A server is a specialized computer that manages resources and provides services to other computers over a network. There are several typical types of servers including web servers, file servers, database servers, and mail servers. Servers provide advantages like efficient resource management, improved security, hosting applications and websites, backup processes, and centralized storage and file sharing. Key components of a server include processors, storage devices, memory, network interfaces, power supplies, cooling systems, and server management software. Common RAID levels for storage devices include RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, and 10, each offering different balances of performance, redundancy, and capacity.

1. HASANKA WIJESINGHE
INTRODUCTION
TO SERVERS
MIT, B.Sc

2. Contents What is a server?
1
Advantages of server
2
Main components of a server
4
Typical types of server
3

3. A specialized computer or
software that manages network
resources and provides services to
other computers (clients) in the
network
What is a Server?

4. Typical types of server
Mail Servers
Web Servers
File Servers
Database Servers
Application Servers

5. Web Servers
A type of server that is
use to host a website
available through
internet is called web
server. The web server
run specialized
software that enables
them host website.
Typical types of server

6. File Servers
File server store and
management files for
network user. On
corporate network
employs are provided
with space on a file
server to store files.
Typical types of server

7. Database
Servers
A type of server that
manage the database
of an organization is
called database server.
It is dedicated to
database storage,
queries and retrieval
etc.
Typical types of server

8. Mail Server
A type of server that
handles a large
volume of incoming,
out going and internal
e-mails is called E-mail
server. It remains
connected to the
internet. It may be
located at any place in
the world.
Typical types of server

9. Advantages of Server
• Efficient resource management and network
management
• Improve security
• Web and application hosting
• Support automated backup processes
• Provide email and communication services
• Provide centralized storage and file sharing
• Cost efficiency

10. Key Components of
Server
Processor (CPU)
Operating System
Storage Devices
Network Interface
Card (NIC)
Power Supply
Unit (PSU)
Cooling System
Memory (RAM)
Server Management
Software

11. Processor (CPU) • Brain of the server
• Characteristics of server CPU
⚬ Multiple cores
⚬ Larger cache
⚬ Error-correction
⚬ Security features
⚬ Higher clock speed
• When choosing CPU need to
consider about
⚬ Workload
⚬ Number of users
⚬ Budget

12. Memory (RAM)
• Determine overall
performance and efficiency
• Key consideration
⚬ Capacity (16GB - 64GB)
⚬ Speed (2666MHz -
3200MHZ)
⚬ Error Correction

13. Operating System
• Consider your server's
purpose
• Ease of use
• Cost
• Security and stability
• Scalability
• Compatibility

14. Network Interface
Card (NIC)

15. Power Supply
Unit (PSU)

16. Cooling System

17. Server Management
Software
• Performance Monitoring
• Provisioning and
configuration
• Patch Management
• Backup and Restore
• Manage Security

18. Storage Devices

19. • The RAID controller (Redundant
Array of Independent Disks) is a
hardware or software component
that manages the configuration and
operation of a RAID array.
• RAID is a storage technology that
combines multiple physical disk
drives into a single logical unit for
data redundancy, performance
improvement, or both.
• RAID levels
RAID Controller
⚬ RAID 0
⚬ RAID 1
⚬ RAID 2
⚬ RAID 3
⚬ RAID 4
⚬ RAID 5
⚬ RAID 6
⚬ RAID 10
⚬ RAID 50

20. RAID 0
(Striping)
• Data is split across
multiple disks
• Improves read
performance
• No fault tolerance
• Ideal for temporary
storage or
applications where
speed is critical

21. RAID 1
(Mirroring)
• Creates an exact copy
of data on separate
disks
• Offers complete data
redundancy
• Reduces usable
storage capacity
• Ideal for critical data
that requires high
availability and
security

22. RAID 5
(Striping + Parity) • Distributes data
across multiple disks
and stores parity
information
• Offers good balance
between
performance and
redundancy
• Write performance
can be slower
• Well-suited for
general-purpose
storage

23. RAID 6
(Striping + Double Parity) • Similar to RAID 5 but
uses two sets of parity
information
• Higher data
protection compared
to RAID 5
• Lower storage and
slower performance
• Ideal for mission-
critical applications
that require high data
availability and
security

24. RAID 10
(Striping + Mirroring)
• Combination of RAID
1 and RAID 0
• Excellent
performance and
high data availability
• Reduces usable
storage by half
• Ideal for applications
requiring both high
performance and
data protection

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