The poem is a critique of the Taj Mahal monument in Agra, India. It describes the Taj Mahal as a quintessential symbol of passion but questions what value it has for ordinary, destitute people who cannot afford such grand monuments. It suggests meeting elsewhere other than the Taj Mahal, which represents the haughty conceit of emperors rather than the real lives and struggles of ordinary people in places like the Yamuna's edge. The poem highlights how many lovers throughout history have lived and loved without being able to erect monuments to their love due to poverty.

2. INDIA
REPORTER:
MHELLY RAMOS

3. WHAT’S GOOD
BOLLYWOOD?
01
WARM UP
BRIEF HISTORY AND
INDIAN CULTURE
02
HERITAGE
MORE ABOUT INDIAN
LITERATURE
03
LITERARY BACKGROUND
You can describe the
topic of the section here
04
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
You can describe the
topic of the section here
05
LITERARY PIECE
You can describe the
topic of the section here
06
CONCLUSIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS

4. WARM UP
MOTIVATION
01

5. FALL IN LINE

6. HAVE YOU WATCHED
THESE?

7. HAVE YOU WATCHED
THESE?

8. BOLLYWOOD DANCE APPRECIATION
WHAT’S GOOD
BOLLYWOOD?

10. HERITAGE
BRIEF HISTORY AND CULTURE
02

13. ● 8000 year old civilization
● 325 languages spoken
● 162 dialects
● 18 official languages
● 29 states, 5 union
territories
INDIA GENERAL FACTS

14. ● The Indian rupee is one of the oldest
currencies in the world, dating back
to the 6th century BCE.
● India is known as 'the Land of
Spices’
● India is the world's largest producer
of spices, with over 70 different
varieties grown in the country.
INDIA GENERAL FACTS

15. ● Parliamentary democratic
form of government
● Secular democratic
constitution
● 7th Largest country
● 5th largest economy (GDP),
fastest-growing large
economy
INDIA GENERAL FACTS

16. Maharaja Gaj Singh

17. Prime Minister
Narendra Modi

18. Pres. Droupadi
Murmu

19. DHOTI & SAREE

20. HOCKEY

21. Question 1
What country in South Asia,
that is the seventh-largest
country by area, the
second-most populous
country in the world?

22. Question 2
India is the world's largest
producer of spices, with
over 70 different varieties
grown in the country.
Hence it is called?
_______________

23. BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIA

24. ● 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE
● One of the earliest known
urban civilizations in the
world. It was located in the
region that is now Pakistan
and parts of northwest India,
and its cities had well-planned
layouts and advanced systems
of water management.
Indus Valley Civilization

25. ● 1500 BCE to 500 BCE
● was characterized by the arrival of
the Indo-Aryan tribes in India.
They brought with them the Vedic
culture and language and
introduced the caste system.
● The Vedas, which are among the
oldest sacred texts in the world,
were composed during this period.
Vedic Period

26. ● 321 BCE to 185 BCE
● reign of Emperor Ashoka, he is
known for his conversion to
Buddhism and his policies of non-
violence and religious tolerance.
● One of the largest and most
powerful empires in Indian history
● Was the first empire to unite most of
the Indian subcontinent under one
ruler.
Maurya Empire

27. ● 320 to 550
● the Golden Age of India
● Center of learning, literature,
and the arts
● Advancements were made in
mathematics, astronomy, and
medicine, including the
development of the decimal
system, the concept of zero, and
rhinoplasty
Gupta Empire

28. Question 3
What is the
earliest known
civilization?

29. Question 4
What Empire is
the Golden Age
of India?

30. ● 712 – 1526
● various Muslim
invasions and rule
over parts of India
● Islam arrived in India
● Muslim ruled India, began with the Delhi Sultanate in the
13th century CE.
Islamic Invasions and Sultanates

31. ● 1526 – 1857
● It was founded by the Timurid
(Mongol) prince Babur, who
arrived in India from Central Asia
● ruled most of India for over three
centuries and is known for its
architectural and artistic
achievements.
● Taj Mahal
The Mughal Empire

32. ● 1757 to 1947
● India became a British colony and
was ruled by the British East
India Company
● The company's policies were
often exploitative and led to
widespread poverty and famine
in India.
British East India Company Rule

33. ● 1857 to 1947
● Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also
known as the First War of Indian
Independence)
● British Raj (1858 CE – 1947 CE)
● Indian independence movement
led by Mahatma Gandhi
● Indian Independence (1947 CE)
Indian Independence Movement

34. ● 1947
● Indian subcontinent
● India gained independence
from British rule and was
partitioned into India and
Pakistan, leading to
violence and mass
migration
Partition of India

35. ● Jawaharlal Nehru becomes
India's first Prime Minister
(1947 CE)
● India becomes a republic
(1950 CE)
● Indo-Pakistani wars and
conflicts (1947 CE – present)
POST INDEPENDENCE

37. Question 5
What company
ruled India during
the colonization?
_________

38. Question 6
Who led the
peaceful protest
during the Indian
Independence
movement?

39. India has a rich and
diverse religious
history, with many
different religions
and spiritual
traditions having
emerged and
developed over
thousands of
years.
Religion
Hinduism
Buddhism
Jainism
Islam
Sikhism
Zoroastrianism
Judaism
Christianity

40. Religion, food, inventions,
architecture
CULTURE

41. Cows are considered sacred
in India, particularly
among the Hindu
population. The cow is
revered as a symbol of
wealth, strength, and
motherly affection, and is
associated with several
Hindu deities, particularly
Lord Krishna.
There are 200 million cows
Religion

42. Indian cuisine is popular
all around the world
for its spices, flavors,
and diverse regional
variations.
Food

43. The Indian tradition of
touching feet is a sign of
respect and humility.
Tradition

44. The Indian tradition of
touching feet is a sign of
respect and humility.
Tradition

45. Kajal- to keep the eyes
cool and clean
Bindi - worn by women to
indicate that they're
married.
Henna (mendhi)-
symbolizes good health
and prosperity in
marriage, used for
celebrations
Tradition

46. Mathematics: the concept of zero, the decimal
system, and the use of algebra and
trigonometry. The famous mathematician
Aryabhata is credited with developing the first
approximation of pi.
Astronomy: Indian astronomers made significant
contributions to the field of astronomy,
including the calculation of the length of a year
and the discovery of eclipses.
Medicine: Ayurveda, a system of traditional medicine
that originated in India, has been practiced for
over 5,000 years and is still widely used today.
Indian doctors also made important
contributions to the fields of surgery and
pharmacology.
Textiles: India has a long tradition of textile
production. Examples include the use of block
printing, tie-dye, and embroidery.
Metallurgy: Indians were among the first people to
smelt and forge iron, and the region has a long
history of metallurgy and metalworking.
Contributions to the
World
• Mathematics
• Astronomy
• Medicine
• Textiles
• Metallurgy
• Yoga and
meditation
• Chess
(chaturanga)

47. TAJ MAHAL

48. RED FORT

49. GOLDEN TEMPLE

50. KALASA TEMPLE

52. Question 7
What is India’s most
iconic monument? It
is part of the 7
wonders of the
world

53. LITERARY
BACKGROUND
MORE ABOUT INDIAN LITERATURE
03

54. ● The Vedas are the oldest
sacred texts of Hinduism and
contain hymns, rituals, and
philosophical teachings. They
were composed between 1500
BCE and 500 BCE.
Vedic Literature

55. ● The Mahabharata and the
Ramayana are two of the most
famous epics of India. They
are composed of stories,
myths, and religious teachings
and have had a profound
impact on Indian culture and
society.
Epics

56. Is an epic poem that tells the
story of a great war that
took place between two
branches of a royal family,
the Kauravas and the
Pandavas. The epic contains
over 100,000 couplets and
is one of the longest poems
in the world. It is written
between 400 BCE and 400
CE. The Mahabharata also
contains many philosophical
and spiritual teachings.
MAHABHRATA

57. is another ancient epic poem
that tells the story of Rama,
a prince who is exiled from
his kingdom and goes on a
quest to rescue his wife Sita
from the demon king
Ravana. The Ramayana is
written between 400 BCE
and 200 BCE. It is
considered one of the
greatest works of Indian
literature and has been
adapted into many different
forms.
The Ramayana

58. ● 100 BCE - 500 CE
● a collection of mythological
and historical texts, are
composed.
The Puranas

59. Question 8
Name one of India’s
most important epics

60. ● 600 CE - 1200 CE
● Sanskrit was the language of
classical Indian literature and is
still considered a sacred language
in Hinduism.
● The works of Kalidasa, including
the plays Shakuntala and
Malavikagnimitram, are considered
some of the finest examples of
Sanskrit literature.
Sanskrit Literature

61. ● 1200 CE - 1800 CE
● During the medieval period,
literature in Indian languages
such as Hindi, Tamil, and
Bengali flourished.
● The Bhakti movement, which
emphasized devotion to a
personal god, produced many
devotional poems and songs
Medieval Literature

62. ● works such as:
● Amir Khusro's poetry
● Kabir's devotional poetry
● Tulsidas' Ramcharitmanas
(epic poem)
Medieval Literature

63. ● 19th century
● British colonialism in India led to
the emergence of a new genre of
literature that was written in
English. The works of writers
such as Rabindranath Tagore,
R.K. Narayan, and Salman Rushdie
are some of the most well-known
examples of Indian literature in
English.
Colonial Literature

64. ● The rise of modern Indian
literature in regional languages,
with writers such as
Premchand, Mulk Raj Anand,
and Saadat Hasan Manto.
● writers exploring a wide range
of themes and styles
20th Century Contemporary Literature

65. ● Rabindranath Tagore: The first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, Tagore is considered
one of the greatest poets of the 20th century. His works, including the poems in Gitanjali and the play The
Post Office, explore themes of spirituality, love, and human relationships.
● R.K. Narayan: A master of the short story and novel, Narayan's works, including Malgudi Days and The
Guide, capture the essence of small-town India and the lives of its people with wit and humor.
● Salman Rushdie: One of the most controversial and celebrated writers of the 20th century, Rushdie's novel
Midnight's Children is a sweeping saga that explores the birth of modern India through the eyes of its
protagonist Saleem Sinai.
● Arundhati Roy: Roy's debut novel, The God of Small Things, won the Booker Prize and became a global
bestseller. The novel explores themes of love, caste, and politics in the context of a family in Kerala.
● Amitav Ghosh: Ghosh's works, including The Shadow Lines and The Hungry Tide, blend history, politics,
and personal narratives to create powerful stories that span continents and generations.
● Jhumpa Lahiri: Lahiri's debut collection of short stories, Interpreter of Maladies, won the Pulitzer Prize, and
her subsequent works, including The Namesake and Unaccustomed Earth, continue to explore themes of
identity, displacement, and cultural assimilation.

66. ● The continued growth of Indian
literature in both English and
regional languages, with new
and established writers
exploring a wide range of
themes and genres.
21st Century Contemporary Literature

67. ● Arundhati Roy: Although Roy made her name with The God of Small Things in the 20th century, she has
continued to publish important works in the 21st century. Her non-fiction works, including The Algebra of
Infinite Justice and Capitalism: A Ghost Story, have made her one of the most important social and political
commentators of our time.
● Chetan Bhagat: Bhagat is one of the best-selling authors in India, with several of his novels, including Five
Point Someone and One Night @ the Call Center, being adapted into successful Bollywood films. His works
explore contemporary Indian life, relationships, and the aspirations of the country's youth.
● Jhumpa Lahiri: Lahiri has continued to publish works that explore themes of identity, cultural assimilation,
and displacement. Her most recent work, Whereabouts, is a novel that explores the inner life of a woman
living in an unnamed city.
● Amitav Ghosh: Ghosh's most recent works, including The Ibis Trilogy (Sea of Poppies, River of Smoke, and
Flood of Fire) and The Great Derangement, continue to explore themes of history, politics, and the
environment. Ghosh's writing is notable for its vast scope and meticulous attention to detail.
● Anuja Chauhan: Chauhan's works, including The Zoya Factor and Those Pricey Thakur Girls, are known for
their humor, wit, and insight into contemporary Indian society. Her works often explore themes of love,
family, and the struggles of young women in India.

68. Question 9
What is considered
a sacred language in
Hinduism?

69. ABOUT THE
AUTHOR
SAHIR LUDHIANVI
04

70. • Sahir Ludhianvi was an
Indian poet and lyricist.
• He was born on March 8,
1921, in Ludhiana, Punjab,
• He started writing poetry at
a young age and published
his first collection of poems
at the age of 20.
SAHIR LUDHIANVI

71. • Sahir's poetry was known for its
strong political and social
commentary and he was a
prominent member of the
progressive writers' movement.
• He received several awards for his
work, including the Padma Shri in
1969.
• Sahir passed away on October 25,
1980, in Mumbai, India.
SAHIR LUDHIANVI

73. OMG BEH
YUNG
EKONOMIYA

74. Question 10
What is the name of
the author?

75. LITERARY
PIECE
TAJ MAHAL
05

76. • Quintessence - the most perfect or typical example of a quality or
class.
• Ardour - enthusiasm or passion.
• Vale – a small valley
• Pomp - ceremony and splendid display, especially at a public event
• lovelorn - unhappy because of unrequited love.
• Imperious - assuming power or authority without justification;
arrogant
• hovels – shack, hut, squalid dwelling
• Destitute - without the basic necessities of life, poverty
• Edifices - a building, especially a large, imposing one.
• Haughty - arrogantly superior and disdainful.
• Conceit - excessive pride in oneself, narcissist
• Yamuna’s edge - a dead river in Delhi

77. For you, my love, the Taj
may well be the quintessence
of ardour; while full well
may you regard
this exquisite vale. Even so,
dear one, let us meet
someplace else.
TAJ MAHAL

78. What worth, these lowly ones,
loitering in the halls of the lords,
where on every path lie etched
remains of pomp and glory?
What worth then, the passing
of lovelorn souls?
TAJ MAHAL

79. My love, behind the veils
of love’s proud proclamations,
did you see the signs
of imperious grandeur?
You, who revel
in mausoleums of dead kings,
did you not heed the dark
hovels
that fostered us?
TAJ MAHAL

80. Beyond count are those, in this world
who have lived and loved.
Could anyone deny the truth
of their passions?
But they, like us, stay destitute,
without the means
to erect monuments to their love.
TAJ MAHAL

81. These edifices, these tombs,
these battlements, these forts,
haughty relics
of the conceit of emperors
are left behind like resilient creepers
on the face of the world,
seeped in the blood
of our forefathers.
TAJ MAHAL

82. My love, those artful hands
who created this beauty
would have lived
and loved too; but their lovers
are long gone, nameless,
without a trace.
To this day, no one has lit
a candle in their memory.
TAJ MAHAL

83. The lush gardens and palaces,
the Yamuna’s edge;
the exquisitely carved portals,
the arches and niches,
the handiwork of the one
emperor who, buttress’d
by infinite wealth
has mocked our very love,
our impoverish’d, destitute love.
TAJ MAHAL

84. Even so, my love,
let us meet
someplace else.

85. SYMBOLISM

86. Question 11
What is the title of
the poem?

87. Question 12
Who is the speaker
of the poem?

88. CONCLUSION
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
06

89. LET’S CHECK

90. DESCRIBE YOUR ANSWER

91. 1. INDIA
2. LAND OF SPICES
3. INDUS VALLEY CIVILLIZATION
4. GUPTA
5. BRITISH EAST INDIAN COMPANY
6. MAHATMA GANDHI
7. TAJ MAHAL
8. MAHABHRATA / RAMAYANA
9. SANSKRIT

92. 10. SAHIR LUDHIANVI
11. TAJ MAHAL
12. AUTHOR (FOR INTERPRETATION)

93. CREDITS: This presentation template was
created by Slidesgo, including icons by
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik
THANKS!
DO YOU HAVE
ANY
QUESTIONS?