1. Hepatitis
Viral disease
Primarily involves liver
Caused by hepatitis virus
Acute infection of the liver and results in jaundice
Hepatitis- yellowness of white part of eyes and skin
Jaundice- release of bilirubin (gets deposited in sclera)
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2. Types of hepatitis
• Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E
• Hepatitis A (Infectious hepatitis or short term hepatitis)
• Hepatitis B (serum hepaptitis or long term hepatitis)
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3. Modes of transmission and Symptoms
• Hepatitis A- contaminated food and
water
• Hepatitis B- Infected person’s saliva,
sweat, tears, blood etc.
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4. Control
• Complete bed rest
• Intake of carbohydrate rich diet
• Limited intake of protein and fats in the diet
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6. Polio/ Poliomyelities
• Viral disease generally affects children
• Polio virus
• Generally occur in warmer summer
• Causes paralysis of limbs
• Eradicated, only few cases in very few countries
• Man is the only natural host for polio virus
Prevention- Immunization with oral polio vaccine
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8.
9. Rabies
100% fatal virus
Lyssavirus
Enters with the saliva of an infected animal-(dog/cat)
Mongoose, foxes, jackals, wolves, rabbits, bats, monkeys etc., carries
rabies virus
from the site of entry- travels via peripheral nerves to the spinal
cord and the brain where it multiplies.
Destroys brain and spinal cord cells
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10. Symptoms
Severe headache
Painful contraction of muscles of throat and chest
Restlessness and inability to swallow even fluids
Infected person is afraid of water (hydrophobia)
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11. Prevention
Five anti-rabies vaccines
are administered at an
interval of 0, 3, 7, 14 and
30th day of dog bite
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12. Diarrhoea
• Intestinal infections
• Mainly bacteria (Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Escherichia coli,
Shigella, Salmonella etc.,)
• A protozoan- Giardia and some viruses also act as a causative agents
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15. Typhoid
• Bacterial disease caused by a rod-like bacterium Salmonella typhi
• Commonly found in intestine of man
• Common in children of age group 1-15 years.
• Nearly 2.5 million people suffer from typhoid disease every year.
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