This document discusses relative pronouns and relative clauses. It defines the different types of relative pronouns including who, which, that, whose, where, when, why, whom and what. It explains when the relative connectors can be omitted and discusses defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining clauses provide essential information about the noun, while non-defining clauses provide non-essential information and are set off with commas.

1. RELATIVES
Adjectives: A black cat
Relative (ADJECTIVE)clause: The cat that I bought
Relative connectors:
WHO-The teacher who helped us (the modified noun is a person)
WHICH-The house which I bought (the modified noun is a thing)
THAT-The man that I love (the modified noun is a person or a
thing)
WHOSE-The woman whose car I bought (the modified noun
possesses the relative clause)
WHERE-The place where I was born (The modified noun is a
place)
WHEN-The time when I was a teacher(the modified noun is a
time)
WHY-This is the reason why I’m here
WHOM- The man to whom I hate
WHAT-Tell me what you want (is not a proper relative because it
doesn’t modify a noun it replaces it)
It is substituted by that after all and every
I can’t get all that you want
There you will find everything that you need
Omission of the relative connectors
The relative connectors can be omitted when it doesn’t work as
the subject of the relative clause.
I saw a man who works in a prison CAN’T BE OMITTED
I saw the man (who) you were looking for CAN BE OMITTED
Defining(without comas )/Non-defining relative clauses(with
comas)
I met the man who works in a prison. (DEFINING)
Peter, who works in a prison, is a great person (NON-
DEFINING)
Non-defining
1.-Relative connectors can’t be omitted

2. 2.-That can’t be used

3. INFINITVE AND GERUND