This document discusses different types of software. It defines system software as essential software that controls hardware and allows other programs to function. Application software, also called utility software, is designed for users' needs and choices. Programming languages like C, C++, Java, and C# are used to develop both system and application software. System software includes operating systems like Windows, Linux, and Android, which interface between users and hardware. Application software examples are enterprise software, educational software, and simulation software.

1. Software and its classification
AHSAN ASHFAQ
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 1

2. Components of Computers
Computer
System
Software
The non physical components of
computer which instruct the hardware.
Hardware
The physical components of
computer which perform the actual
processing.

3. Components of Computers
Computer
System
Software
System
Software
Application
Software
Hardware
I/O Devices Processor
Memory
Devices
Busses Ports

4. Types of Software
System Software
Essential for the system to work.
Control and monitor the working of physical components of the computer.
Not a choice but a mandatory element.
Example : Operating system, Device drivers etc
Application Software
Also called the utility software's.
Designed as a utility for the users.
Not mandatory.
Depends on the choice and need of the users.
Examples : MS Office, Photoshop, Media player, Corel Draw etc

5. Q: How the software'sare developed???
Ans: Using Programing Languages
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 5

6. Language
A way of communication between two or more entities.
Defines a set of rules for communication.
Languages
Natural
languages
Computer
Languages

7. Computer Languages
Computer is developed by humans.
It works according to the instructions of human.
In order to instruct the computer, human needs to communicate with it.
As the computer can not understand out natural languages so computer languages are
required.
Example of computer languages.
C
C++
Java
C#
FORTRAN
etc
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 7

8. Types of Computer Languages
Low level Language/Machine Language/Binary Language
The language of 0’s and 1’s.
Very close to computers.
Very difficult for humans.
Medium level language
Started the use of MNEMONICS.
High level language
Very close to our natural languages.
Instructions are written using words like natural languages.
Not possible for computer to interpret directly.
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 8

9. Language translators
The problem
The computer can not understand our natural languages.
We can not understand its language (Binary Language/Machine language).
So scientist have developed natural languages like computer languages.
Stand somewhere in between.
In order to convert a program written in high level
language or Medium level language, translators are
required.

10. Application software's
An application is any program, or group of programs, that is designed for the end user.
Applications software (also called end-user programs) include such things
as database programs, word processors, Web browsers and spreadsheets.
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 10

11. Application software's : Examples
Enterprise Software
addresses the needs of organization processes and data flow, often in a large distributed environment.
Information Worker Software
lets users create and manage information, often for individual projects within a department, in contrast to
enterprise management. Examples include time management, resource management, documentation tools
Educational Software
content and/or features adapted for use in by educators or students.
Simulation Software
Simulation software simulates physical or abstract systems for either research, training or entertainment
purposes.
Product Engineering Software
Product engineering software is used in developing hardware and software products. This includes computer-
aided design (CAD), computer aided engineering (CAE)
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 11

12. Operating System
A type of system software.
Responsible for controlling and monitoring the activities of all parts of computer.
It works as an interface between the user and the system hardware.
Application software's are installed on top of it.
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 12

13. Examples of OS
Operating systems
Windows
Window
95
Window
98
Window
2000
Window
me
Window
XP
Window
7
Window
8
Window
8.1
Window
10
DOS Unix Linux Android
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 13

14. Thank You 
AHSAN ASHFAQ | OMT I | INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PESHAWAR 14