This document provides an introduction and overview of Apache Hadoop. It discusses how Hadoop provides the ability to store and analyze large datasets in the petabyte range across clusters of commodity hardware. It compares Hadoop to other systems like relational databases and HPC and describes how Hadoop uses MapReduce to process data in parallel. The document outlines how companies are using Hadoop for applications like log analysis, machine learning, and powering new data-driven business features and products.
This presentation about Hadoop architecture will help you understand the architecture of Apache Hadoop in detail. In this video, you will learn what is Hadoop, components of Hadoop, what is HDFS, HDFS architecture, Hadoop MapReduce, Hadoop MapReduce example, Hadoop YARN and finally, a demo on MapReduce. Apache Hadoop offers a versatile, adaptable and reliable distributed computing big data framework for a group of systems with capacity limit and local computing power. After watching this video, you will also understand the Hadoop Distributed File System and its features along with the practical implementation.
Below are the topics covered in this Hadoop Architecture presentation:
1. What is Hadoop?
2. Components of Hadoop
3. What is HDFS?
4. HDFS Architecture
5. Hadoop MapReduce
6. Hadoop MapReduce Example
7. Hadoop YARN
8. Demo on MapReduce
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Who should take up this Big Data and Hadoop Certification Training Course?
Big Data career opportunities are on the rise, and Hadoop is quickly becoming a must-know technology for the following professionals:
1. Software Developers and Architects
2. Analytics Professionals
3. Senior IT professionals
4. Testing and Mainframe professionals
5. Data Management Professionals
6. Business Intelligence Professionals
7. Project Managers
8. Aspiring Data Scientists
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
HDFS is a Java-based file system that provides scalable and reliable data storage, and it was designed to span large clusters of commodity servers. HDFS has demonstrated production scalability of up to 200 PB of storage and a single cluster of 4500 servers, supporting close to a billion files and blocks.
Hadoop Training | Hadoop Training For Beginners | Hadoop Architecture | Hadoo...Simplilearn
This presentation about Hadoop training will help you understand the need for Hadoop, what is Hadoop and concepts including Hadoop ecosystem, Hadoop features, how HDFS works, what is MapReduce and how YARN works. Finally, we will implement a banking case study using Hadoop. To solve the issue of rapidly increasing data, we need big data technologies such as Hadoop, Spark, Storm, Cassandra and many more. Hadoop can store and process vast volumes of data. You will understand the architecture of HDFS, MapReduce workflow and the architecture of YARN. In the demo, you will learn in detail on how to export data from RDBMS (MySQL) into HDFS using Sqoop commands. Now, let us get started and gain expertise with Hadoop training video.
Below topics are explained in this Hadoop training presentation:
1. Need for Hadoop
2. What is Hadoop
3. Hadoop ecosystem
4. Hadoop features
5. What is HDFS
6. What is MapReduce
7. What is YARN
8. Bank case study
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
This presentation about Hadoop architecture will help you understand the architecture of Apache Hadoop in detail. In this video, you will learn what is Hadoop, components of Hadoop, what is HDFS, HDFS architecture, Hadoop MapReduce, Hadoop MapReduce example, Hadoop YARN and finally, a demo on MapReduce. Apache Hadoop offers a versatile, adaptable and reliable distributed computing big data framework for a group of systems with capacity limit and local computing power. After watching this video, you will also understand the Hadoop Distributed File System and its features along with the practical implementation.
Below are the topics covered in this Hadoop Architecture presentation:
1. What is Hadoop?
2. Components of Hadoop
3. What is HDFS?
4. HDFS Architecture
5. Hadoop MapReduce
6. Hadoop MapReduce Example
7. Hadoop YARN
8. Demo on MapReduce
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Who should take up this Big Data and Hadoop Certification Training Course?
Big Data career opportunities are on the rise, and Hadoop is quickly becoming a must-know technology for the following professionals:
1. Software Developers and Architects
2. Analytics Professionals
3. Senior IT professionals
4. Testing and Mainframe professionals
5. Data Management Professionals
6. Business Intelligence Professionals
7. Project Managers
8. Aspiring Data Scientists
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
HDFS is a Java-based file system that provides scalable and reliable data storage, and it was designed to span large clusters of commodity servers. HDFS has demonstrated production scalability of up to 200 PB of storage and a single cluster of 4500 servers, supporting close to a billion files and blocks.
Hadoop Training | Hadoop Training For Beginners | Hadoop Architecture | Hadoo...Simplilearn
This presentation about Hadoop training will help you understand the need for Hadoop, what is Hadoop and concepts including Hadoop ecosystem, Hadoop features, how HDFS works, what is MapReduce and how YARN works. Finally, we will implement a banking case study using Hadoop. To solve the issue of rapidly increasing data, we need big data technologies such as Hadoop, Spark, Storm, Cassandra and many more. Hadoop can store and process vast volumes of data. You will understand the architecture of HDFS, MapReduce workflow and the architecture of YARN. In the demo, you will learn in detail on how to export data from RDBMS (MySQL) into HDFS using Sqoop commands. Now, let us get started and gain expertise with Hadoop training video.
Below topics are explained in this Hadoop training presentation:
1. Need for Hadoop
2. What is Hadoop
3. Hadoop ecosystem
4. Hadoop features
5. What is HDFS
6. What is MapReduce
7. What is YARN
8. Bank case study
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
This Hadoop Hive Tutorial will unravel the complete Introduction to Hive, Hive Architecture, Hive Commands, Hive Fundamentals & HiveQL. In addition to this, even fundamental concepts of BIG Data & Hadoop are extensively covered.
At the end, you'll have a strong knowledge regarding Hadoop Hive Basics.
PPT Agenda
✓ Introduction to BIG Data & Hadoop
✓ What is Hive?
✓ Hive Data Flows
✓ Hive Programming
----------
What is Apache Hive?
Apache Hive is a data warehousing infrastructure built over Hadoop which is targeted towards SQL programmers. Hive permits SQL programmers to directly enter the Hadoop ecosystem without any pre-requisites in Java or other programming languages. HiveQL is similar to SQL, it is utilized to process Hadoop & MapReduce operations by managing & querying data.
----------
Hive has the following 5 Components:
1. Driver
2. Compiler
3. Shell
4. Metastore
5. Execution Engine
----------
Applications of Hive
1. Data Mining
2. Document Indexing
3. Business Intelligence
4. Predictive Modelling
5. Hypothesis Testing
----------
Skillspeed is a live e-learning company focusing on high-technology courses. We provide live instructor led training in BIG Data & Hadoop featuring Realtime Projects, 24/7 Lifetime Support & 100% Placement Assistance.
Email: sales@skillspeed.com
Website: https://www.skillspeed.com
This presentation discusses the follow topics
What is Hadoop?
Need for Hadoop
History of Hadoop
Hadoop Overview
Advantages and Disadvantages of Hadoop
Hadoop Distributed File System
Comparing: RDBMS vs. Hadoop
Advantages and Disadvantages of HDFS
Hadoop frameworks
Modules of Hadoop frameworks
Features of 'Hadoop‘
Hadoop Analytics Tools
Pig Tutorial | Apache Pig Tutorial | What Is Pig In Hadoop? | Apache Pig Arch...Simplilearn
This presentation on Pig will help you understand why Pig is required, what is Pig, MapReduce vs Hive vs Pig, Pig architecture, working of Pig, Pig Latin data model, Pig Execution modes, and finally a demo which shows Pig Latin scripts. Pig is a scripting platform that runs on Hadoop clusters, designed to process and analyze large datasets. It operates on various types of data like structured, semi-structured and unstructured data. Pig Latin is the procedural data flow language used in Pig to analyze data. It is easy to program using Pig Latin as it is similar to SQL.
Now, let us get started with Pig.
Below topics are explained in this Pig presentation:
1. Why Pig?
2. What is Pig?
3. MapReduce vs Hive vs Pig
4. Pig architecture
5. Working of Pig
6. Pig Latin data model
7. Pig Execution modes
8. Use case – Twitter
9. Features of Pig
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
Iceberg: A modern table format for big data (Strata NY 2018)Ryan Blue
Hive tables are an integral part of the big data ecosystem, but the simple directory-based design that made them ubiquitous is increasingly problematic. Netflix uses tables backed by S3 that, like other object stores, don’t fit this directory-based model: listings are much slower, renames are not atomic, and results are eventually consistent. Even tables in HDFS are problematic at scale, and reliable query behavior requires readers to acquire locks and wait.
Owen O’Malley and Ryan Blue offer an overview of Iceberg, a new open source project that defines a new table layout addresses the challenges of current Hive tables, with properties specifically designed for cloud object stores, such as S3. Iceberg is an Apache-licensed open source project. It specifies the portable table format and standardizes many important features, including:
* All reads use snapshot isolation without locking.
* No directory listings are required for query planning.
* Files can be added, removed, or replaced atomically.
* Full schema evolution supports changes in the table over time.
* Partitioning evolution enables changes to the physical layout without breaking existing queries.
* Data files are stored as Avro, ORC, or Parquet.
* Support for Spark, Pig, and Presto.
this presentation describes the company from where I did my summer training and what is bigdata why we use big data, big data challenges, the issue in big data, the solution of big data issues, hadoop, docker , Ansible etc.
Big Data raises challenges about how to process such vast pool of raw data and how to aggregate value to our lives. For addressing these demands an ecosystem of tools named Hadoop was conceived.
Data Lakes are meant to support many of the same analytics capabilities of Data Warehouses while overcoming some of the core problems. Yet Data Lakes have a distinctly different technology base. This webinar will provide an overview of the standard architecture components of Data Lakes.
This will include:
The Lab and the factory
The base environment for batch analytics
Critical governance components
Additional components necessary for real-time analytics and ingesting streaming data
Hadoop Tutorial For Beginners | Apache Hadoop Tutorial For Beginners | Hadoop...Simplilearn
This presentation about Hadoop for beginners will help you understand what is Hadoop, why Hadoop, what is Hadoop HDFS, Hadoop MapReduce, Hadoop YARN, a use case of Hadoop and finally a demo on HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System), MapReduce and YARN. Big Data is a massive amount of data which cannot be stored, processed, and analyzed using traditional systems. To overcome this problem, we use Hadoop. Hadoop is a framework which stores and handles Big Data in a distributed and parallel fashion. Hadoop overcomes the challenges of Big Data. Hadoop has three components HDFS, MapReduce, and YARN. HDFS is the storage unit of Hadoop, MapReduce is its processing unit, and YARN is the resource management unit of Hadoop. In this video, we will look into these units individually and also see a demo on each of these units.
Below topics are explained in this Hadoop presentation:
1. What is Hadoop
2. Why Hadoop
3. Big Data generation
4. Hadoop HDFS
5. Hadoop MapReduce
6. Hadoop YARN
7. Use of Hadoop
8. Demo on HDFS, MapReduce and YARN
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of the Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
A Seminar Presentation on Big Data for Students.
Big data refers to a process that is used when traditional data mining and handling techniques cannot uncover the insights and meaning of the underlying data. Data that is unstructured or time sensitive or simply very large cannot be processed by relational database engines. This type of data requires a different processing approach called big data, which uses massive parallelism on readily-available hardware.
INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA AND HADOOP
9
Introduction to Big Data, Types of Digital Data, Challenges of conventional systems - Web data, Evolution of analytic processes and tools, Analysis Vs reporting - Big Data Analytics, Introduction to Hadoop - Distributed Computing
Challenges - History of Hadoop, Hadoop Eco System - Use case of Hadoop – Hadoop Distributors – HDFS – Processing Data with Hadoop – Map Reduce.
Interested in learning Hadoop, but you’re overwhelmed by the number of components in the Hadoop ecosystem? You’d like to get some hands on experience with Hadoop but you don’t know Linux or Java? This session will focus on giving a high level explanation of Hive and HiveQL and how you can use them to get started with Hadoop without knowing Linux or Java.
Disclaimer :
The images, company, product and service names that are used in this presentation, are for illustration purposes only. All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Data/Image collected from various sources from Internet.
Intention was to present the big picture of Big Data & Hadoop
This Hadoop Hive Tutorial will unravel the complete Introduction to Hive, Hive Architecture, Hive Commands, Hive Fundamentals & HiveQL. In addition to this, even fundamental concepts of BIG Data & Hadoop are extensively covered.
At the end, you'll have a strong knowledge regarding Hadoop Hive Basics.
PPT Agenda
✓ Introduction to BIG Data & Hadoop
✓ What is Hive?
✓ Hive Data Flows
✓ Hive Programming
----------
What is Apache Hive?
Apache Hive is a data warehousing infrastructure built over Hadoop which is targeted towards SQL programmers. Hive permits SQL programmers to directly enter the Hadoop ecosystem without any pre-requisites in Java or other programming languages. HiveQL is similar to SQL, it is utilized to process Hadoop & MapReduce operations by managing & querying data.
----------
Hive has the following 5 Components:
1. Driver
2. Compiler
3. Shell
4. Metastore
5. Execution Engine
----------
Applications of Hive
1. Data Mining
2. Document Indexing
3. Business Intelligence
4. Predictive Modelling
5. Hypothesis Testing
----------
Skillspeed is a live e-learning company focusing on high-technology courses. We provide live instructor led training in BIG Data & Hadoop featuring Realtime Projects, 24/7 Lifetime Support & 100% Placement Assistance.
Email: sales@skillspeed.com
Website: https://www.skillspeed.com
This presentation discusses the follow topics
What is Hadoop?
Need for Hadoop
History of Hadoop
Hadoop Overview
Advantages and Disadvantages of Hadoop
Hadoop Distributed File System
Comparing: RDBMS vs. Hadoop
Advantages and Disadvantages of HDFS
Hadoop frameworks
Modules of Hadoop frameworks
Features of 'Hadoop‘
Hadoop Analytics Tools
Pig Tutorial | Apache Pig Tutorial | What Is Pig In Hadoop? | Apache Pig Arch...Simplilearn
This presentation on Pig will help you understand why Pig is required, what is Pig, MapReduce vs Hive vs Pig, Pig architecture, working of Pig, Pig Latin data model, Pig Execution modes, and finally a demo which shows Pig Latin scripts. Pig is a scripting platform that runs on Hadoop clusters, designed to process and analyze large datasets. It operates on various types of data like structured, semi-structured and unstructured data. Pig Latin is the procedural data flow language used in Pig to analyze data. It is easy to program using Pig Latin as it is similar to SQL.
Now, let us get started with Pig.
Below topics are explained in this Pig presentation:
1. Why Pig?
2. What is Pig?
3. MapReduce vs Hive vs Pig
4. Pig architecture
5. Working of Pig
6. Pig Latin data model
7. Pig Execution modes
8. Use case – Twitter
9. Features of Pig
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
Iceberg: A modern table format for big data (Strata NY 2018)Ryan Blue
Hive tables are an integral part of the big data ecosystem, but the simple directory-based design that made them ubiquitous is increasingly problematic. Netflix uses tables backed by S3 that, like other object stores, don’t fit this directory-based model: listings are much slower, renames are not atomic, and results are eventually consistent. Even tables in HDFS are problematic at scale, and reliable query behavior requires readers to acquire locks and wait.
Owen O’Malley and Ryan Blue offer an overview of Iceberg, a new open source project that defines a new table layout addresses the challenges of current Hive tables, with properties specifically designed for cloud object stores, such as S3. Iceberg is an Apache-licensed open source project. It specifies the portable table format and standardizes many important features, including:
* All reads use snapshot isolation without locking.
* No directory listings are required for query planning.
* Files can be added, removed, or replaced atomically.
* Full schema evolution supports changes in the table over time.
* Partitioning evolution enables changes to the physical layout without breaking existing queries.
* Data files are stored as Avro, ORC, or Parquet.
* Support for Spark, Pig, and Presto.
this presentation describes the company from where I did my summer training and what is bigdata why we use big data, big data challenges, the issue in big data, the solution of big data issues, hadoop, docker , Ansible etc.
Big Data raises challenges about how to process such vast pool of raw data and how to aggregate value to our lives. For addressing these demands an ecosystem of tools named Hadoop was conceived.
Data Lakes are meant to support many of the same analytics capabilities of Data Warehouses while overcoming some of the core problems. Yet Data Lakes have a distinctly different technology base. This webinar will provide an overview of the standard architecture components of Data Lakes.
This will include:
The Lab and the factory
The base environment for batch analytics
Critical governance components
Additional components necessary for real-time analytics and ingesting streaming data
Hadoop Tutorial For Beginners | Apache Hadoop Tutorial For Beginners | Hadoop...Simplilearn
This presentation about Hadoop for beginners will help you understand what is Hadoop, why Hadoop, what is Hadoop HDFS, Hadoop MapReduce, Hadoop YARN, a use case of Hadoop and finally a demo on HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System), MapReduce and YARN. Big Data is a massive amount of data which cannot be stored, processed, and analyzed using traditional systems. To overcome this problem, we use Hadoop. Hadoop is a framework which stores and handles Big Data in a distributed and parallel fashion. Hadoop overcomes the challenges of Big Data. Hadoop has three components HDFS, MapReduce, and YARN. HDFS is the storage unit of Hadoop, MapReduce is its processing unit, and YARN is the resource management unit of Hadoop. In this video, we will look into these units individually and also see a demo on each of these units.
Below topics are explained in this Hadoop presentation:
1. What is Hadoop
2. Why Hadoop
3. Big Data generation
4. Hadoop HDFS
5. Hadoop MapReduce
6. Hadoop YARN
7. Use of Hadoop
8. Demo on HDFS, MapReduce and YARN
What is this Big Data Hadoop training course about?
The Big Data Hadoop and Spark developer course have been designed to impart an in-depth knowledge of Big Data processing using Hadoop and Spark. The course is packed with real-life projects and case studies to be executed in the CloudLab.
What are the course objectives?
This course will enable you to:
1. Understand the different components of the Hadoop ecosystem such as Hadoop 2.7, Yarn, MapReduce, Pig, Hive, Impala, HBase, Sqoop, Flume, and Apache Spark
2. Understand Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and YARN as well as their architecture, and learn how to work with them for storage and resource management
3. Understand MapReduce and its characteristics, and assimilate some advanced MapReduce concepts
4. Get an overview of Sqoop and Flume and describe how to ingest data using them
5. Create database and tables in Hive and Impala, understand HBase, and use Hive and Impala for partitioning
6. Understand different types of file formats, Avro Schema, using Arvo with Hive, and Sqoop and Schema evolution
7. Understand Flume, Flume architecture, sources, flume sinks, channels, and flume configurations
8. Understand HBase, its architecture, data storage, and working with HBase. You will also understand the difference between HBase and RDBMS
9. Gain a working knowledge of Pig and its components
10. Do functional programming in Spark
11. Understand resilient distribution datasets (RDD) in detail
12. Implement and build Spark applications
13. Gain an in-depth understanding of parallel processing in Spark and Spark RDD optimization techniques
14. Understand the common use-cases of Spark and the various interactive algorithms
15. Learn Spark SQL, creating, transforming, and querying Data frames
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/big-data-and-analytics/big-data-and-hadoop-training
A Seminar Presentation on Big Data for Students.
Big data refers to a process that is used when traditional data mining and handling techniques cannot uncover the insights and meaning of the underlying data. Data that is unstructured or time sensitive or simply very large cannot be processed by relational database engines. This type of data requires a different processing approach called big data, which uses massive parallelism on readily-available hardware.
INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA AND HADOOP
9
Introduction to Big Data, Types of Digital Data, Challenges of conventional systems - Web data, Evolution of analytic processes and tools, Analysis Vs reporting - Big Data Analytics, Introduction to Hadoop - Distributed Computing
Challenges - History of Hadoop, Hadoop Eco System - Use case of Hadoop – Hadoop Distributors – HDFS – Processing Data with Hadoop – Map Reduce.
Interested in learning Hadoop, but you’re overwhelmed by the number of components in the Hadoop ecosystem? You’d like to get some hands on experience with Hadoop but you don’t know Linux or Java? This session will focus on giving a high level explanation of Hive and HiveQL and how you can use them to get started with Hadoop without knowing Linux or Java.
Disclaimer :
The images, company, product and service names that are used in this presentation, are for illustration purposes only. All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Data/Image collected from various sources from Internet.
Intention was to present the big picture of Big Data & Hadoop
Survey on Performance of Hadoop Map reduce Optimization Methodspaperpublications3
Abstract: Hadoop is a open source software framework for storage and processing large scale of datasets on clusters of commodity hardware. Hadoop provides a reliable shared storage and analysis system, here storage provided by HDFS and analysis provided by MapReduce. MapReduce frameworks are foraying into the domain of high performance of computing with stringent non-functional requirements namely execution times and throughputs. MapReduce provides simple programming interfaces with two functions: map and reduce. The functions can be automatically executed in parallel on a cluster without requiring any intervention from the programmer. Moreover, MapReduce offers other benefits, including load balancing, high scalability, and fault tolerance. The challenge is that when we consider the data is dynamically and continuously produced, from different geographical locations. For dynamically generated data, an efficient algorithm is desired, for timely guiding the transfer of data into the cloud over time for geo-dispersed data sets, there is need to select the best data center to aggregate all data onto given that a MapReduce like framework is most efficient when data to be processed are all in one place, and not across data centers due to the enormous overhead of inter-data center data moving in the stage of shuffle and reduce. Recently, many researchers tend to implement and deploy data-intensive and/or computation-intensive algorithms on MapReduce parallel computing framework for high processing efficiency.
ارائه در زمینه کلان داده،
کارگاه آموزشی "عصر کلان داده، چرا و چگونه؟" در بیست و دومین کنفرانس انجمن کامپیوتر ایران csicc2017.ir
وحید امیری
vahidamiry.ir
datastack.ir
Design Issues and Challenges of Peer-to-Peer Video on Demand System cscpconf
P2P media streaming and file downloading is most popular applications over the Internet.
These systems reduce the server load and provide a scalable content distribution. P2P
networking is a new paradigm to build distributed applications. It describes the design
requirements for P2P media streaming, live and Video on demand system comparison based on their system architecture. In this paper we described and studied the traditional approaches for P2P streaming systems, design issues, challenges, and current approaches for providing P2P VoD services.
Survey of Parallel Data Processing in Context with MapReduce cscpconf
MapReduce is a parallel programming model and an associated implementation introduced by
Google. In the programming model, a user specifies the computation by two functions, Map and Reduce. The underlying MapReduce library automatically parallelizes the computation, and handles complicated issues like data distribution, load balancing and fault tolerance. The original MapReduce implementation by Google, as well as its open-source counterpart,Hadoop, is aimed for parallelizing computing in large clusters of commodity machines.This paper gives an overview of MapReduce programming model and its applications. The author has described here the workflow of MapReduce process. Some important issues, like fault tolerance, are studied in more detail. Even the illustration of working of Map Reduce is given. The data locality issue in heterogeneous environments can noticeably reduce the Map Reduce performance. In this paper, the author has addressed the illustration of data across nodes in a way that each node has a balanced data processing load stored in a parallel manner. Given a data intensive application running on a Hadoop Map Reduce cluster, the auhor has exemplified how data placement is done in Hadoop architecture and the role of Map Reduce in the Hadoop Architecture. The amount of data stored in each node to achieve improved data-processing performance is explained here.
Introduction to Big Data and Hadoop using Local Standalone Modeinventionjournals
Big Data is a term defined for data sets that are extreme and complex where traditional data processing applications are inadequate to deal with them. The term Big Data often refers simply to the use of predictive investigation on analytic methods that extract value from data. Big data is generalized as a large data which is a collection of big datasets that cannot be processed using traditional computing techniques. Big data is not purely a data, rather than it is a complete subject involves various tools, techniques and frameworks. Big data can be any structured collection which results incapability of conventional data management methods. Hadoop is a distributed example used to change the large amount of data. This manipulation contains not only storage as well as processing on the data. Hadoop is an open- source software framework for dispersed storage and processing of big data sets on computer clusters built from commodity hardware. HDFS was built to support high throughput, streaming reads and writes of extremely large files. Hadoop Map Reduce is a software framework for easily writing applications which process vast amounts of data. Wordcount example reads text files and counts how often words occur. The input is text files and the result is wordcount file, each line of which contains a word and the count of how often it occurred separated by a tab.
DESIGN ARCHITECTURE-BASED ON WEB SERVER AND APPLICATION CLUSTER IN CLOUD ENVI...cscpconf
Cloud has been a computational and storage solution for many data centric organizations. The
problem today those organizations are facing from the cloud is in data searching in an efficient
manner. A framework is required to distribute the work of searching and fetching from
thousands of computers. The data in HDFS is scattered and needs lots of time to retrieve. The
major idea is to design a web server in the map phase using the jetty web server which will give
a fast and efficient way of searching data in MapReduce paradigm. For real time processing on
Hadoop, a searchable mechanism is implemented in HDFS by creating a multilevel index in
web server with multi-level index keys. The web server uses to handle traffic throughput. By web
clustering technology we can improve the application performance. To keep the work down, the
load balancer should automatically be able to distribute load to the newly added nodes in the
server.
Cloud has been a computational and storage solution for many data centric organizations. The
problem today those organizations are facing from the cloud is in data searching in an efficient
manner. A framework is required to distribute the work of searching and fetching from
thousands of computers. The data in HDFS is scattered and needs lots of time to retrieve. The
major idea is to design a web server in the map phase using the jetty web server which will give
a fast and efficient way of searching data in MapReduce paradigm. For real time processing on
Hadoop, a searchable mechanism is implemented in HDFS by creating a multilevel index in
web server with multi-level index keys. The web server uses to handle traffic throughput. By web
clustering technology we can improve the application performance. To keep the work down, the
load balancer should automatically be able to distribute load to the newly added nodes in the
server.
The data management industry has matured over the last three decades, primarily based on relational database management system(RDBMS) technology. Since the amount of data collected, and analyzed in enterprises has increased several folds in volume, variety and velocityof generation and consumption, organisations have started struggling with architectural limitations of traditional RDBMS architecture. As a result a new class of systems had to be designed and implemented, giving rise to the new phenomenon of “Big Data”. In this paper we will trace the origin of new class of system called Hadoop to handle Big data.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
2. Overview
Data Storage and Analysis
Comparison with other Systems
HPC and Grid Computing
Volunteer Computing
History of Hadoop
Analyzing Data with Hadoop
Hadoop in the Enterprise
The Collective Wisdom of the Valley
3. The Problem
IDC estimates the size of the digital
universe has grown to 1.8 zettabytes
by the end of 2011
◦ 1 zettabyte = 1,000 exabytes = 1M
petabytes
Individual data footprints are growing
Storing and Analyzing datasets in the
petabyte range requires new and
innovative solutions
4. The Problem
Storage capacities of hard drives have
increased but transfer rates have not
kept up
◦ Solution: read from multiple disks at once
Hardware Failure
Most analysis tasks need to be able to
combine the data in some way.
5. What Hadoop provides:
The ability to read and write data in
parallel to or from multiple disks
Enables applications to work with
thousands of nodes and petabytes of
data.
A reliable shared storage and analysis
system (HDFS and MapReduce)
A free license
7. MapReduce vs. RDBMS
MapReduce Premise: the entire
dataset—or at least a good portion of
it—is processed for each query.
◦ Batch Query Processor
Another Trend: Seek time is improving
more slowly than transfer time
MapReduce is good for analyzing the
whole dataset, whereas RDBMS is
good for point queries or updates.
8. MapReduce vs. RDBMS
Traditional RDBMS MapReduce
Data Size Gigabytes Petabytes
Access Interactive and batch Batch
Updates Read and write many Write once, read many
times times
Structure Static schema Dynamic schema
Integrity High Low
Scaling Nonlinear Linear
• MapReduce suits applications where
the data is written once, and read
many times, whereas a RDBMS is
good for datasets that are continually
updated.
9. Data Structure
Structured Data – data organized into
entities that have a defined format.
◦ Realm of RDBMS
Semi-Structured Data – there may be
a schema, but often ignored; schema
is used as a guide to the structure of
the data.
Unstructured Data – doesn’t have any
particular internal structure.
MapReduce works well with semi-
structured and unstructured data.
10. More differences…
Relational data is often normalized to
retain its integrity and remove
redundancy
Normalization poses problems for
MapReduce
MapReduce is a linearly scalable
programming model.
Over time, the differences between
RDBMS and MapReduce are likely to
blur
11. HPC and Grid Computing
The approach in HPC is to distribute the
work across a cluster of machines, which
access a shared filesystem, hosted by a
SAN.
◦ In very large datasets, bandwidth is the
bottleneck and network nodes become idle
MapReduce tries to collocate the data
with the compute node, so data access
is fast since it is local.
◦ Works to conserve bandwidth by explicitly
modeling network topology.
12. Handling Partial Failure
MapReduce – implementation detects
failed map or reduce tasks and
reschedules replacements on
machines that are healthy
Shared-Nothing Architecture – tasks
have no dependence on one another
To contrast, MPI programs have to
explicitly manage their own
checkpointing and recovery.
13. Why is MapReduce cool?
Invented by engineers at Google as a
system for building production search
indexes because they found
themselves solving the same problem
over and over again.
Wide range of algorithms expressed:
◦ Image Analysis
◦ Graph-based problems
◦ Machine Learning
14. Volunteer Computing
Seti@Home
MapReduce is designed to run jobs that
last minutes or hours on trusted,
dedicated hardware running in a single
data center with very high aggregate
bandwidth interconnects.
Seti@home runs a perpetual
computation on untrusted machines on
the Internet with highly variable
connection speeds and no data locality
15. History of Hadoop
Created by Doug Cutting
2002 – Apache Nutch, open source web
search engine
2003 – Google publishes a paper describing
the architecture of their distributed filesystem,
GFS.
2004 – Nutch Distributed Filesystem (NDFS)
2004 – Google publishes a paper on
MapReduce
2005 – Nutch MapReduce implementation
2006 – Hadoop is created; Cutting joins
Yahoo!
2008 – Yahoo! demonstrates Hadoop
17. Analyzing Data with Hadoop
Case: NCDC Weather Data
◦ What’s the highest recorded global temp for each
year in the dataset?
Express our query as a MapReduce job
MapReduce breaks the processing into two
phases: Map and Reduce
Input to our Map phase is raw NCDC data
Map Function: Pull out the year and air
temperature AND filter out temps that are
missing, suspect or erroneous.
Reducer Function: finding the max temp for
each year
18. MapReduce Example
Map function extracts the year and
temp:
◦ (1950, 0), (1950, 22), (1950, -11), (1949,
111), (1949, 78)
MapReduce sorts and groups the
data:
◦ (1949, [111,78])
◦ (1950, [0, 22, -11])
Reduce function iterates through the
list:
19.
20. Hadoop in the Enterprise
Accelerate nightly batch business processes
Storage of extremely high volumes of data
Creation of automatic, redundant backups
Improving the scalability of applications
Use of Java for data processing instead of
SQL
Producing JIT feeds for dashboards and BI
Handling urgent, ad hoc request for data
Turning unstructured data into relational data
Taking on tasks that require massive
parallelism
Moving existing algorithms, code,
frameworks, and components to a highly
distributed computing environment
21.
22. Hadoop in the News
the open-source LAMP stack
transformed web startup economics 10
years ago
Argues that Hadoop is now displacing
expense proprietary solutions.
Hadoop’s architechture of map-reducing
across of a cluster of commodity nodes
is more flexible and cost effective than
traditional data warehouses.
3 Areas of application in Startup’s:
◦ Analysis of Customer Behavior
◦ Powering new user-facing features
◦ Enabling entire new lines of business
23. An interesting point to close on…
From TechCrunch: ―What is most
remarkable is how the startup world is
collectively creating this ecosystem:
Yahoo, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and
other companies are actively adding to
the tool chain. This illustrates a new
thesis or collective wisdom rising from
the valley: If a technology is not your
core value-add, it should be open-
sourced because then others can
improve it, and potential future
employees can learn it. This rising tide
has lifted all boats, and is just getting
started‖
24. Training and Certifications
Hortonworks – Believes that Apache
Hadoop will process half of the world’s
data within the next five years
◦ Hortonworks Data Platform – open source
distribution of Apache Hadoop
◦ Support, Training, Partner Enablement
programs designed to assist enterprises
and solution providers
Hortonworks University
25. Extra Resources
Running Hadoop on Ubuntu Linux
(Single-Node Cluster)
Running Hadoop on Amazon EC2
26. Works Cited
White, Tom (2011).
Hadoop: The Definitive
Guide. Sebastopol,
CA: O’Reilly.
TechCrunch (July 2011) –
―Hadoop and Startups:
Where Open Source
Meets Business Data‖
Wikipedia – Apache
Hadoop
Apache Hadoop Website
Editor's Notes
Storage Capacities: One typical drive from 1990 could store 1,370 MB of data and had a transfer speed of 4.4 MB/s, so you could read all the data from a full drive in about 5 minutes. 20 years later, one terabyte drives are the norm, but the transfer speed is around 100 MB/sec, so it takes more than 2.5 hours to ready all the data off the disk. Solution: Imagine if we had 100 drives, each holding one hundredth of the data. Working in parallel, we could read the data in under 2 minutes. Only using one hundredth of a disk may seem wasteful. But we can store on hundred dataset, each of which is one terabyte, and provide shared access to them.Hardware Failure: as soon as you start using many pieces of hardware, the chance that one will fail is fairly high. A common way to avoid data loss is through replication: redundant copies of the data are kept by the system so that in the event of failure there is another copy available. This is how RAID works, though the Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) takes a slightly different approach. Darta read from one disk may need to be combined with the data from any of the other 99 disks. Various distributed systems allow data to be combined from multiple sources, but doing this correctly is notoriously challenging. MapReduce provides a programming model that abstracts the problem from disk reads and writes, tranforming it into a computation over sets of keys and values. The important point here is that there are two parts to the computation, the map and the reduce, and it’s the interface between the two where the “mixing” occurs.
Yahoo – 10,000 core Linux clusterFacebook – claims to have the largest Hadoop cluster in the world at 30 PB
MapReduce enables you to run an ad hoc query against your whole dataset and get the results in a reasonable time E.g. Mailtrust, Rackspace’s mail division, used Hadoop for processing email logs. One ad hoc query they wrote was to find the geographic distribution of their users. They said: “This data was so useful that we’ve scheduled the MapReduce job to run monthly and we will be using this data to help us decide which Rackspace data centers to place new mail servers in as we grow.”Seeking is the process of moving the disk’s head to a particular place on the disk to read or write data. It characterizes the latency of a disk operation, whereas the transfer rate corresponds to a disk’s bandwidth. If the data access pattern is dominated by seeks, it will take longer to read or write large portions of the dataset than streaming through it, which operates at the transfer rate. On the other hand, for updating a small proportion of records in a database, a traditional B-Tree (the data structure used in relational databases, which is limited by the rate it can perform sesks) works well. For updating the majority of a database, a B-Tree is less efficient than MapReduce, which uses Sort/Merge to rebuild the database.
Structured Data – such as XML documents or database tables that conform to a particular predefined schema (RDBMS).Semi-Structured Data – for example, a spreadsheet, in which the structure is the grid of the cells, although the cells themselves may hold any form of dataUnstructured Data – e.g. plain text or image dataMapReduce works well on unstructured or semi-structured data, since it is designed to interpret the data at processing time. In other words, the input keys and values for MapReduce are not an intrinsic property of the data, but they are chosen by the person analyzing the data.
Problems for MapReduce – it makes reading a record a non local operation, and one of the central assumptions that MapReduce makes is that it is possible to perform (high-speed) streaming reads and writes.A web server log is a good example of a set of records that is not normalized (for example, the client hostnames are specified in full each time, even though the same client may appear may times), and this is one reason that logfiles of all kinds are particularly well-suited to analysis with MapReudce. MapReduce is a linearly scalable programming model. The programmer writes 2 functions: a map function and a reduce function—each of which defines a mapping from one set of key-value pairs to anotherThese functions are oblivious to the size of the data or the cluster that they are operating on, so they can be used unchanged for a small dataset and for a massive one. More importantly, if you double the size of the input data, a job will run twice as slow. But if you also double the sixe of the cluster, a job will run as fast as the original one. This is not generally true of SQL queries. The lines will blur as relational databases start incorporating some of the ideas form MapReduce and from the other direction, as higher-level query languages built on MapReduce (such as Pig and Hive) make MapReduce systems more approachable to traditional database programmers.
High Performance Computing (HPC) and Grid Computing communities have been doing large-scale data processing for years, using such API’s such as Message Passing Interface (MPI)HPC works well for predominantly compute-intensive jobs, but becomes a problem when nodes need to access larger data volumes (100’s of GB)Data locality is at the heart of MapReduce and is the reason for it’s good performance. Recognizing that network bandwidth is the most precious resource in a data center environment (e.g. it is easy to saturate network links by copying data around), MapReduce implementations go to great lengths to conserve it by explicitly modeling network topology. MPI gives great control to the programmer, but requires that he or she explicitly handthe mechanics of the data flow, exposed via low-level C routines and constructs, such as sockets, as well as the higer-level algorithm for the analysis. MapReduce operates only at the higher level: the programmer thinks in terms of functions of key and value pairs, and the data flow is implicit.
How do you handle partial failure?—When you don’t know if a remote process has failed or not—and still making progress with the overall computationShared nothing architecture makes MapReduce able to handle partial failure. From a programmers point of view, the order in which the tasks run doesn’t matter. MPI Programs – gives more control to the programmer, but makes them more difficult to write. In some ways MapReduce is a restrictive programming model since you are limited to key and value types that are related in specified ways, and mapper and reducers run with very limited coordination between one another (The mappers pass keys and values to reducers)
Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence – volunteers donate CUP time from their otherwise idel computers to analyze radio telescope data for signs of intelligent life outside earth. Most prominent of many volunteer computing progjects. Similar to MapReduce in that it breaks a problem into independent pieces to be worked on in parallel
Nutch -- Architecture wouldn’t scale to index billions of pagesPaper about GFS provided the info needed to solve their storage needs for the very large files generated as a part of the web crawl and indexing process. In particular, GFS would free up time being spent on administrative tasks such as managing storage nodes. NDFS was an open source implementation of the GFSGoogle introduced MapReduce to the world, by mid 2005 the Nutch project developed an open source implementationDoug Cutting joined Yahoo!, which proviede a dedicated team and the resources to turn Hadoop into a system that ran at the web scale. This was demonstrated in February 2008 when yahoo! announced that it’s production search index was being generated by a 10,000 core Hadoop ClusterThe NY Times used Amazon’s EC2 compute cloud to crunch through 4 terabytes of scanned arhives from the paper converting them to PDFs fro the Web. The processing took less than 24 hours to run using 100 machines, and the project probably wouldn’t have been embarked on without the combination of Amazon’s pay by the hour model and hadoops easy to use parallel programming model. Broke a world record to become the fastest system to sort a terabyte of data. Running on a 910 node cluster, Hadoop sorted one terabyte in 209 seconds. In November of the same year, Google announced its MapReduce implementation sorted one terabyte in 68 secods. By 2009, Yahoo! used Hadoop to sort one terabyte in 62 seconds.
MapReduce – a distribute ddata processing model and execution environment that runs on large clusters of commodity machinesHDFS – a distributed filesystem that runs on large clusters of commodity machines.Pig – A data flow language and execution environment for exploring very large datasets. Pig runs on HDFS and MapReduce clustersHive – A distributed data warehouse. Hive manages data stored in HDFS and provides a query language based on SQL for querying the dataHbase – a distributed, column-oriented database. Hbase uses HDFS for its underlying storage, and supports both batch-style computations using MapReduce and point queries (random reads). Sqoop – a tool for efficiently moving data between relational databases and HDFS.
Each phase has key-value pairs as input and output, the types of which may be chosen by the programmer. The two functions are also specified by the programmer.For the example, we choose a text input format that gives us each line in the dataset as a text vlue. The key is the offset of the beginning of the line from the beginning of a file. Map function – just a data preparation phase, setting up the data in such a way that the reducer function can do its work on it: finding the max temp each year
http://techcrunch.com/2011/07/17/hadoop-startups-where-open-source-meets-business-data/ LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP/Python) - As new open0-source webservers, databases, and web-friendly programming lanuages liberated developers from proprietary software and big iron hardware, startup costs plummeted. This lower barrier to entry changed the startup funding game, and led to the emergence of the current Angel/Seed funding ecosystem. – This also enabled the generation of web apps we use today. With Hadoop… Startups are creating more intelligent businesses and more intelligent productsEven modestly successful startup has a user base comparable in population to nation statesThe problem this poses is that understanding the value of every user and transaction becomes more complex.The opportunity this poses is that the collective intelligence of the population can be leveraged into better user experiences. Before Hadoop, analyzing this scale of data required the same kind of enterprise solutions that LAMP was created to avoid.The key to understanding the significance of Hadoop is that it’s not juast a specific piece of technology, but movement of developers trying to collectively solve the Big Data problems of their organizations.