The document discusses various types of barriers in architectural design, focusing on air, sound, and visual barriers, alongside the importance of accessibility for individuals with disabilities. It highlights significant legislation and design modifications aimed at enhancing mobility and movement within homes and public buildings. Additionally, it explores lighting solutions, including skylights and different types of lamps, to improve living spaces.

1. Barrier free design

2. Air barrier
 Airflow carries moisture
that impacts a materials
long-term performance
(serviceability) and
structural integrity
(durability). Airflow also
affects building behaviour
in a fire (spread of smoke
and other toxic gases,
supply of oxygen), One of
the key strategies in the
control of airflow is the use
of air barriers.

3. Air barrier

4. Vapour barrier
 The function of a vapour
barrier is to retard the
migration of water
vapour. Vapor barriers
are not typically
intended to retard the
migration of air. That is
the function of air
barriers.

5. Sound barrier
 When most people insulate their buildings, they are
primarily concerned with climate control, but
insulation is also important for regulating sound.

7. Visual barriers
 Dividing the space
forms for multi purpose
functioning.
 Provide good viewing
angle from every seat
(as in theatres)
 Avoiding unnecessary
visual blockage

8. Partitions(Glass)
Type 2
Type 1

9. Partitions (wood)

10. Partitions (Vegetation)

11. Partitions (Water)

12. Fabric partition

13. Portable screening

14. Columns(Visual barrier)

15. Auditorium & classrooms

17. INTERIORS FOR THE LESS ABLE
 A person who is considered “Less Able” is defined as a
person that has ‘a speech, hearing or vision problem,
may be learning disabled, physically disabled, have
reduced ability due to being elderly, crippled, or
mentally or emotionally disturbed’ .

18. Architectural Design Barriers and Needs
 FRANK LLOYD WRIGHTS DISABLED ACCESS HOUSE

19. INTERIORS FOR THE LESS ABLE
 New and influential legislation arose in the
second half of the twentieth century with
the view to recognize the problem of
structural barriers in architectural and
interior designs.
 Modifications of public buildings such as
residential complexes, post offices, and
schools gradually became more and more
frequent. In 1969, the international symbol
of accessibility was adopted.
 In addition, the government assumed a
greater role in facilitating accessibility.

20. INTERIORS FOR THE LESS ABLE
It has been well
established that the home
is one of the fundamental
places that gives shape
and meaning to peoples’
everyday lives.
An important part of such
quality is physical design
and layout, and the
degree to which it
enables the ease of
peoples mobility and
movement around the
dwelling and the use of
different rooms and their
facilities.

21. Staircase
 Studies reveal that approximately 14% of falls take
place on stairs
 handrails for support next to stairs.
 Automatic carriers can be fixed to stairs

22. Corridors & lifts

23. Living
 Cushions on chairs and sofas
should be firm enough so
that a person would not sink
into the seat and would not
need to struggle to arise
from it.

24. Kitchen
 side-by-side refrigerator
and freezer for better
access for those in
wheelchairs.
 pullout shelves so that one
does not have to reach.
 lever-type faucets to make
handles less difficult to
turn.
 no wall fixtures that are
low enough for a person to
bump.

25. Ramp/elevators
ramps and/or elevators in multi-levelled buildings.

26. Bathrooms
 larger bathrooms with
adequate space to move a
wheelchair.
 handrails for support next
to toilets, and bathtubs.
 knee space under
bathroom and kitchen
sinks in order that people
in wheelchairs can be more
comfortable while using
the sinks.

27. Light

28. Sorces of Light
Sun

29. Candles Fire

30. Lighting in interiors

31. Types

32. Methods of light dispersement

33. Types of ceiling fixtures

34. SKYLIGHT
 Skylights can help to bring natural
light into an otherwise dull, dark and
drab space. If you have a home that is
North or South facing, skylights can
do wonders for the sunlight that could
be flooding into your home
 Skylights don’t have to be just boring,
old rectangular punch-outs, either.
They can be circular, dome like, set at
an angle and so much more. Stained
and frosted glass options are available
for those without a, whole lot of
privacy even add an attractive visual
element to the ceiling.

35. SKYLIGHT

36. COURTYARD
Plant-filled courtyards
will bring natural light
into the building
A courtyard inside the
house can be a peaceful
relaxing area. They give you
the feel of the outdoors and
the privacy of your home.

38. the most common electric light source
was the incandescent lamp.
The connection to a light fitting is either
by screw thread or bayonet.
A large variety of shapes, sizes and power
is available, as well as different colour
ranges.
Incandescent lamp

39. Compact fluorescent lamp
The compact fluorescent lamp
(CFL) was designed as a more
efficient replacement for
incandescent lamp. It is
supplied with the same fixing
system (screw or bayonet), and
can be used in many light
fittings designed for
incandescent lamps

40. The tube contains mercury vapour at low
pressure, and the inner wall of the glass is
coated with a phosphor that reacts to
ultra-violet radiation
They are a form of gas discharge lamp,
and are formed in a long thin glass
cylinder with contacts at either end that
secure them to the fitting (or luminaire)
and provide the electrical connection.
Fluorescent tubes are the main form of
lighting for offices and commercial
buildings
Fluorescent tube

41. Discharge lamps work by striking an
electrical arc between two electrodes,
causing a filler gas to give off light.
Different metals and filler gasses can be
used to provide a range of colour and
brightness.
Discharge lamps provide high luminous
efficacy combined with long life, resulting
in the most economical light source
available
Discharge lamps

42. LEDs use semi-conductors to convert
electrical energy directly into light. They
are only recently becoming available as a
light source for lighting purposes, and are
highly efficient and long lasting.
LED torches are becoming very popular, as
they provide a far longer battery life than
other types of light source.
Light Emitting Diode (LED)

43. Flooring light

44. Led lighting

45. Laser lighting

46. Underwater lighting

47. Flood lights

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