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By: Azar Abid Salih
MSc of Computer Science
D.P.U / Administrative Technical College
IT Dept. / First Class
Information Technology
Fundamentals
Lecture 5
24 October 2017 1
• Data Communication & Network
• Types of Networks
• Network Topologies
Outlines:
24 October 2017 2
 Is a society in which every thing in the
human life depends upon using the
computer to exchange information.
 Information Superhighway:
 It is the facility for the rapid interchange
of information.
Information Society:
24 October 2017 3
Data Communication:
24 October 2017 4
 An important requirement of the
information society is the facility to
transfer data to remote locations
quickly and conveniently.
 The data is transferred by means of a
telecommunication network, which is
provided by governments and private
organizations.
There are two main types of
networks according to their
geographical distance:
 Local Area Network ( LAN ).
 Wide Area Network ( WAN ).
Types of Network:
24 October 2017 5
It is the number of computers that
are linked together by cables in a
limited area (a building or group of
nearly buildings).
It might be:
 Client/Server Network.
 Peer-To-Peer Network.
1. Local Area Network (LAN):
24 October 2017 6
 Client/Server network:
Where there is a specific computer
called a Server, which saves all common
files and documents, so that other
computers (Clients) can use, access,
update and manipulate them at the
same time.
LAN: (Cont.)
24 October 2017 7
 Peer-To-Peer Network:
Dose not use a server, individual
computers share data directly with
others computers.
LAN: (Cont.)
24 October 2017 8
 Computers and computer networks
are linked together over a large area.
 Many WANs use satellite
communications.
 WAN is used to connect offices of an
organization that are located in
different cities in the same country or
in different countries.
24 October 2017 9
Wide Area Network (WAN):
 Wide Area Network (WAN) Devices:
 Hub:
A distributor that has a lot of ports which
connected to computers.
 Switchers:
Like a hub, but it transmits packet to it’s
destination.
24 October 2017 10
WAN: (cont.)
 Routers:
Choose the best path to transmit the
packet.
 Gateway:
It is used to connect the different LANs.
 Bridge:
It is used to connect two similar LANs.
24 October 2017 11
WAN: (cont.)
 Repeaters:
Repeats signals that travels via long
distances.
 Multipliers:
Combines messages of several devices and
sends them along a single high speed path.
24 October 2017 12
WAN: (cont.)
 There are three main topologies for
computers:
 Star Network:
Is one in which all microcomputers
and other communications devices are
connected to a central hub, such as
server computer.
24 October 2017 13
Networks Topologies:
 Ring Network:
Is one in which all microcomputers
and other communications devices are
connected in a continuous loop.
24 October 2017 14
Networks Topologies: cont.
 Bus Network:
Works like a bus system, all
communications devices are connected
to a common channel.
24 October 2017 15
Networks Topologies: cont.
The END…
24 October 2017 16

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Information Technology ITM1

  • 1. By: Azar Abid Salih MSc of Computer Science D.P.U / Administrative Technical College IT Dept. / First Class Information Technology Fundamentals Lecture 5 24 October 2017 1
  • 2. • Data Communication & Network • Types of Networks • Network Topologies Outlines: 24 October 2017 2
  • 3.  Is a society in which every thing in the human life depends upon using the computer to exchange information.  Information Superhighway:  It is the facility for the rapid interchange of information. Information Society: 24 October 2017 3
  • 4. Data Communication: 24 October 2017 4  An important requirement of the information society is the facility to transfer data to remote locations quickly and conveniently.  The data is transferred by means of a telecommunication network, which is provided by governments and private organizations.
  • 5. There are two main types of networks according to their geographical distance:  Local Area Network ( LAN ).  Wide Area Network ( WAN ). Types of Network: 24 October 2017 5
  • 6. It is the number of computers that are linked together by cables in a limited area (a building or group of nearly buildings). It might be:  Client/Server Network.  Peer-To-Peer Network. 1. Local Area Network (LAN): 24 October 2017 6
  • 7.  Client/Server network: Where there is a specific computer called a Server, which saves all common files and documents, so that other computers (Clients) can use, access, update and manipulate them at the same time. LAN: (Cont.) 24 October 2017 7
  • 8.  Peer-To-Peer Network: Dose not use a server, individual computers share data directly with others computers. LAN: (Cont.) 24 October 2017 8
  • 9.  Computers and computer networks are linked together over a large area.  Many WANs use satellite communications.  WAN is used to connect offices of an organization that are located in different cities in the same country or in different countries. 24 October 2017 9 Wide Area Network (WAN):
  • 10.  Wide Area Network (WAN) Devices:  Hub: A distributor that has a lot of ports which connected to computers.  Switchers: Like a hub, but it transmits packet to it’s destination. 24 October 2017 10 WAN: (cont.)
  • 11.  Routers: Choose the best path to transmit the packet.  Gateway: It is used to connect the different LANs.  Bridge: It is used to connect two similar LANs. 24 October 2017 11 WAN: (cont.)
  • 12.  Repeaters: Repeats signals that travels via long distances.  Multipliers: Combines messages of several devices and sends them along a single high speed path. 24 October 2017 12 WAN: (cont.)
  • 13.  There are three main topologies for computers:  Star Network: Is one in which all microcomputers and other communications devices are connected to a central hub, such as server computer. 24 October 2017 13 Networks Topologies:
  • 14.  Ring Network: Is one in which all microcomputers and other communications devices are connected in a continuous loop. 24 October 2017 14 Networks Topologies: cont.
  • 15.  Bus Network: Works like a bus system, all communications devices are connected to a common channel. 24 October 2017 15 Networks Topologies: cont.