Done with internal parasite :)

1. Norazlin Kaman
Diploma Kejururawatan

2.  Internal parasites also know as endoparasites
live within an animal,human or plant(host)
 Gaining their nutrition and protection at the
expense of the host .
 usually, found at the heart or intestinal tract,
and many internal parasites can be life-
threatening.

4. • Known as parasitic worms
• Large multicellular organisms, which when mature
can generally be seen with the naked eye.
• 3 types of Helminths
• Nematodes (Round worm)
• Cestodes (Tape worm)
• Trematodes (Flukes)

5. • Rounded
• Elongated
• Worm-like
• Have digestive system
• Reproduce sexually
• Mostly hot-specific

6. • Flat
• Segmented
• Hermaphrodites
• Indirect life cycle

7. • Know as a fluke
• Oval shape
• Flat
• Hemaphrodites
• Indirect life cycle

8. • Protozoa are common in poultry
and other birds and can cause
mild to severe disease.
• Though there are many types of
protozoa that affect poultry the
most common include:
• Entamoeba Hystolitica
• Giardia
• Coccidia
1.1 Giardia
1.3 Entamoeba Hystolitica
1.2 Coccidia

9.  anaerobic
parasitic
protozoan
 Predominantly
infecting humans
and other
primate
 Associated with
intestinal and
extrainstestinal
infection

10.  of anaerobic flagellated protozoan
parasites
 have two nuclei, each with four
associated flagella
 has a complex endomembrane
system called mitosomes that
involved in the maturation of iron-
sulfur proteins.
 lives inside the intestines of
infected humans or other animals

11. • Coccidia are not technically a worm
• spore-forming,
• single-celled obligate intracellular
parasites
• Coccidian parasites infect the intestinal
tracts of animals
• the largest group of apicomplexan
protozoa.

12. Helmiths’ life cycle
2.1 Nematodes

13. Helminths’ life cycle
2.2 Cestodes

14. Helminths’ life cycle
2.3 Trematodes

15. 3.1 Entamoeba Hystolica
• Some protozoa have
life stages alternating
between
proliferative stages
and dormant cysts.
• Being a cyst enables
parasitic species to
survive outside of a
host, and allows
their transmission
from one host to
another

16. Through
undercooked
meat
Contaminated
food,water Unproper personal
hygiene
Environment
Ingestion of
eggs

17. Contaminated
food or water
Person to person contact
Ingestion
of mature
cysts

18.  Abdominal pain
 Diarrhea
 Nausea or vomiting
 Gas or bloating
 Dysentery (loose stools
containing blood and mucus)
 Rash or itching around the
rectum or vulva
 Stomach pain or tenderness
 Feeling tired
 Weight loss
 Passing a worm in your stool

19. Identification of
parasites requires a
trained parasitologist
or veterinarian.
Veterinarians at the
diagnostic lab will
humanly kill the birds
and perform a necropsy
Immunoblot assay
Magnetic Resonance
Imaging(MRI)
Computed Tomographic
Scan(CT)

20. • Any require medication that serve by the
doctor,veterinars.(drug therapies)
• Metronidazole/Tinidazole (symptomatic
intestinal disease)
• Herbs
• Homeopathy
• Follow up in hospital
• Surgery

21. • Treat all in contact animals in the household.
• Get immunization/Vaccination
• Recommend to bathe all pets every 7-14 days
with mild hypoallergenic shampoo
• Pick up feces immediately or as soon as possible
• Do not eat contaminated food/water that can
harm you.
• Through ways you cook beef or pork.