This document discusses different types of computer software, including system software like operating systems, programming languages, compilers and interpreters. It also discusses application software that users interact with directly, like word processors, spreadsheets, and multimedia programs. Interfaces are described as the way users interact with and command the computer, including command line interfaces and graphical user interfaces. Multimedia incorporates different media like text, graphics, audio and video into computer programs.

1. By: Azar Abid Salih
MSc of Computer Science
D.P.U / Administrative Technical College
IT Dept. / First Class
Information Technology
Fundamentals
Lecture 4
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3. • Software
• Computer Software
• Interfaces
• Multimedia
Outlines:
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4. Software
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5.  Hardware cannot work without
programs.
 A Program is a set of sequence
instructions that tell the computer what
to do.
 Software is a collection of programs,
data and information.
 A Programmer is the person who makes
the program using one of the computer’s
programming languages.
Software:
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6. There are two kinds of software:
 System Software.
 Application Software.
Computer Software:
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7. It is the software which is used by
the computer system such as:
 Operating System.
 Programming Languages.
 Translators.
System Software:
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8.  Programming Languages:
A set of words, rules, syntax and
semantic used by a Programmer to
input his instructions to the computer to
do a special task.
There are many programming
languages. Each of them is designed to
solve specific kinds of problems.
e.g.: FORTRAN, C++, JAVA, … etc.
System Software: (cont.)
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9. 1. Machine Language:
It is written in 1, 0. It depends on the
computer’s architecture.
2. Assembly Language:
Depends on using some of the
Mnemonic Symbols like: MUL, SUB, ADD.
It uses addressing symbols.
Generation of Programming Languages:
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10. 3. High Level Languages:
Use statements that one can
understand. It needs translators. It can
used very easily to solve complex
problems.
4. Application Generators:
They are database languages used to
create files, forms, queries and reports
without the writing of any programs.
Generation of Programming Languages:
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11. 5. Object Oriented Languages:
 These languages consist of a collection
of objects.
 Every object contains its variables or
data; and its operations or methods.
Generation of Programming Languages:
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12.  Compilers and Interpreters:
 Programs that translate the source
code into the object code.
 A compiler translates a whole
program.
 The object code can be executed them.
 The interpreter translates and
executes one instruction at a time.
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System Software: (cont.)

13.  Operating Systems (O.S ):
O.S is a program that acts as an
intermediary between a user of a computer
and computer hardware.
 The most important system software.
 It holds all the instructions that make the
computer work:
 Starting the computer.
 Displaying on the monitor.
 Using the keyboard.
 Saving & loading files.
 Using secondary memory.
 Managing Application Software.
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System Software: (cont.)

14.  Operating Systems:
 Some of the O.S are:
 DOS
 Windows
 Linux
 Unix
 OS/2
 MacOS
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System Software: (cont.)

15.  Operating Systems:
 Functions of the O.S are:
 Booting up.
 User Interface.
 Task and resources management.
 Monitoring.
 Files management.
 System security.
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System Software: (cont.)

16.  Operating Systems:
 Types of the O.S are:
 Multitasking OS. (Windows)
 Multiprocessing OS.
 Timesharing OS. (Multiuser)
 Network OS.
 Real Time OS. (Medical Devices)
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System Software: (cont.)

17.  It is the software used by users like:
 Word Processing.
 Spreadsheet Application (Excel).
 Database Application (Access).
 Presentation Application (PowerPoint).
 E-mail Programs.
 Graphics & Drawing Programs.
 Publishing Software.
 Games.
 Multimedia Programs.
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Applications Software:

18.  Interface: It is the way that the user
used to deal with the computer or
communicate his commands to the
computer.
 Command Line Interface (CLI).
 Graphical User Interface (GUI).
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Interfaces:

19.  Is the use of different media in computer
programs:
 Text.
 Graphics.
 Audio.
 Video.
 Animation.
 Its used in presentation, education,
learning, games and commercial
purposes.
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Multimedia:

20. The END…
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