This project, design and implemented a low-cost IoT based energy monitoring system (smart energy meter) for real-time monitoring of all electrical parameters i.e. AC voltage, AC current, active power, total energy consumption, power factor, frequency, and tariff. The design is based on a low-cost PZEM-004T, using a non-invasive Current Transformer
(CT) sensors, Arduino and Raspberry pi. Electrical measurements are done by PZEM-004T and CT sensors through Arduino. Raspberry pi communicates with Arduino through serial communication to retrieve these sensor’s data and send it to the server via internet. As a result, the developed energy monitoring system can successfully record the voltage, current, active power, power factor, frequency, accumulative power consumption and tariff. Consumers will be able to
see their electricity usage and the tariff according to the energy usage in real-time through web and mobile application. In case of any fault e.g., short circuit or power supply cut off, the consumer will receive a text message on his mobile number. Moreover, consumers will be able to receive the tariff on a weekly or monthly basis.
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
The IOT based energy meter is based on Arduino. This system eliminates the human involvement in electricity maintenance. The theft of electricity increases the costs paid by customers. Hence this system is used for the detection of theft. The energy meter is connected to the Arduino. The Arduino checks the main meter and sub meter reading. If the difference between the main meter and sub meter is occurred then the message that theft has occurred will be displayed on the LCD display as well as on the thingspeak. The comparison between the main meter and sub meter reading is used to check the theft status. Customer can be access the thingspeak from anywhere on the globe at the anytime using the consumer number. Hence the customer can be easily access their energy usage. Mrs Sandhya Shinde | Mr. Yogesh Yadav | Miss. Bharti Sontakke | Miss. Pratiksha Zapake"IoT Based Smart Energy Meter" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5761.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/5761/iot-based-smart-energy-meter/mrs-sandhya-shinde
Smart meters are advanced electric meters that allow two-way communication between the utility and customers. They provide benefits like more accurate billing, outage detection, and potential cost savings through time-based pricing programs. However, some are concerned about the health effects of the radiofrequency radiation emitted by smart meters and their mesh networks. Opponents argue that smart meters increase overall radiation exposure and fossil fuel usage compared to traditional analog meters. The World Health Organization has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans based on some evidence of increased cancer risk from cell phone use.
Design and Implementation of IOT Based Smart Power Monitoring and Management ...ijesajournal
We will design a system based on WSNs and IoT technologies to manage real-time power at buildings. This system comprises of: a wireless sensor network (sensing node and base station) and a smart home gateway. A sensing node is utilized wireless sensors to measure voltage and current; to calculate power consumption of connected appliances, transmitted wirelessly to a base station via Zigbee node. A base station is designed to receive all data transmitted from the sensing node and display it through GUI available at the personal computer, with the possibility of controlling ON and OFF appliances according to consumer requirements; All of these readings will be stored at database for analysis. In addition, a smart home gateway will connect the system with internet to allow consumers to continuous monitoring and remote control the appliances via a smartphone application. The benefit of this system, that the appliances control mechanism can be done in different ways (manually, automatically, and remotely). Various household appliances were tested to verify the accuracy of the electrical parameters that measured at system and compare them with practical measurement, found the average error ratio between them (0.3%) was in voltage, (1.5%) in current, and (1.8%) in power.
This document discusses smart grid technology. It defines smart grid as an electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather data and act on information about supplier and consumer behavior. The key components of a smart grid are smart meters, phasor measurement, information transfer, and distributed generation. A smart grid offers benefits like reduced carbon footprint, improved distribution management, self-healing capabilities, and increased efficiency. Specific ideas presented for a smart grid include a power management app that provides household electricity usage insights and allows selling regenerative power back to the grid.
Seminar presentation on Smart Energy Metersudhanshurj
The document discusses smart energy meters, which allow for two-way communication between the energy meter and the utility provider. Smart meters consist of components like a digital energy meter, current and voltage sensors, a microcontroller, and a communication module. This enables remote and automatic meter reading as well as providing consumers with insights into their energy usage to encourage savings. Smart meters help reduce power theft, improve regulation, and allow more accurate billing compared to traditional electro-mechanical meters.
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
The IOT based energy meter is based on Arduino. This system eliminates the human involvement in electricity maintenance. The theft of electricity increases the costs paid by customers. Hence this system is used for the detection of theft. The energy meter is connected to the Arduino. The Arduino checks the main meter and sub meter reading. If the difference between the main meter and sub meter is occurred then the message that theft has occurred will be displayed on the LCD display as well as on the thingspeak. The comparison between the main meter and sub meter reading is used to check the theft status. Customer can be access the thingspeak from anywhere on the globe at the anytime using the consumer number. Hence the customer can be easily access their energy usage. Mrs Sandhya Shinde | Mr. Yogesh Yadav | Miss. Bharti Sontakke | Miss. Pratiksha Zapake"IoT Based Smart Energy Meter" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5761.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/5761/iot-based-smart-energy-meter/mrs-sandhya-shinde
Smart meters are advanced electric meters that allow two-way communication between the utility and customers. They provide benefits like more accurate billing, outage detection, and potential cost savings through time-based pricing programs. However, some are concerned about the health effects of the radiofrequency radiation emitted by smart meters and their mesh networks. Opponents argue that smart meters increase overall radiation exposure and fossil fuel usage compared to traditional analog meters. The World Health Organization has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans based on some evidence of increased cancer risk from cell phone use.
Design and Implementation of IOT Based Smart Power Monitoring and Management ...ijesajournal
We will design a system based on WSNs and IoT technologies to manage real-time power at buildings. This system comprises of: a wireless sensor network (sensing node and base station) and a smart home gateway. A sensing node is utilized wireless sensors to measure voltage and current; to calculate power consumption of connected appliances, transmitted wirelessly to a base station via Zigbee node. A base station is designed to receive all data transmitted from the sensing node and display it through GUI available at the personal computer, with the possibility of controlling ON and OFF appliances according to consumer requirements; All of these readings will be stored at database for analysis. In addition, a smart home gateway will connect the system with internet to allow consumers to continuous monitoring and remote control the appliances via a smartphone application. The benefit of this system, that the appliances control mechanism can be done in different ways (manually, automatically, and remotely). Various household appliances were tested to verify the accuracy of the electrical parameters that measured at system and compare them with practical measurement, found the average error ratio between them (0.3%) was in voltage, (1.5%) in current, and (1.8%) in power.
This document discusses smart grid technology. It defines smart grid as an electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather data and act on information about supplier and consumer behavior. The key components of a smart grid are smart meters, phasor measurement, information transfer, and distributed generation. A smart grid offers benefits like reduced carbon footprint, improved distribution management, self-healing capabilities, and increased efficiency. Specific ideas presented for a smart grid include a power management app that provides household electricity usage insights and allows selling regenerative power back to the grid.
Seminar presentation on Smart Energy Metersudhanshurj
The document discusses smart energy meters, which allow for two-way communication between the energy meter and the utility provider. Smart meters consist of components like a digital energy meter, current and voltage sensors, a microcontroller, and a communication module. This enables remote and automatic meter reading as well as providing consumers with insights into their energy usage to encourage savings. Smart meters help reduce power theft, improve regulation, and allow more accurate billing compared to traditional electro-mechanical meters.
The document discusses India's power grid network and the transition to a smart grid system. It provides information on:
- India's existing regional power grids and their interconnections.
- The definition and key characteristics of a smart grid, including its use of digital technology, smart meters, and two-way communication.
- The advantages of a smart grid like enabling renewable energy integration, demand response programs, and modernizing transmission and distribution systems.
CIEC16_PPT_Iot Based Smart Solar MonitoringSOHAM ADHYA
This document discusses using the Internet of Things (IoT) for remote monitoring and control of solar photovoltaic power plants. It describes the key components of solar PV plants, the goals of monitoring them, and parameters that can be tracked. These include voltages, currents, power output, radiation levels, and temperatures. The document proposes using sensors connected over IoT to monitor these factors, store the data in databases, and provide web-based access to the information. This would allow remote monitoring, maintenance scheduling, output analysis, and fault detection for solar farms.
The document discusses using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) installed with power meters to minimize power theft. PLCs connected to power meters via an optical fiber network can remotely monitor and control power usage. If payments are delinquent, power companies can stop supply from the networked meters. Installing PLC-enabled meters high on poles separates the measurement and display functions, preventing tampering while still allowing users to check usage.
Smart Grid
Why do we need Smart Grid?
What is Smart Grid?
Smart Grid conceptual model
Wide Area Monitoring systems
What is WAMs
WAMS Architecture
Applications of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
Concluding Remarks
As the world’s electricity systems face a number of challenges
such as
New dynamics of future demand and supply
Ageing infrastructure
Complex interconnected grids
Integration of large number of renewable generation sources
Need to lower carbon emissions
New type of loads such as Electric Vehicles
This document provides an overview of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) for smart grids. It begins with outlining the challenges faced by today's electric grids, such as peak demand, power theft, lack of visibility, and aging infrastructure. It then presents the conceptual model of a smart grid, including bidirectional power and information flows. Key components of AMI are described, including smart meters, smart appliances, and various communication technologies. The role of AMI in enabling applications like bulk meter reading, demand response, and outage notification is explained. Finally, the document discusses a smart grid pilot project in Puducherry, India and lists relevant resources and companies in the field.
The document provides an introduction to smart grids. It discusses how smart grids enable two-way communication between utilities and customers as well as integration of renewable energy sources. Key components of smart grids include smart meters, phasor measurement units, distributed generation, and information transfers. Smart grids provide benefits like improved efficiency, reliability, and support for renewable energy while also posing challenges around security and complex rate systems. India has several smart grid pilot projects underway to modernize its electrical infrastructure.
The document discusses smart grids as a modernization of existing power systems. It describes smart grids as using information technology and communication networks to create a more decentralized, efficient and renewable-based electric grid. Some key benefits of smart grids include improved energy efficiency, higher power reliability, lower costs for consumers, and better integration of renewable energy sources. However, smart grids also face challenges such as high installation costs and potential cybersecurity and privacy issues. The document provides an overview of smart grid components and technologies as well as examples of smart grid pilot projects being implemented in India.
This document discusses smart meters, which are digital meters being installed in homes across the UK to remotely measure electricity and gas usage. Smart meters send readings automatically to energy providers every 30 minutes via a dedicated wireless network. Homeowners receive two smart meters - one for gas and one for electricity - as well as an in-home display screen showing energy consumption and costs in real-time. The screen is powered by the electric mains and costs less than £1 per year to operate. Smart meters provide more accurate readings compared to traditional analog meters and allow energy usage and costs to be monitored remotely.
This document describes a smart energy meter that uses a GSM module to send electricity consumption data via SMS. The meter uses an AD7751 IC to measure real power consumption based on current and voltage inputs. An AVR microcontroller then processes this data and calculates energy used. It can send meter readings, billing information, and load details to the user's mobile phone upon request via a missed call to provide real-time monitoring. The smart meter allows for accurate and automated energy monitoring and billing compared to traditional meters.
RF energy harvesting involves capturing wireless signals like Wi-Fi and converting them into usable electrical energy. It consists of an antenna that receives RF signals, rectification circuits that convert AC to DC, energy storage components like capacitors, and power management circuitry that regulates voltage and current delivery. RF energy harvesting shows potential to power wireless devices without batteries and supports growing applications in sensor networks and IoT. Ongoing research aims to improve efficiency, allow multi-band harvesting, further miniaturize components, and integrate the technology into more devices.
This document presents a design for an IoT-based smart energy meter. Key features include:
1) The energy meter measures energy consumption and transmits readings to a cloud platform via an Arduino, ESP8266 WiFi module, and ThingSpeak. This allows for automatic remote meter reading and billing.
2) Additional features include consumption thresholds that trigger alerts and automatic power cuts, helping users monitor and reduce energy usage.
3) The smart meter is intended to address issues with traditional meters like manual readings prone to errors, lack of remote monitoring, and inability to detect transmission line faults.
This document discusses issues related to interconnecting microgrids. It describes how a DC microgrid system utilizes a DC bus to distribute power from photovoltaic units and battery storage to local households. Interconnection can be done directly through switchgear or power electronic interfaces. Key issues that can arise include voltage and frequency fluctuations that occur due to imbalance between supply and demand, power factor correction needs, and harmonics produced by some loads. Unintentional islanding is also a safety concern that must be addressed when connecting microgrids to the main power grid.
This document discusses advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). It defines AMI as a system that allows for two-way communication between utilities and smart meters, enabling near real-time collection and transfer of energy usage data. The key components of an AMI system include smart meters, communications infrastructure, home area networks, a meter data management system, and operational gateways. While costly to implement, AMI provides benefits like improved reliability, lower energy costs, and reduced electricity theft. The document also examines AMI in the context of India's power grid and estimates costs associated with deployment.
An energy meter measures the amount of electrical energy consumed over time using kilowatt-hours. There are two main types: electro-mechanical and electronic. Electro-mechanical meters use a rotating disc to measure usage, but have errors, while electronic meters use digital circuits for more accurate and tamper-resistant readings. Future meters will have remote reading capabilities and allow time-of-day pricing to encourage off-peak usage. Meters are tested using specialized equipment and procedures to check for accuracy and compliance. Tampering methods can be detected by modern meters' sensors and digital components.
Wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) are essentially based on the new data acquisition technology of phasor measurement and allow monitoring transmission system conditions over large areas in view of detecting and further counteracting grid instabilities.
This PPT provides the contents related to the Smart Grid Introduction. It is created for catering the Unit I contents of the AU course EE8019 - Smart Grid
The document describes a proposed automatic energy meter reading and billing system using GSM technology. The system would replace manual meter reading by having energy meters transmit readings to a central system via GSM modules. This would allow remote access and monitoring of usage without site visits. The system architecture includes microcontrollers, LCD displays, relays, GSM modules, and other hardware. It would provide benefits like reduced costs, time savings from manual reading, and more accurate billing.
This document presents an overview of reactive power compensation. It defines reactive power compensation as managing reactive power to improve AC system performance. There are two main aspects: load compensation to increase power factor and voltage regulation, and voltage support to decrease voltage fluctuations. Several methods of reactive power compensation are discussed, including shunt compensation using capacitors and reactors, series compensation, static VAR compensators (SVCs), static compensators (STATCOMs), and synchronous condensers. SVC and STATCOM technologies are compared, with STATCOMs having advantages of smaller components, better control, and transient response.
1. Layer 2 switches break up large collision domains into smaller ones by making each switch port its own collision domain, allowing a more efficient Ethernet LAN network than with hubs.
2. Bridges and switches learn MAC addresses and their associated ports by reading the source MAC address of each received frame and recording the port on which the MAC address was received.
3. The Spanning Tree Protocol provides a loop-free redundant network topology by placing certain switch ports in the blocking state and identifying one switch as the root bridge using BPDUs.
IOT BASED UNATTAINED TAMPER PROOF DIGITAL ENERGY METERIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an IOT-based tamper-proof digital energy meter project. The key points are:
1) An electronic energy meter generates pulses based on energy consumption which are converted to digital data and sent to a smartphone via an Arduino board and WiFi module.
2) The energy meter is mounted on an electric pole out of reach of users to prevent tampering. Users can check their energy usage via a smartphone app instead of a physical meter.
3) The system aims to prevent energy theft by making the meter readings unalterable and accessible remotely through an IOT network instead of installing a meter at user premises.
The document discusses India's power grid network and the transition to a smart grid system. It provides information on:
- India's existing regional power grids and their interconnections.
- The definition and key characteristics of a smart grid, including its use of digital technology, smart meters, and two-way communication.
- The advantages of a smart grid like enabling renewable energy integration, demand response programs, and modernizing transmission and distribution systems.
CIEC16_PPT_Iot Based Smart Solar MonitoringSOHAM ADHYA
This document discusses using the Internet of Things (IoT) for remote monitoring and control of solar photovoltaic power plants. It describes the key components of solar PV plants, the goals of monitoring them, and parameters that can be tracked. These include voltages, currents, power output, radiation levels, and temperatures. The document proposes using sensors connected over IoT to monitor these factors, store the data in databases, and provide web-based access to the information. This would allow remote monitoring, maintenance scheduling, output analysis, and fault detection for solar farms.
The document discusses using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) installed with power meters to minimize power theft. PLCs connected to power meters via an optical fiber network can remotely monitor and control power usage. If payments are delinquent, power companies can stop supply from the networked meters. Installing PLC-enabled meters high on poles separates the measurement and display functions, preventing tampering while still allowing users to check usage.
Smart Grid
Why do we need Smart Grid?
What is Smart Grid?
Smart Grid conceptual model
Wide Area Monitoring systems
What is WAMs
WAMS Architecture
Applications of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
Concluding Remarks
As the world’s electricity systems face a number of challenges
such as
New dynamics of future demand and supply
Ageing infrastructure
Complex interconnected grids
Integration of large number of renewable generation sources
Need to lower carbon emissions
New type of loads such as Electric Vehicles
This document provides an overview of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) for smart grids. It begins with outlining the challenges faced by today's electric grids, such as peak demand, power theft, lack of visibility, and aging infrastructure. It then presents the conceptual model of a smart grid, including bidirectional power and information flows. Key components of AMI are described, including smart meters, smart appliances, and various communication technologies. The role of AMI in enabling applications like bulk meter reading, demand response, and outage notification is explained. Finally, the document discusses a smart grid pilot project in Puducherry, India and lists relevant resources and companies in the field.
The document provides an introduction to smart grids. It discusses how smart grids enable two-way communication between utilities and customers as well as integration of renewable energy sources. Key components of smart grids include smart meters, phasor measurement units, distributed generation, and information transfers. Smart grids provide benefits like improved efficiency, reliability, and support for renewable energy while also posing challenges around security and complex rate systems. India has several smart grid pilot projects underway to modernize its electrical infrastructure.
The document discusses smart grids as a modernization of existing power systems. It describes smart grids as using information technology and communication networks to create a more decentralized, efficient and renewable-based electric grid. Some key benefits of smart grids include improved energy efficiency, higher power reliability, lower costs for consumers, and better integration of renewable energy sources. However, smart grids also face challenges such as high installation costs and potential cybersecurity and privacy issues. The document provides an overview of smart grid components and technologies as well as examples of smart grid pilot projects being implemented in India.
This document discusses smart meters, which are digital meters being installed in homes across the UK to remotely measure electricity and gas usage. Smart meters send readings automatically to energy providers every 30 minutes via a dedicated wireless network. Homeowners receive two smart meters - one for gas and one for electricity - as well as an in-home display screen showing energy consumption and costs in real-time. The screen is powered by the electric mains and costs less than £1 per year to operate. Smart meters provide more accurate readings compared to traditional analog meters and allow energy usage and costs to be monitored remotely.
This document describes a smart energy meter that uses a GSM module to send electricity consumption data via SMS. The meter uses an AD7751 IC to measure real power consumption based on current and voltage inputs. An AVR microcontroller then processes this data and calculates energy used. It can send meter readings, billing information, and load details to the user's mobile phone upon request via a missed call to provide real-time monitoring. The smart meter allows for accurate and automated energy monitoring and billing compared to traditional meters.
RF energy harvesting involves capturing wireless signals like Wi-Fi and converting them into usable electrical energy. It consists of an antenna that receives RF signals, rectification circuits that convert AC to DC, energy storage components like capacitors, and power management circuitry that regulates voltage and current delivery. RF energy harvesting shows potential to power wireless devices without batteries and supports growing applications in sensor networks and IoT. Ongoing research aims to improve efficiency, allow multi-band harvesting, further miniaturize components, and integrate the technology into more devices.
This document presents a design for an IoT-based smart energy meter. Key features include:
1) The energy meter measures energy consumption and transmits readings to a cloud platform via an Arduino, ESP8266 WiFi module, and ThingSpeak. This allows for automatic remote meter reading and billing.
2) Additional features include consumption thresholds that trigger alerts and automatic power cuts, helping users monitor and reduce energy usage.
3) The smart meter is intended to address issues with traditional meters like manual readings prone to errors, lack of remote monitoring, and inability to detect transmission line faults.
This document discusses issues related to interconnecting microgrids. It describes how a DC microgrid system utilizes a DC bus to distribute power from photovoltaic units and battery storage to local households. Interconnection can be done directly through switchgear or power electronic interfaces. Key issues that can arise include voltage and frequency fluctuations that occur due to imbalance between supply and demand, power factor correction needs, and harmonics produced by some loads. Unintentional islanding is also a safety concern that must be addressed when connecting microgrids to the main power grid.
This document discusses advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). It defines AMI as a system that allows for two-way communication between utilities and smart meters, enabling near real-time collection and transfer of energy usage data. The key components of an AMI system include smart meters, communications infrastructure, home area networks, a meter data management system, and operational gateways. While costly to implement, AMI provides benefits like improved reliability, lower energy costs, and reduced electricity theft. The document also examines AMI in the context of India's power grid and estimates costs associated with deployment.
An energy meter measures the amount of electrical energy consumed over time using kilowatt-hours. There are two main types: electro-mechanical and electronic. Electro-mechanical meters use a rotating disc to measure usage, but have errors, while electronic meters use digital circuits for more accurate and tamper-resistant readings. Future meters will have remote reading capabilities and allow time-of-day pricing to encourage off-peak usage. Meters are tested using specialized equipment and procedures to check for accuracy and compliance. Tampering methods can be detected by modern meters' sensors and digital components.
Wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) are essentially based on the new data acquisition technology of phasor measurement and allow monitoring transmission system conditions over large areas in view of detecting and further counteracting grid instabilities.
This PPT provides the contents related to the Smart Grid Introduction. It is created for catering the Unit I contents of the AU course EE8019 - Smart Grid
The document describes a proposed automatic energy meter reading and billing system using GSM technology. The system would replace manual meter reading by having energy meters transmit readings to a central system via GSM modules. This would allow remote access and monitoring of usage without site visits. The system architecture includes microcontrollers, LCD displays, relays, GSM modules, and other hardware. It would provide benefits like reduced costs, time savings from manual reading, and more accurate billing.
This document presents an overview of reactive power compensation. It defines reactive power compensation as managing reactive power to improve AC system performance. There are two main aspects: load compensation to increase power factor and voltage regulation, and voltage support to decrease voltage fluctuations. Several methods of reactive power compensation are discussed, including shunt compensation using capacitors and reactors, series compensation, static VAR compensators (SVCs), static compensators (STATCOMs), and synchronous condensers. SVC and STATCOM technologies are compared, with STATCOMs having advantages of smaller components, better control, and transient response.
1. Layer 2 switches break up large collision domains into smaller ones by making each switch port its own collision domain, allowing a more efficient Ethernet LAN network than with hubs.
2. Bridges and switches learn MAC addresses and their associated ports by reading the source MAC address of each received frame and recording the port on which the MAC address was received.
3. The Spanning Tree Protocol provides a loop-free redundant network topology by placing certain switch ports in the blocking state and identifying one switch as the root bridge using BPDUs.
IOT BASED UNATTAINED TAMPER PROOF DIGITAL ENERGY METERIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an IOT-based tamper-proof digital energy meter project. The key points are:
1) An electronic energy meter generates pulses based on energy consumption which are converted to digital data and sent to a smartphone via an Arduino board and WiFi module.
2) The energy meter is mounted on an electric pole out of reach of users to prevent tampering. Users can check their energy usage via a smartphone app instead of a physical meter.
3) The system aims to prevent energy theft by making the meter readings unalterable and accessible remotely through an IOT network instead of installing a meter at user premises.
IRJET - IoT based Energy Monitoring System for Energy ConservationIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a low-cost IoT energy monitoring system. Sensors are used to measure environmental data like temperature, humidity, and motion. An energy monitoring solution integrates with these sensors. The system uses a PZEM-004T energy meter, CT sensors, an SD3004 chip, and ESP8266 microcontroller to measure voltage, current, power consumption, and more. This data is sent via MQTT to a Raspberry Pi server. The system provides energy monitoring for applications like billing, smart grids, and home automation in a low-cost way. It concludes the system successfully monitors energy metrics and sends data to servers for analysis and management.
Building the smart grid means integration of advanced information, communication and networking
technologies in the traditional electric grid to make it smarter and faster in making decisions. IoT platform
provides very high redundancy, virtually unlimited data storage and worldwide data access. Through the IoT,
consumers, manufacturers and utility providers will uncover new ways to manage devices and ultimately conserve
resources and save money by using smart meters, home gateways and connected appliances. In this paper, we
propose an architecture for monitoring power in smart grid applications using wireless sensor network (WSN)
technology embedded in an Internet of Things platform (IoT). The advantages of the proposed architecture are: 1)
it ensures privacy and provides secure access to data; 2) it enables users, service providers and application
developers to interact with the platform through user interfaces.
This document describes a smart energy meter system that uses IoT technology. The system uses current and voltage sensors connected to a microcontroller to accurately measure electricity consumption. It can detect attempts to bypass or tamper with the meter. Any discrepancies in readings are reported via GSM. The system allows customers remote access to their meter for recharging credits and monitoring usage. It aims to address issues with traditional metering like human errors in reading meters.
Instant Access of Power Usage through IP Enabled Electronic Power MeterIJERD Editor
Nowadays Electrical Energy is a vital resource for human being for their day to day activities. It is
very important to know the usage of electricity to regulate the consumption. The power usage is a very
important criterion in places like domestic purpose, industries, public places, etc. At the end of every month as
soon as the electricity bill arrives we may be surprised because of over usage, we may get more bill amount and
in turn electrical board may demand us pay more ASD (Advanced security deposit). To overcome this problem
we propose the new idea of enabling the digital meters to send the instant power usage statistics through
Internet. It is very important to know about the basic knowledge of what is electricity meter, how to measure the
amount of electrical energy (in watt hour [Wh] units), and power consumption by house hold equipments or
devices. We should also know the tariff of the Electrical board for each unit in various domains. By using all
these data we can provide an effective regulation of power usage and in turn which leads to expected electrical
bill amount. This paper gives a new approach towards instant access of power usage details through IP enabled
electronic meter to minimize or reduce the day to day electrical power consumption.
IRJET-Simulation of Smart Meter Using Proteus software for Smart GridIRJET Journal
This document describes a simulation of a smart meter using Proteus software for a smart grid system. It involves designing a Zigbee-based smart power meter that can read power consumption and communicate data wirelessly to a utility server. The smart meter implementation uses an ARM cortex M4 microcontroller to monitor power usage and transmit consumption details via Zigbee modules. The simulation is done using Embedded C in Proteus along with a CCS compiler. Key aspects covered include the system design, Zigbee technology, tarang communication modules, the smart meter operation flowchart, components like relays and transformers, and benefits of smart grids and smart metering.
Simulation of Smart Meter Using Proteus software for Smart GridIRJET Journal
This document discusses the simulation of a smart meter using Proteus software for a smart grid. It describes using a Zigbee wireless communication network with an ARM cortex M4 microcontroller to monitor power consumption in a home and transmit that data to a utility server. The smart meter can measure voltage, current, power usage, set a monthly budget, and send billing information via SMS. It aims to automate meter reading and billing to reduce errors and labor costs compared to traditional meters. The document outlines the methodology, including using the microcontroller to transmit power usage data via Zigbee to a receiver unit and utility for monitoring and billing.
IRJET - IoT based Smart Monitoring in Distribution SystemIRJET Journal
This document proposes an IoT-based smart monitoring system for electricity distribution. The system uses an ESP32 module connected to a smart energy meter to monitor electricity consumption. Current and voltage data are sent to the cloud for real-time viewing by the consumer and provider. It also detects power theft using a current sensor. The system aims to reduce human errors, enable remote monitoring and control of supply, and detect unauthorized electricity usage.
A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Neural Network Techniques Used for Smart...ssuser793b4e
The recent developments in computational science and smart metering have led to a gradual replacement of the traditional load forecasting methods by artificial intelligent (AI) technology. The smart meters for residential buildings have become available on the market, and since then, various studies on load forecasting have been published. Contingency planning, load shedding, management strategies and commercialization strategies are all influenced by load forecasts. Predicting a lower load than the actual load results in utilities not committing the necessary generation units and therefore incurring higher costs due to the use of peak power plants; on the other hand, predicting a higher load than actual will result in higher costs because unnecessary baseline units are stated and not used . Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) provide an accurate approach to the problem of energy forecasting and have the advantage of not requiring the user to have a clear, understanding of the underlying mathematical relationship between input and output. The aim of this work is to a carry-out Comprehensive Review of Artificial Neural Network Techniques Used for Smart Meter-Embedded forecasting System.
IRJET- Iot Based Smart Energy MonitoringIRJET Journal
This document describes an IOT-based smart energy monitoring system that uses an Arduino microcontroller and ESP8266 WiFi module. The system measures energy consumption in watts using a current sensor and displays the readings on an LCD screen and online via a webpage. It allows users to remotely monitor energy usage in real-time. If energy usage exceeds a threshold, the system can detect theft. The system aims to automate meter readings, optimize energy usage, and reduce wastage by providing usage data to consumers.
This document discusses smart grids, which use information and communication technologies to improve the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of electricity production and distribution. It defines smart grids and outlines their key components, including intelligent appliances, smart meters, smart substations, superconducting cables, integrated communications, and phasor measurement units. The document also explores the role of IoT in smart grids and the benefits of smart grids like better energy management, demand response, power quality, reduced emissions, and facilitating renewable energy integration.
An IOT based smart metering development for energy management systemIJECEIAES
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IoT Based Smart Energy Meter using Raspberry Pi and Arduino
1. Internet of Things (COS7039-B)
IoT Based Smart Energy
Meter
Author: Bilal Amjad
UoB # 19014392
Programme: Smart Grids and Energy Systems
Faculty: Faculty of Engineering and Informatics
Date submitted: 13th
December 2019
2. Table of Contents
Abstract........................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 5
1.1 Smart energy meter .......................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Internet of Things............................................................................................................. 5
1.3 The smart grid .................................................................................................................. 5
1.4 Problem statement............................................................................................................ 6
2 Literature review..................................................................................................................... 7
3 Design and methodology ........................................................................................................ 8
3.1 Components and hardware............................................................................................... 8
3.2 Hardware Implementation................................................................................................ 8
3.3 Measurement of electrical parameters: ............................................................................ 9
3.3.1 Tariff measurements: .............................................................................................. 10
3.4 Online platform:............................................................................................................. 10
3.5 Text massage alerts and updates: ................................................................................... 10
4 Results and discussion .......................................................................................................... 11
4.1 Dashboard of energy monitoring system ....................................................................... 11
4.1.1 Mobile Application................................................................................................. 12
5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 13
6 Future work........................................................................................................................... 13
7 References............................................................................................................................. 14
Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 15
Appendix A............................................................................................................................... 15
Appendix B............................................................................................................................... 18
3. List of Figures
Figure 1: IoT technology [3]........................................................................................................... 5
Figure 2:PZEM-004T Version 3.0 [11] .......................................................................................... 8
Figure 3: PZEM-004T diagram [11]............................................................................................... 8
Figure 4: Arduino connection with PZEM-004T [11].................................................................... 9
Figure 5:Circuit diagram of smart energy meter............................................................................. 9
Figure 6(a & b): The dashboard of energy monitoring system..................................................... 11
Figure 7: Energy consumption profile on mobile application ..................................................... 12
List of Tables
Table 1: Units of electrical parameters for PZEM-00T................................................................ 10
4. Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used in industries and businesses like, smart cites, smart grids,
automotive industries, logistics and healthcare. In Electric Power and Energy Systems (EPESs),
smart grids techniques are being implementing to meet the energy demands, improve the energy
efficiency, and reduce energy loses by implementing latest sensing and communication
technologies. In several developed countries, automatic meter reading (AMR), advanced metering
infrastructure (AMI) or smart energy meter with instantaneous energy information report have
been applied at the domestic level. This project, design and implement a low-cost IoT energy
monitoring system (smart energy meter) for real time monitoring of all electrical parameters i.e.
AC voltage, AC current, active power, total energy consumption, power factor, frequency, and
tariff. The design is based on a low-cost PZEM-004T, using non-invasive Current Transformer
(CT) sensors, Arduino and Raspberry pi. Electrical measurements are done by PZEM-004T and
CT sensors through Arduino. Raspberry pi communicates with Arduino through serial
communication to retrieve these sensor’s data and send it to server via internet. As a result, the
developed energy monitoring system can successfully record the voltage, current, active power,
power factor, frequency, accumulative power consumption and tariff. Consumers will be able to
see their electricity usage and the tariff according to the energy usage in real-time through web
and mobile application. In case of any fault e.g. short circuit or power supply cut off, the consumer
will receive a text massage on his mobile number. Moreover, consumer will be able to receive the
tariff on weekly or monthly basis.
5. 1 Introduction
1.1 Smart energy meter
The smart energy meter is a wireless energy monitoring system containing an energy meter with a
communication network topology to efficiently send data from the meters to a server or
coordinator and a cloud platform to visualize the data in actual [1].
1.2 Internet of Things
Internet of Thigs (IoT) is a new architype in communications technology now a days. IoT
concept that is "anything, anywhere, anytime" inspires the development of communication
technology. IoT framework has three elementary concepts, things oriented, internet oriented,
and semantic oriented [2].
Figure 1: IoT technology [3]
1.3 The smart grid
The smart grid term is very widely used in EPES. Smart grid encompasses the entire energy
conversion, transmission, distribution, and utilization cycle. It consists of advance actuators,
sensors, communication infrastructure, IT systems, advanced monitoring, control and decision-
making applications. There are multiple objectives to develop and deploy Smart Grid technologies.
The key objectives are [4]:
• To improve efficiency and economy in electrical conversion, transmission, distribution,
storage and utilization
• To enhance security and safety in system operation by increasing the observability and
controllability of the power grid
• To improve the reliability and availability of the electric supply to customers
• To enable and promote the integration and utilization of renewable and sustainable energies
• To maintain and improve the quality of power delivery to increase the shares of digital
loads
6. 1.4 Problem statement
As IoT is implementing in every business and industry, Electric Power and Energy System (EPES)
is also digitalising by integrating latest IoT, communication, computing and control technologies
to make it smart. In EPES, measuring the energy consumption at consumer level is very important
and useful. Electric companies always try to keep balance between electric supply, and it demand.
By knowing the demand of electricity, the electric companies can forecast the load demand and
can take decisions for future. Here comes the term, smart energy meter. Smart energy meter can
help to simultaneous communicate between the consumer and the grid, rise the capacity of the
electricity system of integrated services, meet the demand of energy and increase quality of service
by promptly detecting the fault when it occurs. Each consumer can always monitor the status of
their homes and avoid theft [5].
7. 2 Literature review
Several studies have proposed the design of smart energy meter. In [6] [7], their strategy were
based on GSM network and employed database management to deliver energy usages data for
their customs. In [12], ZigBees mutual with GSM based was anticipated, in such system the energy
metering nodes use the ZigBees, interconnect with the central node and send information to central
computer via GSM. K Chooruang and K Meekul developed an IoT low-cost energy monitoring
system that use Wi-Fi, and MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol. The system
contains the Peacefair PZEM -004T sensor, a CT (current transformer) sensor and Raspberry pi 3
model B. It can send comprehensive measurement of energy usage and the patterns of energy
consumption [8].
B. K. Barman et al proposed smart energy meter controls and computes the energy consumption using
ESP 8266 12E, a Wi-Fi module and uploads it to the cloud from where the customer or supplier can
view the electric energy consumption. Consequently, energy analyzation by the consumer turn out to
be much easier and governable. This system also helps in sensing power theft [9].
8. 3 Design and methodology
The project is divided in two parts, measuring electrical parameters and sending data to online
platform. First, electrical parameters of the systems will be measured and then theses parameters
will be sent over the server.
3.1 Components and hardware
The main components are:
• PZEM-004T and CT
• Arduino
• Raspberry pi 3 Model B
• Connecting wires
• Thinkspeak (online platform IoT)
• Nexmo (for sending text massages)
3.2 Hardware Implementation
The PZEM-004T measures RMS voltage, RMS current and calculates active power and total
energy usage over time or accumulative power consumption. It has very good measurement
accuracy. Figure 2 and 3 show the PZEM-004T module and circuit diagram, respectively. and
datasheet is available here [10].
Figure 2:PZEM-004T Version 3.0 [11]
Figure 3: PZEM-004T diagram [11]
The figure 4 show the connection configuration of PZEM-004T module with Arduino. GND and
5V points of module relate to GND and 5V pins of Arduino, and TX and RX points of module
relate to 9 and 10 pins of Arduino.
9. Figure 4: Arduino connection with PZEM-004T [11]
Now the Arduino is coroneted with Raspberry pi through USB cable. Raspberry pi receive data
from Arduino by serial communication and send it to server. Figure 5 shows the complete circuit
diagram of smart energy meter. The code for Arduino and Raspberry pi is attached in appendix B
and C, respectively.
Figure 5:Circuit diagram of smart energy meter
3.3 Measurement of electrical parameters:
PZEM-004T (v3.0) module is responsible for measuring all electrical parameters. The module
does TTL communication to transmitting or receiving data. Still, there is no library of this
module available for Raspberry pi in python language, but its library is available for Arduino.
10. Arduino use PZEM-004Tv30.h library [10] to communicate with the module through TX and
RX pins and the Arduino code is added in to the appendix A. The table 1 shows the units used
for measurement of all parameters.
Table 1: Units of electrical parameters for PZEM-00T
Sr. No. Parameter Unit
1. Voltage volt (V)
2. Current ampere (A)
3. Power Watt (W)
4. Energy kilo watt hour (kWh)
5. Frequency Hertz (Hz)
6. Power Factor No unit
3.3.1 Tariff measurements:
Currently, in Bradford region the price of electric energy per kilo watt hour is 13.92. So, tariff can
be calculated by multiplying total energy consumption with 13.92.
3.4 Online platform:
ThingSpeak platform is used here for real time monitoring. It is a free online IoT platform, very
easy to understand and interface with Raspberry pi. Every user has its own channel ID and API
key. The Raspberry pi receives the data from Arduino and sent over the server to thingspeak
dashboard every second (for Raspberry pi python code, refer to appendix B).
3.5 Text massage alerts and updates:
Nexmo service is used for sending text massages to the user. Here for this project, user will be able
to receive two types of text massages. One is about tariff updates; the consumer will receive the
update of tariff on weekly or monthly bases. Second type is alerts massage; if the module gets the
voltage value zero, it means there is any fault or power supply cut off. In such case the consumer
will receive the alert massage “Supply Disconnected!!!”.
11. 4 Results and discussion
This section will explain the results from smart energy meter. As the meter is connected at main
electric supply unit, so the dashboard will show the electric consumption of whole building or
home.
4.1 Dashboard of energy monitoring system
Figure 6 (a and b) shows the user-interface console. It is created on Thingspeak. It comprises of
the measures that show the current tariff, total energy consumption, Power Factor, AC voltage,
AC current and power. The charts characterize the measured energy information with respect to
time. The system send data every second throughout the day and data can be shown concurrently
on the console.
(a)
(b)
Figure 6(a & b): The dashboard of energy monitoring system
12. 4.1.1 Mobile Application
In Figure 7, the energy patterns on android mobile application. The thingspeak application is
available in google app store. Afte installing the application user will login by his channel ID to
see the dashboard.
Figure 7: Energy consumption profile on mobile application
13. 5 Conclusion
The presented smart energy meter is wireless meter reading system that can display and
investigate the information at every interval giving precise outcomes with fewer mistake. This
smart system can be useful for energy management, power saving from power section,
automatic control of energy meter, to make consumer monitor their energy usage pattern and
power theft detection. Sometime the system takes time to upload the data depending on the
internet speed and module baud rate. The IoT idea can also be applied in numerous working
situation such as home automation, automatic water level detector and traffic control system
etc.
6 Future work
Number of improvements can be done in future in term of
• Integrating home automation with smart energy meter dashboard to control electric loads
• Process data for short-term load forecasting and real time decision making.
14. 7 References
[1] S. Yasir, C. Noel, H. R. Mubashir and C. Rebecca, “Internet of Things-aided Smart Grid:
Technologies, Architectures, Applications, Prototypes, and Future Research Directions,”
IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 62962 - 63003, 2019.
[2] L. Atzori, A. Iera and GiacomoMorabito, “The Internet of Things: A survey,” Comuputer
Networks, vol. 15, no. 54, pp. 2787-2805, 2010.
[3] M. Yun and B. Yuxin, “Research on the Architecture and Key Technology of Internet of
Things (loT) Applied on Smart grid,” International Conference on Advances in Energy
Engineering, pp. 69-72, 2010.
[4] L. T. Berger and K. Iniewski, Smart Grid Applications, Communications and Security, New
Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2012.
[5] A. C. Swastika, R. Pramudita and R. Hakimi, “IoT-based Smart Grid System Design for
Smart Home,” International Conference on Wireless and Telematics, pp. 49-53, 2017.
[6] H. G. R. Tan, C. H. Lee and V. H. Mok, “Automatic power meter reading system using GSM
network,” International Power Engineering Conference, pp. 465-469, 2017.
[7] M. Wasi-ur-Rahman, M. T. Rahman, T. H. Khan and S. M. L. Kabir, “Design of an
intelligent SMS based remote metering system,” International Conference on Information
and Automation, pp. 1040-1043, 2009.
[8] K. Chooruang and K. Meekul, “Design of an IoT Energy Monitoring System,” International
Conference on ICT and Knowledge Engineering, 2018.
[9] B. K. Barman, S. N. Yadav, S. Kumar and S. Gope, “IOT Based Smart Energy Meter for
Efficient Energy Utilization in Smart Grid,” IEEE journal, 2018.
[10] J. Mandula, “Interface library for the upgraded version of PZEM-004T v3.0,” Get Hub, 2019.
[Online]. Available: https://github.com/olehs/PZEM004T. [Accessed 28 11 2019].
[11] [Online]. Available: https://www.innovatorsguru.com/pzem-004t-v3/. [Accessed 09 12
2019].
15. Appendices
Appendix A
The PZEM-00T library is available on Get Hub [10].
Arduino code:
//* Code to get the voltage, current and power from two AC PZEM
sensors connected to the Arduino Mega microcontroller, then all the
values *//
// are concatenated in one char variable in order to send it through
serial communication
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <PZEM004Tv30.h>
//#include <PZEM004T.h>
PZEM004Tv30 pzem(11, 12); //Rx,Tx pin of arduino
// IPAddress ip(192,168,1,11);
// IPAddress ip1(192,168,1,10);
char Vx[10];
char Ix[10];
char Px[10];
char Ex[10];
char Fx[10];
char PFx[10];
char conc[360];
float V; //Voltage
float I; //Current
float P; //Power
float E; //Energy
float F; //Frequency
float PF;//Power Factor
void setup() {
Serial.begin (9600);
}
void loop() {
float voltage = pzem.voltage();
if( !isnan(voltage) ){
17. } else {
PF=0;
//Serial.println("Error reading power factor");
}
//PZEM004T pzem(10,11); //(RX TX)
//pzem.setAddress (ip);
//V=pzem.voltage(ip); //voltage obtained from the pzem library
//i = pzem.current(ip); //current obtained from the pzem library
//p = pzem.power(ip);//power obtained from the pzem library
dtostrf(V,7,3,Vx); //function used to stored the voltage value in the
char variable ix, specifying 3 as the number of digits after the point
dtostrf(I,7,3,Ix); //function used to stored the current value in the
char variable iy, specifying 3 as the number of digits after the point
dtostrf(P,7,3,Px); //function used to stored the power value in the
char variable iz, specifying 3 as the number of digits after the point
dtostrf(E,7,3,Ex); //function used to stored the total energy value
in the char variable ix, specifying 3 as the number of digits after
the point
dtostrf(F,7,3,Fx); //function used to stored the frequency value in
the char variable ix, specifying 3 as the number of digits after the
point
dtostrf(PF,7,2,PFx); //function used to stored the power factor value
in the char variable ix, specifying 1 as the number of digits after
the point
delay(1000);
sprintf(conc,": %s, : %s, : %s, : %s, : %s, : %s,n", Vx, Ix, Px, Ex,
Fx, PFx); // function used to concatenate all the values in one unique
char variable
Serial.write(conc);
}
18. Appendix B
Raspberry pi python code:
import serial
import time
import re
import thingspeak
import urllib.request
import datetime
import nexmo
start_time = time.time()
chid = 935217
tskey = "TYILB5PXIGBNYSGW"
tsurl =
"https://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=TYILB5PXIGBNYSGW&field1=0"
ts = thingspeak.Channel(chid, tsurl, tskey)
print("System is getting ready!!!")
time.sleep(3)
port = "/dev/ttyACM0"
s1 = serial.Serial(port,9600)
def bill_sms():
client = nexmo.Client(key='17e0c2af', secret='eo8eHPkUh4yS9UtR')
client.send_message({'from': 'Nexmo','to': '+447749532518','text':
' Your Electricity Bill is: '+str(Tariff) +"£"})
print("bill sent")
def sms_alert():
client = nexmo.Client(key='17e0c2af', secret='eo8eHPkUh4yS9UtR')
client.send_message({'from': 'Nexmo','to': '+447749532518','text':
' Supply Disconnected!!! '})
def readData():
global Voltage
global Current
global Power
global Energy
global Frequency
global Power_Factor
global Tariff
V = m.group(1).replace(" ","") ## command used to saved the
information splitted before in a the variable
I = m.group(2).replace(" ","")
P = m.group(3).replace(" ","")
E = m.group(4).replace(" ","")
19. F = m.group(5).replace(" ","")
PF = m.group(6).replace(" ","")
Voltage = float(V)
Current = float(I)
Power = float(P)
Energy = float(E)
Frequency = float(F)
Power_Factor = float(PF)
Tariff = Energy*13.94
print("n","----Smart Energy Meter----n")
print(" Voltage:",+Voltage,"V")
print(" Current:",+Current,"A")
print(" Power:",+Power,"W")
print(" Energy:",+Energy,"kWh")
print(" Frequency:",+Frequency,"Hz")
print(" Power Factor",+Power_Factor)
print(" Tariff:",round(Tariff, 2),"£")
#else:
# print("Waiting")
# time.sleep(3)
def sendDataTs():
data = {"field1": Voltage,
"field2": Current,
"field3": Power,
"field4": Energy,
"field5": Frequency,
"field6": Power_Factor,
"field7": Tariff,
}
Ts = urllib.request.urlopen(tsurl +
'&field1=%s&field2=%s&field3=%s&field4=%s&field5=%s&field6=%s&field7=%
s' % (Voltage,Current,Power,Energy,Frequency,Power_Factor,Tariff ))
#print ("Data sent for 6 fields: ", Voltage, Current, Power,
Energy, Frequency, Power_Factor)
while True:
if s1.inWaiting()>0:
inputValue = s1.readline().decode()
#x = "None"
if inputValue:
m =
re.search('.*:(.*),.*:(.*),.*:(.*),.*:(.*),.*:(.*),.*:(.*),',inputValu
e) # command used to read the information and split it between the
charcaters ':' and ','
if m: