Download to read offline
More Related Content
Indirect speech
- 1. INDIRECT SPEECH: Tosay what somebody has said DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH He said to her: ”I love you” He said that he loved her THINGS TO PAY ATTENTION STATEMENTS Pronouns: I>he, she; my>his, her Speaking verb; said, told Complements: Here>There, this>that, now >Then, today>that day, tomorrow>The following day, yesterday>the previous day, two minutes ago>two minutes before Tenses: Present>past present cont.>past cont. going to> was going to I do>He did He is doing> He was doing I’m going to do I was going to Past S.>Past Perf. Present perfect>Past perf. Past perfect> Past perf. I did>I had done I have done>I had done I had done> I had done Modals Can>could may>might shall>should must>had to QUESTIONS Yes/no questions “Do you speak English?”> He asked if I spoke English “Are you Englsih?”> He asked if he was English” Wh- questions “Who did you see?”> He asked Who you saw “Where are you going?”>He asked Where you were going And the rest of the changes of tense and complements ORDERS “Go away! Peter ” >He ordered Peter to go away “Don’t move! Jane”> He told Jane to go away
- 2. REQUESTS Mary said“Can youhelp me?”> He asked me to her OTHER REPORTING VERBS Advise, invite, remind, encourage, persuade, warn He said“ You should visit your mother”> He advised Peter to visit his mother Agree, offer, promise, refuse “I’ll drive you home”>He offered to take me home Admit, declare, explain, insist, promise, recommend, reply, reveal, say, suggest, add “I will go, I promise?”> He promised that he would go Apologize, *suggest, deny “I’m sorry to disturb you”>He apologized for disturbing