Intelligent Building Management Systems

Management of Intelligent Buildings
Dr. Khaled Ali Youssef
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Arab League Center, Crowne Plaza Dubai Deira
Dubai - 2016
Presentation 3

Table of Contents
1. Intelligent Building Management System (IBMS)
• Terminology
• Target
• Systems and services
• Concept
• System Architecture
• Architecture of IBMS
• What does an IBMS do?
• Benefits of IBMS
2. Protocols of Intelligent Buildings
3. Issues Related to Intelligent Buildings

Intelligent Buildings Management System (IBMS)
Terminology
Building Management Systems (BMS) also known
as Building Automation Systems (BAS), Building
Management and Control System (BMCS), Direct
Digital Controls (DDC) and Building Controls (BC)
Other terms associated with Control Systems
include:
• Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition
(SCADA)
• Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)
• Energy Management System (EMS)
• Data Gathering Panels (DGP)
Management of intelligent Buildings
Dubai - 2016

Dubai - 2016
Ghaffarianhoseini et al. (2016) “What is an Intelligent
Building? Analysis of recent interpretations from an
international perspective”. Architectural Science
Review, 59(5), 338-357
Target
BMS system
centrally
monitors and
controls the
building technical
systems and
services.

Target
BMS system
centrally
monitors and
controls the
building technical
systems and
services.
Dubai - 2016

Systems and Services
These systems and services include:
• Air conditioning
• Ventilation
• Lighting
• Hydraulics
• Access control
• CCTV
• Fire detection
• Fire fighting
• Lifts
• Etc.
Dubai - 2016

Concept
“self know, self decide and self respond”
Self know Self decide Self respond
Dubai - 2016

System Architecture
IBMS links the functionality of individual pieces of building
equipment so that they operate as one complete integrated system.
Dubai - 2016

Architecture of IBMS
• BMS Hardware
• Field Devices
• Networks
• Displays
Dubai - 2016

What does an IBMS do?
Day to day building operation
The most common primary function of the BMS is
the control of the building HVAC system including;
• Chilled Water Plant
• Cooling Towers
• Tenant Condenser Water
• Heating Water Plant
• Exhaust Systems
Dubai - 2016

Building Control Applications
• Zone temperature monitoring and control
• Zone Variable Air Volume (VAV)
• CO2 monitoring and control (Air Quality)
• Air handling unit
• Air flow/pressure control
• Toilet, car park, kitchen and general exhaust fan
control
• After Hours Building Control
Dubai - 2016

Measuring and Monitoring building performance
• Data
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)
• Dashboards
• Graphs
• Alarms
• Reports
Dubai - 2016

Interaction with other building systems
• Lighting system
• Emergency lighting system
• Fire protection system
• Security system
• CCTV system
• Meter system
• Etc.
Dubai - 2016

Benefits of IBMS
• Real-time monitoring
• Documentation
• Customized control strategies
• Flexibility and ease of changes
• Integration of all building systems
• Automated recovery of failure
• Running/operational cost reductions
• Reduce labor cost
• Tenants’ comfort
• Indoor quality
• Safety and security
Dubai - 2016

IBs Protocols
Concept
• Building systems (HVAC, security/access, lighting
control, building safety, and physical plant
control) talk to one another using a common
language (protocol)
Dubai - 2016
• ASHRAE
• BACnet
• DALI
• Dynet
• Energy Star,
• EnOcean
• KNX
• LonTalk
• Midac
• OPC
• OpenTherm
• OpenWebNet
• S-Bus
• ZigBee

Dubai - 2016
Issues Related to Intelligent Buildings
IB technologies are expensive …
1
• Intelligent building technology investments
typically pay for themselves.
• Return of investment within one or two years
• Delivering energy savings and other operational
efficiencies.
• Some building management programs have
generated a positive return on investment within
several months.

Dubai - 2016
IBs are about energy and cost
2
• Energy
• Cost
• Efficiency
• Comfort and satisfaction
• Productivity
• Safety and security
• Integration
• Accuracy
• Flexibility
• Etc.

Dubai - 2016
Intelligent buildings are for certain building type ..
3
• Office buildings
• Residential buildings (Intelligent House Index)
• Educational buildings
• Hospitals
• Banks
• Sports centers
• Etc.
It is about features and benefits of intelligence
rather than building typology.

Dubai - 2016
Intelligence are for new buildings…
4
• Existing building have the opportunity to
experience architectural intelligence.
• Building management and IT systems to
optimize system performance and simplify
facility operations.
• Wireless technology made it easier for
traditional buildings to transform into intelligent
ones.
• Examples of transforming buildings are many.
• 311 South Wacker, Chicago, is an example.

Dubai - 2016
4
311 South Wacker, Chicago, USA
• Designed by Kohn Peterson & Fox
• Built in 1990
• 65 Story Tower (293 m tall)
• 1.4 million ft2
• It was once the tallest reinforced
concrete building in the world.
• Upgraded Building Automation System (BAS) in
2000

Dubai - 2016
4
• South Wacker installed a state-of-the-art energy
saving system and LED lighting
• South Wacker is the first major office tower in
Chicago to install wireless Pneumatic
thermostats connected to a cloud-based
intelligent building system.
• A total of 944 thermostats were installed.

Dubai - 2016
4
• The system utilizes real time data to make
operational energy saving decisions.
• Many environmental improvements.
• The property saved about 2.1 million kWh per
year which is the equivalent of planting 37,130
new trees.
• The building earned this substantial award for
the West Loop office tower.

Dubai - 2016
Intelligent buildings are not attractive to tenants..
5
• IBs are argued to:
• improve energy efficiency,
• reduce cost, and
• improve productivity
• Therefore, they are valuable to tenants.
• Numerous studies and surveys showed IBs to be
more attractive compared with traditional
buildings.
“We shape our buildings, and
afterwards our buildings shape us”
Winston Churchill

Dubai - 2016
Intelligent buildings are not attractive to tenants..
5

Dubai - 2016
Intelligent buildings are complicated to operate..
6
• Self-know, self-decide and self-respond.
• Intelligent building management system is often
easier to operate and maintain than a building
that lacks automated systems.
• Integration.
• Communication (e.g. dashboards, alarms, etc.)
• Problem self diagnosis.
• Minimum human intervention

Dubai - 2016
Intelligent buildings might promote losing jobs..
7
• Minimum human intervention
• Less employment for operation
• 5 to 7.1 million jobs will be lost due to automation
(in the richest countries) in the next 5 years.
• 4 out of 10 Canadians might lose their jobs due to
technologies in the next 10-20 years.
• Employment shift

Thanks for attention
Department of Architecture,
Faculty of Environmental Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
E-mail: khaled_ali@yahoo.com
khaled.ali.youssef@gmail.com
kaali3@kau.edu.sa
Tel: 00966 53 7896 144

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