Introduction to Cryptography
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A short introduction to cryptography. What is public and private key cryptography? What is a Caesar Cipher and how do we decrypt it? How does RSA work?
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Public key cryptography uses two keys - a public key that can be shared openly and a private key that is kept secret. The RSA algorithm, invented in 1977, is the most widely used public key cryptosystem. It uses a public and private key pair generated from two large prime numbers. The public key is used to encrypt messages, while the private key is used to decrypt messages. The security of RSA relies on the difficulty of factoring the product of the two primes.
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Rsa
traditional private/secret/single key cryptography uses one key
Key is shared by both sender and receiver
if the key is disclosed communications are compromised
also known as symmetric, both parties are equal
hence does not protect sender from receiver forging a message & claiming is sent by sender
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Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
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“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...Edge AI and Vision Alliance
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
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GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
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Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
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Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
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During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
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• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
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Introduction to Cryptography
- 1. Introduction to Cryptography by Petre POPESCU
- 2. What is cryptography? "the art of hiding information" OR "the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties" (wikipedia)
- 3. Modern Cryptography a branch of mathematics and computer science
- 4. Modern Cryptography 2 main branches 1. Private Key Cryptography 2. Public Key Cryptography
- 5. Private Key Cryptography The same key is used for both encryption and decryption
- 6. Private Key Cryptography Examples: - DES - AES - Caesar Cipher - Blowfish
- 7. Caesar Cipher Named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private and military correspondence.
- 8. Caesar Cipher It is a substitution cipher Each letter is replaced by another letter depending on a "shift" value
- 10. Cracking Caesar Cipher (assuming we know Caesar Cipher is used) 1. Brute Force Attack 2. Word-pattern and letter distribution attack
- 11. Brute Force Attack Since the number of possible shifts is limited, it is feasible to try each shift and discard the results that are not human readable.
- 12. Word-pattern and letter distribution attack Step 1: Find the average distribution of letter in that language. This can be done with ease by analyzing long texts.
- 13. Word-pattern and letter distribution attack Step 2: A Caesar Cipher usually "shifts" this distribution by the shift used for encryption. An error margin is permitted, so now multiple possibilities are generated.
- 14. Word-pattern and letter distribution attack Step 3: Decrypt the text using the possible shifts that were found in step 2. Use word-pattern analysis (and possibly a dictionary of words) to discover the correct variant
- 15. Public Key Cryptography Two keys are needed: - one for encrypting the message - one for decrypting the message
- 16. Public Key Cryptography Key's properties - neither keys can perform both operations - the two keys are mathematically paired - public key - used for encryption - private key - used for decryption
- 17. Public Key Cryptography Examples: - RSA - YAK - Various elliptic curve techniques
- 18. RSA Created by: Ron Rivest Adi Shamir Leonard Adleman Is based on the presumed difficulty of factoring large integers.
- 19. RSA - Generating the two keys (1) Choose two distinct prime numbers: p and q p and q should have high bit-length p and q should be chosen at random
- 20. RSA - Generating the two keys (2) Compute n = pq n is the "modulus" for both the public and private keys
- 21. RSA - Generating the two keys (3) Compute φ(n) = φ(p)φ(q) = (p − 1)(q − 1)
- 22. RSA - Generating the two keys (4) Choose e such that 1 < e < φ(n) and gcd(e, φ(n)) TIP: e and φ(n) are coprime
- 23. RSA - Generating the two keys "e" is the Public Key Exponent
- 24. RSA - Generating the two keys (5) Compute d where d−1 ≡ e (mod φ(n)) or d is the multiplicative inverse of e (modulo φ(n))
- 25. RSA - Generating the two keys To calculate d solve for d given d*e ≡ 1 (mod φ(n))
- 26. RSA - Generating the two keys Public Key: e and n Private Key: d and n d, p, q and φ(n) must be kept secret