses of Energy Generation Modali...Ozyegin University
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the energy and exergy flows of a high-performance academic building under five different operation scenarios, based on real measurements. The scenarios include: 1) the original design, 2) adding a ground-air heat exchanger, 3) installing roof-top solar PV panels, 4) using a trigeneration system instead of boilers, and 5) integrating all three alternative energy sources. Dynamic thermodynamic, economic and environmental analyses were performed for each scenario. It was determined that using a trigeneration system provided the best outcomes in terms of reduced energy demand and costs as well as improved exergy efficiency and sustainability, compared to the other scenarios. However, an integrated approach combining all
IRJET- CFD based Performance Analysis of a Roughened Solar Air Heater Duc...IRJET Journal
This document presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of heat transfer in a solar air heater duct with artificial roughness. NACA 0030 airfoils were used as the roughness elements on the absorber plate. CFD was used to model air flow and heat transfer for smooth and roughened ducts. The RNG k-epsilon turbulence model provided accurate results compared to experimental data. The CFD analysis found that using NACA 0030 airfoils significantly increased heat transfer rates compared to a smooth duct surface, without significantly increasing friction losses. Correlations were developed for Nusselt number and friction factor that can be used to predict performance of roughened ducts.
ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS OF CYCLE EFFICIENCY FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER...IAEME Publication
Shell and tube Heat exchanger (STHE) is one of the most common and widely used energy transporter suited for domestic usages as well as industrial applications. In this paper, we consider shell and tube heat exchanger as a device with known input and output parameters. This work utilizes imperative design constraints like tube configuration, fluids, surface and temperature (constant magnitude) as input parameters and energetic cycle efficiency considered as desired output parameter depicting performance of the device. The model was trained and tested by proposed Genetic algorithm (GA) technique. This entire computational procedure is implemented in MATLAB platform.
Innovative cogeneration system for residential purposeGiulio Vialetto
This system was presented ad the Global Conference on Global Warning 2015 in Athens. The system is made by a SOFC system and a ground source heat pump (GSHP).
IRJET- Heat Exchanger based on Nano FluidIRJET Journal
The document discusses using nanofluids to improve heat transfer in a heat exchanger. It begins by introducing nanofluids and their potential to increase heat transfer rates compared to conventional fluids. It then describes the experimental setup to test a heat exchanger using water and metal-based nanofluids. Temperature sensors will measure the inlet and outlet temperatures of the two fluids while flow control valves regulate flow rates. The goal is to study the effect of mass flow rates on heat exchanger efficiency. CAD software was used to model the design. Experimental testing will obtain results and conclusions on the heat exchanger's performance using nanofluids versus just water.
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
Steam Generation by using Solar Dish CollectorIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental setup that uses four parabolic dish collectors to generate steam from solar energy. Each dish has a highly reflective aluminum foil surface and focuses sunlight onto a helical copper coil placed at the intersection of the dishes' focal points. Water is circulated through the coil as a heat transfer fluid. On sunny summer days, temperatures in the range of 120-160°C were achieved. The system is intended to provide steam generation for rural applications using solar energy. Graphs show receiver temperature increased with time and decreased with higher mass flow rates through the coil. The experimental results indicate the system could efficiently generate steam for applications like cooking or water heating.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE FLOW PACKED BED SOLAR AI...IAEME Publication
Solar air heater is a type of heat exchanger that transforms solar radiation energy into heat energy. Conventional solar air heaters have poor thermal performance due to high heat losses and low convective heat transfer coefficient between absorber and flowing air. Attempts have been made to improve the thermal performance of conventional solar air heater by employing various design and flow arrangements. Double flow solar air heater with packing is an important and effective design improvement that has been proposed to improve the thermal performance. This paper presents the performance and economic analysis of double flow solar air collector with and without packing in the duct. Effect of various parameters on the thermal performance and pressure drop characteristics has been studied experimentally. The study concludes that double flow arrangement with packing is economical and having short payback period. Also, the thermal performance of double flow solar air heater with packing in upper duct is significantly higher compared to double flow solar air heater without packing and conventional solar air heater.
IRJET- Design and Development of a Waste Heat Recovery Unit for Household Ref...IRJET Journal
The document describes a study to design and develop a waste heat recovery unit for a household refrigerator system. The researchers designed a new water-cooled condenser to replace the original air-cooled condenser. They integrated the new condenser with a waste heat recovery unit placed behind the refrigerator. Testing found that the water in the recovery unit could reach temperatures of around 50°C after 3 hours, with an average of 40°C. The new system did not significantly affect refrigerator performance while improving the overall efficiency by recovering waste heat.
COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF COOLING OF PV SOLAR PANEL USING FINNED HEAT PIPE TECHN...IAEME Publication
Various solar energy technologies exist and they have different application techniques in the generation of electrical power. The widespread use of photovoltaic (PV) modules in such
technologies has been relatively high costs and low efficiencies. The efficiency of PV panel decreases as the operating temperature increases. This is due to reflection from the top surface, absorption of heat by the parts other than the cell, absorption of heat from the other portion of the spectrum.
Thermodynamic simulation of year round air conditioning system for variable r...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the thermodynamic simulation of a year-round air conditioning system with a variable rotational speed desiccant wheel. The system includes components like a desiccant wheel, evaporative cooler, heating coils, and cooling coils to provide cooling and humidity control for different weather conditions. Equations are presented for analyzing parameters like the outlet temperature and efficiency of the desiccant wheel, saturation efficiency and cooling pad volume of the evaporative cooler, and supply air conditions. Simulation results show that the outlet temperature of the desiccant wheel increases with rotational speed from 52.96°C to 63.28°C, while the efficiency increases and saturation efficiency of the evaporative cooler decreases. The cooling pad volume
Thermal Analysis of Earth Tube Heat ExchangerIRJET Journal
This document presents a thermal analysis and CFD simulation of an earth tube heat exchanger. The earth tube heat exchanger uses geothermal energy from the ground for heating and cooling applications by circulating air through underground pipes. The study models the heat exchanger system in ANSYS Fluent to analyze parameters like pipe length, diameter, air velocity, and their impact on system effectiveness. CFD simulations are conducted to evaluate the heat transfer between the buried pipes and circulating air under varying operating conditions.
Solar photovoltaic/thermal air collector with mirrors for optimal tiltsIJECEIAES
This work is the result of a study of a photovoltaic/thermal air collector that concentrates solar radiation using two mobile mirrors to enhance electrical and thermal energy. The study is made for the site of Tetouan (Morocco) (longitude=-5°, latitude=35.25°) for a daily variation during typical days in May, June, September, and December, days considered as clear sky. To prove the effectiveness of the mirrors on the production of both electrical and thermal energy by the collector, we compared their electrical and thermal efficiency in two cases, without and with mirrors at the optimal positions. We validate the obtained simulation results by comparing them to the results from experimental studies published in the literature, for which a strong agreement was obtained. The model estimates the solar energy received by the hybrid collector during the day, to optimize the performance of the fixed collector, we have searched for the values of the optimal daily tilt angles of the two mirrors which allowed us to enhance the quantity of incoming solar radiation on the collector. The tilt angles depend on the sun’s elevation angle, the azimuth angle for typical days of the year.
IRJET- Optimisation of Solar Collector’s Efficiency using Copper TubeIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses optimizing the efficiency of a solar collector by using a copper tube filled with pebbles as the absorber.
2. Test results showed using the copper tube with pebbles increased maximum air temperature by about 20°C and collector efficiency by about 6% compared to using a plain copper tube.
3. Convection losses were reduced and heat transfer rate increased significantly when using the copper tube filled with pebbles absorber configuration.
Design of The Cooling System for Optimizing the Performance of Solar PanelIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and testing of three solar panel cooling systems. The cooling systems included two passive systems, one using an acrylic tank and the other using copper heat pipes and an aluminum heat sink. The third was an active water cooling system that pumped water over the solar panel surface. Experimental results showed that the water cooling system maintained the lowest solar panel temperatures, with panel temperatures around 60°C compared to 70°C without cooling. Cooling the panels in this way improved their electrical output and efficiency by reducing thermal losses at high temperatures.
Design of Air Preheater for Solar Dryer for Drying Cerealsijiert bestjournal
This paper expla ins about various factors which are to be considering while designing solar dryer for agriculture products. It includes the major part s like air pre heater,air duct,and cabin for keeping agricultura l products. Out of these parts of air pre heater is important as solar energy is available in attuned form & we have to concentrate it with help of solar collectors. In c ollectors absorber plates are made up of good thermal conductor like copper,aluminium so the plate is get heated due to solar radiation & hence air is h eated by the convection process by forcing the air to flow over absorber plate & this heated air is directed towards the cabin through ducts . After that heated air is made to flow over agri cultural product s specially cereals lying in the cabin which is a closed space having number of trays placed in vertical shell with suitable distance & heated air takes away moisture present in it.
Design of air preheater for solar dryer for drying cerealsSumit Dharmarao
This document discusses the design of an air preheater for a solar dryer used to dry cereals. It describes the major components of a solar dryer, including the air preheater, air duct, and drying cabin. The air preheater is important as it concentrates solar energy to heat the air. Absorber plates made of materials like copper or aluminum are used to absorb solar radiation and heat the air flowing over them via convection. The heated air is then directed through ducts to the drying cabin where it removes moisture from cereals placed on trays. Empirical correlations are presented that can be used to model the performance of such a system and optimize the design of the air preheater.
IRJET- Thermal Analysis and Management for an Autonomous Underwater VehicleIRJET Journal
This document discusses thermal analysis and management for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). It begins by introducing AUVs and the heat generated by their electrical, electronic, mechanical and mechatronic systems operating inside the enclosed pressure hull. It then estimates the heat loads on the AUV through theoretical, numerical and experimental analysis to understand temperature variation over time. Various thermal management techniques are discussed, including active cooling with fans/liquid and passive cooling with heat sinks, heat pipes and phase change materials (PCMs). PCM-based thermal management is proposed to absorb heat during phase changes and prevent battery temperature from rising too fast inside the enclosed hull.
Testing and Performance of Parabolic Trough Collector in Indian climateIJSRD
A parabolic trough collector is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal. The energy of sunlight which enters the mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where object is positioned that is intended to be heated. It consists of a tube, which runs the length of the trough at its focal line. The mirror is oriented so that sunlight which it reflects is concentrated on the tube, which contains a fluid which is heated to a high temperature by the energy of the sunlight. The hot fluid can be used for many purposes.
Testing and Performance of Parabolic Trough Collector in Indian climateIJSRD
This document analyzes the performance of a parabolic trough solar collector designed and tested in Indian climate conditions. A parabolic trough collector was fabricated with a 1m long mirror and tested at different mass flow rates of water. Key findings from the tests include:
1) As mass flow rate increased, outlet temperature decreased but efficiency and heat removal factor increased.
2) Higher mass flow rates led to lower heat loss coefficients and surface temperatures.
3) The maximum efficiency of 69.39% was achieved at a mass flow rate of 3kg/hr.
IRJET- A Review on Developing a Model that Uses Waste Heat from Condenser in ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews several studies on developing models to utilize waste heat from the condenser in a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Key findings from the studies include:
1) Models that recover waste heat from the condenser can increase the COP of the vapor compression system by 10-11%.
2) Waste heat recovered from the condenser has been used to heat water, operate an oven, power additional refrigeration cycles, and improve the efficiency of air conditioning systems.
3) Optimal operating parameters like temperatures and fluid flow rates need to be considered to feasibly recover waste heat from the condenser.
Review of Various Cooling Techniques to Improve the Performance of the Solar ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews various cooling techniques that can improve the performance of solar photovoltaic panels. It discusses both active and passive cooling methods. Active methods discussed include forced air cooling using fans, forced water cooling using pumps to circulate water, and photovoltaic thermal systems. Passive methods discussed do not require moving parts and include using phase change materials, heat sinks, and natural convection. The document reviews several studies that have shown these cooling techniques can lower the operating temperature of solar panels and increase their electrical efficiency and power output.
IRJET-Performance Analysis of Solar Air Heater with Different Absorber Materi...IRJET Journal
1) The document compares the performance of two types of solar air heaters - one with a toughened glass absorber plate and the other with a GI (galvanized iron) absorber plate.
2) Experimental results showed that the efficiency of the solar air heater with the toughened glass plate was higher than the one with the GI plate. The air temperature achieved was also higher with the toughened glass plate.
3) Efficiency increased with higher air velocities for both types of heaters but the toughened glass plate design performed better overall according to the analysis.
Solar Heat Storage Technologies: Advancements and Integration in Renewable En...IRJET Journal
The document discusses solar heat storage technologies and their integration into renewable energy systems. It provides background on solar heat storage and its importance for generating energy without fossil fuels. Sensible heat storage stores thermal energy by increasing the temperature of a storage medium without phase transformation. Various solar heat storage technologies are described, including flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, and concentrating solar power systems. The future of solar heat storage technologies is promising as materials improve and integration with other renewables increases. Challenges include the initial cost and weather dependence of solar energy systems. The document also examines thermal energy storage methods, classifications of solar energy storage, advantages and disadvantages, and the cost-effectiveness of solar heat storage technologies.
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
Performance Analysis Methodology for Parabolic Dish Solar Concentrators for P...IOSR Journals
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
Similar to IRJET- Impact of Top Cover on Thermal Performance of CPC Solar Air Heater (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
UNLOCKING HEALTHCARE 4.0: NAVIGATING CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE I...amsjournal
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
physical, and biological technologies. This study examines the integration of 4.0 technologies into
healthcare, identifying success factors and challenges through interviews with 70 stakeholders from 33
countries. Healthcare is evolving significantly, with varied objectives across nations aiming to improve
population health. The study explores stakeholders' perceptions on critical success factors, identifying
challenges such as insufficiently trained personnel, organizational silos, and structural barriers to data
exchange. Facilitators for integration include cost reduction initiatives and interoperability policies.
Technologies like IoT, Big Data, AI, Machine Learning, and robotics enhance diagnostics, treatment
precision, and real-time monitoring, reducing errors and optimizing resource utilization. Automation
improves employee satisfaction and patient care, while Blockchain and telemedicine drive cost reductions.
Successful integration requires skilled professionals and supportive policies, promising efficient resource
use, lower error rates, and accelerated processes, leading to optimized global healthcare outcomes.