The document discusses the integration of wind farms into the Indian transmission system. It notes that India has over 9,500 MW of wind power capacity, accounting for 6.2% of installed power capacity. Integrating wind farms into the grid is necessary as demand increases and fossil fuel constraints grow. However, the intermittent output of wind poses challenges like requiring additional reserves. Proper use of intraday markets and storage technologies like compressed air energy storage can help address these issues. More research is also needed on short-term load forecasting techniques.

1. Integration of wind farms into
Indian transmission system
Ram Gopal Varma
Chandan Kumar
Dept. Of Electrical Engineering
IT-BHU,Varanasi
October 26,2009 1

2. Wind Systems in India
5th largest wind power capacity of 9587.14
MW.
Accounts to 6.2% of installed power capacity
and 2% of generated power.
Average growth rate per year of 27%.
Estimated to be 15600 MW by 2012.
Most of them are off-grid Systems.
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3. Necessity of Integration
With increasing Energy Demand and
constraints on fossil fuels, renewable
sources have to be used.
Integration into the grid is a necessary
process for efficient use of renewable
sources.
Geographical dispersion of wind systems
will quantify their intermittent output.
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4. Grid Network Systems
Supply power in close balance to demand
managing fluctuations and breakdowns.
Operational reserves like spinning
reserves ensure that the plant copes up
with fluctuations.
Though aggregation smoothens variations
but the overall load varies with power
needs.
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5. Challenges
Additional short-term reserves will be
needed to guarantee the security of the
system.
Capacity credit of wind energy is very low.
At lower demand levels plants are
constrained off leading to increase in cost
the renewable energy.
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6. Challenges…
Challenges…
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7. General Remedial Strategies
Operators need not rely on the full rated
power.
Remaining part can be used as short term
reserve instead of spinning reserve.
Better wind forecasting techniques need to
be developed.
Transmission system planning methods have
to be refined.
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8. Intraday Markets
Short time forecasts have to supplement
the day ahead forecasts.
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9. Storage Technologies
Wind power is always combined with
suitable storage technology.
This makes it a virtual conventional power
plant.
Most suited technology for this purpose is
the Compressed Air Energy Storage(CAES)
method.
Tested and commercially available .
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10. Conclusion
Integration into the grid is compulsory to ensure
ongoing increase in wind power.
Substantial strain and control reserve are major
challenges.
Proper use of intraday markets is more economical.
CAES is a suitable utility.
Research has to be done short-term load fore casting
techniques.
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11. Acknowledgment
We thank IET Delhi Network for giving us
this opportunity to present our ideas.
We thank Dr. S. N. Mahendra , HOD
(Electrical Engineering ),IT-BHU for his
constant support and kind guidance.
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