presentation of intelligence in psychology presented as a group MUHAMMAD ATIF MAJEED ADEEL UR RAHMAN FAHAD IFTHKHAR PUBLISHED BY M.ATIF MAJEED

1. INTELLIGENCE IN PSYCHOLOGY

2. TOPIC:
Intelligence in
Psychology
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•
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• PRESENTED BY M.ATIF.MAJEED
• ADEEL UR RAHMAN
• FAHAD IFTHKHAR
•

3. History:
• The first modern intelligence test in IQ history was
developed in 1904, by Alfred Binet (1857-1911) and
Theodore Simon (1873-1961). The French Ministry of
Education asked these researchers to develop a test that
would allow for distinguishing mentally retarded children
from normally intelligent, but lazy children.
• Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who invented the
first practical IQ test, the Binet Simon – test.
•ALFERD BINET:
• He says thinking in not a simple process, rather it is a
complex process and different peoples have different
mental abilities as far as intelligence is concerned.

4. Definition:
• Ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
•Explanation of definition:
• Intelligence is derived from Latin word “intelligentia/intelligere”
which meaning “understand”
• Intelligence is consist of a set of cognitive skills or abilities
including,
• 1: abstract thinking and reasoning.
• 2: problem solving.
• 3: ability to achieve knowledge.
• 4: ability to learn from experience and adopt to a changing in
environment.
• 5: ability to understand complex ideas.

5. Characteristics of intelligence :
• 1: ability to adapt, learn for daily life events and problem
solving.
• 2: capacity to learn from experiences.
• 3: ability to understand people, objects and symbols like
language.

6. Intelligence Quotient:
• IQ, is a theoretical construct used by psychologists
within standardized tests as a means of describing one's
intelligence level.
• Formula to measure IQ level: A person's IQ score was
originally calculated by dividing a person's mental age by
their chronological age, and then multiplying by 100. In
other words, MA ÷ CA × 100.
• IQ=(Mental age / Chronological age) x 100

7. Formula to measure IQ level

8. Theories Of Intelligence in psychology :
•1: Mono Factor Theory – Binet.
•2: Two Factor Theory – Charles
spearman.
•3: Triarchic Theory – Sternberg.

9. Mono Factor Theory
• Alfred Binet developed the first intelligence
test.
• He was first to introduce the concept of
mental age.
• According to his unifactor theory of
intelligence we all have common sense or
general factor of intelligence to apply in
every task.

10. Two Factor Theory
• Charles Spearman, a British Psychologist
proposed two factor theory,
• He is known as the father of factor analysis.
• He said intelligence is made up of two factors:
general or g factor and specific or s factor.
• He says that higher g factor, higher the
intelligence.
• G factor is more important than s factors

11. Triachic Theory
•
• Triarchic theory of intelligence was
formulated by Robert Sternberg in the
1980s. The theory attempts to understand
the human intelligence in terms of distinct
components rather than a single ability
• The triarchic theory by Sternberg
categorized intelligence into three different
aspects.

12. ASPECTS
• The triarchic theory by Sternberg categorized intelligence
into three different aspects.
• Componential – Analytic skills
• Experiential – Creativity
• Practical – Contextual skills
• A person process of information received from each
component through a series of five steps, these are
encoding, inferring, mapping, application and

13. ASPECTS

14. Types of intelligence in psychology:

15. 1. linguistic:
• Means how skillfully you use the language,
words and ideas.
• How well is your spoken and written
communication?
• How much you are creative writer.
• >This types of intelligence is present in
Writers, poets, teachers, journalist etc
•

16. 2. logical and mathematical intelligence:
•This is related with: numbers,
reasoning and problem solving and
understanding the logic.
•Searching for cause and effects and
logic behind problem.
•>This type of intelligence is present in
Analyst, arbitrators, bankers, scientists
etc

17. 3. Musical Intelligence:
• Musical intelligence is the capacity to discern
pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone.
• This intelligence enables us to recognize, create,
reproduce, and reflect on music, as
demonstrated by composers, conductors,
musicians, vocalist, and sensitive listeners.
• >This type of intelligence is present in
Entertainers, DJ’s, Music producers, musical
performers, singers etc.

18. 4. Spatial Intelligence:
•
• Spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three
dimensions. Core capacities include mental
imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation,
graphic and artistic skills, and an active
imagination. Sailors, pilots, sculptors, painters,
and architects all exhibit spatial intelligence.
Young adults with this kind of intelligence may be
fascinated with mazes or jigsaw puzzles, or
spend free time drawing or daydreaming.

19. 5. Intra-personal Intelligence
• Intra-personal intelligence is the capacity to
understand oneself and one’s thoughts and
feelings, and to use such knowledge in planning
and derationing one’s life. Intra-personal
intelligence involves not only an appreciation of
the self, but also of the human condition. It is
evident in psychologist, spiritual leaders, and
philosophers. These young adults may be shy.
They are very aware of their own feelings and are
self-motivated.
•

20. 6. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence:
• Bodily kinesthetic intelligence is the
capacity to manipulate objects and use a
variety of physical skills. This intelligence
also involves a sense of timing and the
perfection of skills through mind–body
union. Athletes, dancers, surgeons, and
crafts people exhibit well-developed bodily
kinesthetic intelligence.

21. 7. Interpersonal Intelligence:
• Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand and
interact effectively with others. It involves effective verbal
and nonverbal communication, the ability to note
distinctions among others, sensitivity to the moods and
temperaments of others, and the ability to entertain
multiple perspectives. Teachers, social workers, actors,
and politicians all exhibit interpersonal intelligence. Young
adults with this kind of intelligence are leaders among
their peers, are good at communicating, and seem to
understand others’ feelings and motives.

22. 8. Naturalist Intelligence:
• Naturalist intelligence designates the human ability to
discriminate among living things (plants, animals) as well
as sensitivity to other features of the natural world
(clouds, rock configurations). This ability was clearly of
value in our evolutionary past as hunters, gatherers, and
farmers; it continues to be central in such roles as
botanist or chef. It is also speculated that much of our
consumer society exploits the naturalist intelligences,
which can be mobilized in the discrimination among cars,
sneakers, kinds of makeup, and the like.

23. 9 Existential Intelligence
•
Sensitivity and capacity to tackle deep
questions about human existence,
such as the meaning of life, why we
die, and how did we get here.