1) Proper infection prevention and control measures such as wearing appropriate PPE, frequent hand hygiene, and cleaning of surfaces can help protect healthcare workers, patients, and the community from COVID-19. 2) Standard precautions for all patients include applying triage tools to separate non-COVID and suspected COVID patients, wearing masks, and ensuring personal protection, respiratory hygiene, and safe injection practices. 3) Regular disinfection of surfaces, safe waste disposal following BMW rules, and maintaining appropriate environmental conditions are important for limiting transmission within healthcare facilities.

1. Prevention and Infection Control
with respect to COVID-19
Dr. Arun Singh
Professor & Head
Community Medicine
Rohilkhand Medical College &
Hospital
Bareilly International University
Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India

2. Benefits of IPC
Protecting yourself
Protecting your
patients
Protecting your
family, community &
environment
2

3. SOP and Check-lists For Doctors
• Wear PPE
• Throw all the disposable items including food
items in the yellow bag/bin
• Sanitize hands every two hours/each
patient’s procedure, sanitize working area
using cotton swab after every patient’s
procedure, with iso-propyl alcohol
• Sanitize (70% iso-propyl alcohol) the
equipments Prior and after usage

4. General advice for COVID-19
Pandemic
• Physical Distancing
• Hand Hygiene
• Wear Mask
• Turn head away from others when
coughing/sneezing
• Cover the nose and mouth with a tissue
• Cough/sneeze into your sleeve
• Do not spit here and there
• Seek Help

6. IPC Measures and Protocol
• Applying standard precautions for all patients
• Ensuring triage to non-COVID and
Suspected Covid
• Triage tool for patients and attendants
• Wear mask

7. Triage tool for patients and
attendants

8. Elements of Standard Precautions
Personal protection
1. Hand hygiene
2. Respiratory hygiene (etiquette)
3. Personal protection according to the risk
4. Safe injection practices, sharps management
and injury prevention
5

9. Institutional practices
1. Regular Hospital disinfection of all surfaces,
floor, walls, touch points, toilet facility
2. Safe handling, cleaning of equipment
3. Safe handling and cleaning of soiled linen
4. Waste management
5. Environmental measures

10. PPE Basics
• Risk assessment
• Size
• Use & Practice of Donning Doffing
• No manipulation in PPE during work
• Disposal (BMW-rules 2016)

11. Wear PPE

12. 1
2
Donning & doffing of
PPE

13. Personal Protection Equipment for
use in health care
Head cover
Head + hair
Goggle
EyesNose + mouth
Face Mask Face shield
Eyes + nose + mouth
Gloves
Hands
Apron
Body
Gown
Body
N95 Mask
Nose + mouth
1
0

14. Hands equipment surfaces are our
main key link in the chain of
transmission

16. Hand hygiene: WHO 5 moments

17. if hands are not visibly
soiled
Rub hands for 20–30
seconds!

19. When the hands are
visibly dirty or
contaminated with
proteinaceous material
Wash hands for 40–60
seconds!

21. Respiratory hygiene/etiquette
• Wear Mask
• Turn head away from others when
coughing/sneezing
• Cover the nose and mouth with a tissue
• Cough/sneeze into your sleeve

22. Environment Surface Cleaning
• Beds
• Bed mattress
• Patient trolley
• i.v. poles
• Medicine trolley
• Ventilator surfaces
• Humidifiers
• Monitors
• Tubing surfaces etc.
• Frequently touched surfaces – counter tops, door handles,
medicalequipment.
• Floors, walls, toilets / bathroom

23. Use of disinfectants
• Detergent and water with a clean cottongauge
piece
• 1% sodium hypochlorite solution
• 70% alcohol based preparation
• Clean and disinfect patient areas daily
• Equipment should be single use

24. Triple bucketsystem
• For washing: water and detergent
• For Rinsing: hot water only
• A third bucket: 1 % hypochlorite or bleaching
powder solution

25. Figure of eight stroke technique for
mopping

26. Laundry
• Laundry is to be done by dipping in 1%
hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes followed
by washing with detergent and hot water (70
oC)
• Disposable linen in yellow bins for
incineration

27. COLOR TYPE OF
CONTAINER
WASTE
CATEGORY
TREATMENT
OPTION
Yellow Yellow plasticbag in
plasticbin
Anatomical, animal,
microbiology, soiled
Disposable items
Incineration/deep
burial / Plasma
Pyrolysis
Red Red plastic bag in
plastic bin
Disposable items
Recyclable Items
Autoclave
/microwave
/chemical
treatment
Blue Blue Puncturproof box Glassware /
Metallic body
implants
Disinfection /
Autoclaving /
Microwaving/
Hydroclaving
Waste Sharps Puncture proof,
Leak proof,
Tamper proof
containers
Sharp metals iscarded
medicine, chemical &
incinerationash
Autoclaving /dry heat
sterilization followed
by Shredding or
Mutilationlandfill
BMW Management : Colour coding &
treatment
2
3

28. Environmental conditions
• Natural ventilation with air flow of at
least 160 L/s per patient
• or
• Negative pressure rooms with at least
12 air changes per hour and controlled
direction of air flow when using
mechanical ventilation
• Single room, or distance minimum
1m away from other patients