The document describes a technique to locate and recognize numbers in natural images. It involves preprocessing the image using Gaussian blur for smoothing, edge detection using Sobel or Canny operators, finding maximally stable extremal regions (MSER) to identify candidate objects, segmenting individual digits using vertical projection or contours, extracting features of each segmented digit, and classifying the digits using a technique like K-nearest neighbors. The technique aims to recognize numbers without requiring extensive training data, thus saving memory and computation time compared to traditional optical character recognition systems. Room for future improvement includes handling complex backgrounds better to make the approach more robust.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A New Technique of Extraction of Edge Detection Using Digital Image Processing IJMER
Digital image Processing is one of the basic and important tool in the image processing and
computer vision. In this paper we discuss about the extraction of a digital image edge using different
digital image processing techniques. Edge detection is the most common technique for detecting
discontinuities in intensity values. The input image or actual image have some noise that may cause the
of quality of the digital image. Firstly, wavelet transform is used to remove noises from the image
collected. Secondly, some edge detection operators such as Differential edge detection, Log edge
detection, canny edge detection and Binary morphology are analyzed. And then according to the
simulation results, the advantages and disadvantages of these edge detection operators are compared. It
is shown that the Binary morphology operator can obtain better edge feature. Finally, in order to gain
clear and integral image profile, the method of ordering closed is given. After experimentation, edge
detection method proposed in this paper is feasible.
Defect detecting of PCB using Image processing in this it included the basic principal that enhancing the image quality through the image processing technique and this compare with the original image and ideal image and defect detect through the subtraction method
Gabor filter is a powerful way to enhance biometric images like fingerprint images in order to extract correct features from these images, Gabor filter used in extracting features directly asin iris images, and sometimes Gabor filter has been used for texture analysis. In fingerprint images The even symmetric Gabor filter is contextual filter or multi-resolution filter will be used to enhance fingerprint imageby filling small gaps (low-pass effect) in the direction of the ridge (black regions) and to increase the discrimination between ridge and valley (black and white regions) in the direction, orthogonal to the ridge, the proposed method in applying Gabor filter on fingerprint images depending on translated fingerprint image into binary image after applying some simple enhancing methods to partially overcome time consuming problem of the Gabor filter.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper presents an improved edge detection algorithm for facial and remotely sensed images using
vector order statistics. The developed algorithm processes coloured images directly without been converted
to grey scale. A number of the existing algorithms converts the coloured images into grey scale before
detection of edges. But this process leads to inaccurate precision of recognized edges, thus producing false
and broken edges in the output edge map. Facial and remotely sensed images consist of curved edge lines
which have to be detected continuously to prevent broken edges. In order to deal with this, a collection of
pixel approach is introduced with a view to minimizing the false and broken edges that exists in the
generated output edge map of facial and remotely sensed images.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A New Technique of Extraction of Edge Detection Using Digital Image Processing IJMER
Digital image Processing is one of the basic and important tool in the image processing and
computer vision. In this paper we discuss about the extraction of a digital image edge using different
digital image processing techniques. Edge detection is the most common technique for detecting
discontinuities in intensity values. The input image or actual image have some noise that may cause the
of quality of the digital image. Firstly, wavelet transform is used to remove noises from the image
collected. Secondly, some edge detection operators such as Differential edge detection, Log edge
detection, canny edge detection and Binary morphology are analyzed. And then according to the
simulation results, the advantages and disadvantages of these edge detection operators are compared. It
is shown that the Binary morphology operator can obtain better edge feature. Finally, in order to gain
clear and integral image profile, the method of ordering closed is given. After experimentation, edge
detection method proposed in this paper is feasible.
Defect detecting of PCB using Image processing in this it included the basic principal that enhancing the image quality through the image processing technique and this compare with the original image and ideal image and defect detect through the subtraction method
Gabor filter is a powerful way to enhance biometric images like fingerprint images in order to extract correct features from these images, Gabor filter used in extracting features directly asin iris images, and sometimes Gabor filter has been used for texture analysis. In fingerprint images The even symmetric Gabor filter is contextual filter or multi-resolution filter will be used to enhance fingerprint imageby filling small gaps (low-pass effect) in the direction of the ridge (black regions) and to increase the discrimination between ridge and valley (black and white regions) in the direction, orthogonal to the ridge, the proposed method in applying Gabor filter on fingerprint images depending on translated fingerprint image into binary image after applying some simple enhancing methods to partially overcome time consuming problem of the Gabor filter.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper presents an improved edge detection algorithm for facial and remotely sensed images using
vector order statistics. The developed algorithm processes coloured images directly without been converted
to grey scale. A number of the existing algorithms converts the coloured images into grey scale before
detection of edges. But this process leads to inaccurate precision of recognized edges, thus producing false
and broken edges in the output edge map. Facial and remotely sensed images consist of curved edge lines
which have to be detected continuously to prevent broken edges. In order to deal with this, a collection of
pixel approach is introduced with a view to minimizing the false and broken edges that exists in the
generated output edge map of facial and remotely sensed images.
Matching algorithm performance analysis for autocalibration method of stereo ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Stereo vision is one of the interesting research topics in the computer vision field. Two cameras are used to generate a disparity map, resulting in the depth estimation. Camera calibration is the most important step in stereo vision. The calibration step is used to generate an intrinsic parameter of each camera to get a better disparity map. In general, the calibration process is done manually by using a chessboard pattern, but this process is an exhausting task. Self-calibration is an important ability required to overcome this problem. Self-calibration required a robust and good matching algorithm to find the key feature between images as reference. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of three matching algorithms for the autocalibration process. The matching algorithms used in this research are SIFT, SURF, and ORB. The result shows that SIFT performs better than other methods.
Mislaid character analysis using 2-dimensional discrete wavelet transform for...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Comparative Analysis of Common Edge Detection Algorithms using Pre-processing...IJECEIAES
Edge detection is the process of segmenting an image by detecting discontinuities in brightness. Several standard segmentation methods have been widely used for edge detection. However, due to inherent quality of images, these methods prove ineffective if they are applied without any preprocessing. In this paper, an image pre-processing approach has been adopted in order to get certain parameters that are useful to perform better edge detection with the standard edge detection methods. The proposed preprocessing approach involves median filtering to reduce the noise in image and then edge detection technique is carried out. Finally, Standard edge detection methods can be applied to the resultant pre-processing image and its Simulation results are show that our pre-processed approach when used with a standard edge detection method enhances its performance.
An Efficient Algorithm for Edge Detection of Corroded SurfaceIJERA Editor
Inspection process in industrial applications plays a vital role as it directly hinders the outages of industry. Thereby the inspection especially in case of corroded surfaces is to be fast, precised and accurate. Visual inspection has been very liable to mistakes because of numerous facts. The automatic inspection systems remove subjective aspects and can provide fast and accurate inspection. Inspection of corroded surfaces is very important concern, thus it is required to detect corroded surfaces. A new algorithm is developed by certain changes in mask and thresholding selection to detect corroded surfaces. The paper is about how we can amend the weak edges of input images and discarding false edges to overcome the problem of traditional techniques in this field. Proposed operator also compared with two commonly used edge detection algorithms which are Canny and Sobel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance Evaluation of Image Edge Detection Techniques CSCJournals
The success of an image recognition procedure is related to the quality of the edges marked. The
aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate edge detection techniques when applied to
noisy images at different scales. Sobel, Prewitt, and Canny edge detection algorithms are
evaluated using artificially generated images and comparison criteria: edge quality (EQ) and map
quality (MQ). The results demonstrated that the use of these criteria can be utilized as an aid for
further analysis and arbitration to find the best edge detector for a given image.
2-Dimensional Wavelet pre-processing to extract IC-Pin information for disarr...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Due to higher processing power to cost ratio, it is now possible to replace the manual detection methods used in the IC (Integrated Circuit) industry by Image-processing based automated methods, to detect a broken pin of an IC connected on a PCB during manufacturing, which will make the process faster, easier and cheaper. In this paper an accurate and fast automatic detection method is used where the top view camera shots of PCBs are processed using advanced methods of 2-dimensional discrete wavelet pre-processing before applying edge-detection. Comparison with conventional edge detection methods such as Sobel, Prewitt and Canny edge detection without 2-D DWT is also performed. Keywords :2-dimensional wavelets, Edge detection, Machine vision, Image processing, Canny.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
SLIC Superpixel Based Self Organizing Maps Algorithm for Segmentation of Micr...IJAAS Team
We can find the simultaneous monitoring of thousands of genes in parallel Microarray technology. As per these measurements, microarray technology have proven powerful in gene expression profiling for discovering new types of diseases and for predicting the type of a disease. Gridding, Intensity extraction, Enhancement and Segmentation are important steps in microarray image analysis. This paper gives simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) based self organizing maps (SOM) algorithm for segmentation of microarray image. The clusters of pixels which share similar features are called Superpixels, thus they can be used as mid-level units to decrease the computational cost in many vision applications. The proposed algorithm utilizes superpixels as clustering objects instead of pixels. The qualitative and quantitative analysis shows that the proposed method produces better segmentation quality than k-means, fuzzy cmeans and self organizing maps clustering methods.
An efficient method for recognizing the low quality fingerprint verification ...IJCI JOURNAL
In this paper, we propose an efficient method to provide personal identification using fingerprint to get better accuracy even in noisy condition. The fingerprint matching based on the number of corresponding minutia pairings, has been in use for a long time, which is not very efficient for recognizing the low quality fingerprints. To overcome this problem, correlation technique is used. The correlation-based fingerprint verification system is capable of dealing with low quality images from which no minutiae can be extracted reliably and with fingerprints that suffer from non-uniform shape distortions, also in case of damaged and partial images. Orientation Field Methodology (OFM) has been used as a preprocessing module, and it converts the images into a field pattern based on the direction of the ridges, loops and bifurcations in the image of a fingerprint. The input image is then Cross Correlated (CC) with all the images in the cluster and the highest correlated image is taken as the output. The result gives a good recognition rate, as the proposed scheme uses Cross Correlation of Field Orientation (CCFO = OFM + CC) for fingerprint identification.
EV-SIFT - An Extended Scale Invariant Face Recognition for Plastic Surgery Fa...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a new technique called Entropy based SIFT (EV-SIFT) for accurate face recognition after the plastic surgery. The corresponding feature extracts the key points and volume of the scale-space structure for which the information rate is determined. This provides least effect on uncertain variations in the face since the entropy is the higher order statistical feature. The corresponding EV-SIFT features are applied to the Support vector machine for classification. The normal SIFT feature extracts the key points based on the contrast of the image and the V- SIFT feature extracts the key points based on the volume of the structure. However, the EV- SIFT method provides both the contrast and volume information. Thus EV-SIFT provide better performance when compared with PCA, normal SIFT and VSIFT based feature extraction.
Matching algorithm performance analysis for autocalibration method of stereo ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Stereo vision is one of the interesting research topics in the computer vision field. Two cameras are used to generate a disparity map, resulting in the depth estimation. Camera calibration is the most important step in stereo vision. The calibration step is used to generate an intrinsic parameter of each camera to get a better disparity map. In general, the calibration process is done manually by using a chessboard pattern, but this process is an exhausting task. Self-calibration is an important ability required to overcome this problem. Self-calibration required a robust and good matching algorithm to find the key feature between images as reference. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of three matching algorithms for the autocalibration process. The matching algorithms used in this research are SIFT, SURF, and ORB. The result shows that SIFT performs better than other methods.
Mislaid character analysis using 2-dimensional discrete wavelet transform for...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Comparative Analysis of Common Edge Detection Algorithms using Pre-processing...IJECEIAES
Edge detection is the process of segmenting an image by detecting discontinuities in brightness. Several standard segmentation methods have been widely used for edge detection. However, due to inherent quality of images, these methods prove ineffective if they are applied without any preprocessing. In this paper, an image pre-processing approach has been adopted in order to get certain parameters that are useful to perform better edge detection with the standard edge detection methods. The proposed preprocessing approach involves median filtering to reduce the noise in image and then edge detection technique is carried out. Finally, Standard edge detection methods can be applied to the resultant pre-processing image and its Simulation results are show that our pre-processed approach when used with a standard edge detection method enhances its performance.
An Efficient Algorithm for Edge Detection of Corroded SurfaceIJERA Editor
Inspection process in industrial applications plays a vital role as it directly hinders the outages of industry. Thereby the inspection especially in case of corroded surfaces is to be fast, precised and accurate. Visual inspection has been very liable to mistakes because of numerous facts. The automatic inspection systems remove subjective aspects and can provide fast and accurate inspection. Inspection of corroded surfaces is very important concern, thus it is required to detect corroded surfaces. A new algorithm is developed by certain changes in mask and thresholding selection to detect corroded surfaces. The paper is about how we can amend the weak edges of input images and discarding false edges to overcome the problem of traditional techniques in this field. Proposed operator also compared with two commonly used edge detection algorithms which are Canny and Sobel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance Evaluation of Image Edge Detection Techniques CSCJournals
The success of an image recognition procedure is related to the quality of the edges marked. The
aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate edge detection techniques when applied to
noisy images at different scales. Sobel, Prewitt, and Canny edge detection algorithms are
evaluated using artificially generated images and comparison criteria: edge quality (EQ) and map
quality (MQ). The results demonstrated that the use of these criteria can be utilized as an aid for
further analysis and arbitration to find the best edge detector for a given image.
2-Dimensional Wavelet pre-processing to extract IC-Pin information for disarr...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Due to higher processing power to cost ratio, it is now possible to replace the manual detection methods used in the IC (Integrated Circuit) industry by Image-processing based automated methods, to detect a broken pin of an IC connected on a PCB during manufacturing, which will make the process faster, easier and cheaper. In this paper an accurate and fast automatic detection method is used where the top view camera shots of PCBs are processed using advanced methods of 2-dimensional discrete wavelet pre-processing before applying edge-detection. Comparison with conventional edge detection methods such as Sobel, Prewitt and Canny edge detection without 2-D DWT is also performed. Keywords :2-dimensional wavelets, Edge detection, Machine vision, Image processing, Canny.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
SLIC Superpixel Based Self Organizing Maps Algorithm for Segmentation of Micr...IJAAS Team
We can find the simultaneous monitoring of thousands of genes in parallel Microarray technology. As per these measurements, microarray technology have proven powerful in gene expression profiling for discovering new types of diseases and for predicting the type of a disease. Gridding, Intensity extraction, Enhancement and Segmentation are important steps in microarray image analysis. This paper gives simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) based self organizing maps (SOM) algorithm for segmentation of microarray image. The clusters of pixels which share similar features are called Superpixels, thus they can be used as mid-level units to decrease the computational cost in many vision applications. The proposed algorithm utilizes superpixels as clustering objects instead of pixels. The qualitative and quantitative analysis shows that the proposed method produces better segmentation quality than k-means, fuzzy cmeans and self organizing maps clustering methods.
An efficient method for recognizing the low quality fingerprint verification ...IJCI JOURNAL
In this paper, we propose an efficient method to provide personal identification using fingerprint to get better accuracy even in noisy condition. The fingerprint matching based on the number of corresponding minutia pairings, has been in use for a long time, which is not very efficient for recognizing the low quality fingerprints. To overcome this problem, correlation technique is used. The correlation-based fingerprint verification system is capable of dealing with low quality images from which no minutiae can be extracted reliably and with fingerprints that suffer from non-uniform shape distortions, also in case of damaged and partial images. Orientation Field Methodology (OFM) has been used as a preprocessing module, and it converts the images into a field pattern based on the direction of the ridges, loops and bifurcations in the image of a fingerprint. The input image is then Cross Correlated (CC) with all the images in the cluster and the highest correlated image is taken as the output. The result gives a good recognition rate, as the proposed scheme uses Cross Correlation of Field Orientation (CCFO = OFM + CC) for fingerprint identification.
EV-SIFT - An Extended Scale Invariant Face Recognition for Plastic Surgery Fa...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a new technique called Entropy based SIFT (EV-SIFT) for accurate face recognition after the plastic surgery. The corresponding feature extracts the key points and volume of the scale-space structure for which the information rate is determined. This provides least effect on uncertain variations in the face since the entropy is the higher order statistical feature. The corresponding EV-SIFT features are applied to the Support vector machine for classification. The normal SIFT feature extracts the key points based on the contrast of the image and the V- SIFT feature extracts the key points based on the volume of the structure. However, the EV- SIFT method provides both the contrast and volume information. Thus EV-SIFT provide better performance when compared with PCA, normal SIFT and VSIFT based feature extraction.
An Efficient Algorithm for Edge Detection of Corroded SurfaceIJERA Editor
Inspection process in industrial applications plays a vital role as it directly hinders the outages of industry. Thereby the inspection especially in case of corroded surfaces is to be fast, precised and accurate. Visual inspection has been very liable to mistakes because of numerous facts. The automatic inspection systems remove subjective aspects and can provide fast and accurate inspection. Inspection of corroded surfaces is very important concern, thus it is required to detect corroded surfaces. A new algorithm is developed by certain changes in mask and thresholding selection to detect corroded surfaces. The paper is about how we can amend the weak edges of input images and discarding false edges to overcome the problem of traditional techniques in this field. Proposed operator also compared with two commonly used edge detection algorithms which are Canny and Sobel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Enhanced Optimization of Edge Detection for High Resolution Images Using Veri...ijcisjournal
dge Detection plays a crucial role in Image Processing and Segmentation where a set of algorithms aims
to identify various portions of a digital image at which a sharpened image is observed in the output or
more formally has discontinuities. The contour of Edge Detection also helps in Object Detection and
Recognition. Image edges can be detected by using two attributes such as Gradient and Laplacian. In our
Paper, we proposed a system which utilizes Canny and Sobel Operators for Edge Detection which is a
Gradient First order derivative function for edge detection by using Verilog Hardware Description
Language and in turn compared with the results of the previous paper in Matlab. The process of edge
detection in Verilog significantly reduces the processing time and filters out unneeded information, while
preserving the important structural properties of an image. This edge detection can be used to detect
vehicles in Traffic Jam, Medical imaging system for analysing MRI, x-rays by using Xilinx ISE Design
Suite 14.2.
Abstract Edge detection is a fundamental tool used in most image processing applications. We proposed a simple, fast and efficient technique to detect the edge for the identifying, locating sharp discontinuities in an image and boundary of an image. In this paper, we found that proposed method called LookUp Table performs well, which requires least computational time as compared to conventional Edge Detection techniques. And also in this paper we presented a comparative performance of various conventional Edge Detection Techniques. Keywords: Edge detectors, Lookup table.
Similar to IRJET- Digit Identification in Natural Images (20)
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.