1) India is the 7th largest country by area, covering 3.28 million square kilometers between three water bodies. It has a population of 1.24 billion. 2) New Delhi is the capital, and states vary greatly in size from the largest, Rajasthan, to the smallest, Goa. Uttar Pradesh has the most people while Gujarat is one of the most prosperous. India has 12 major rivers like the Ganges. 3) Indian literature is among the oldest and richest, with 22 official languages. It developed from oral traditions, Sanskrit works, classical literature under the Guptas, medieval regional works, and a blend of styles under British rule. Famous ep

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2. Geography
 7th largest country in the world.
 Covers an area of about 3.28 million sq.km.
 Surrounded by three (3) different water bodies
which made it easily recognizable on the world
map.
 Has a population of 1.24 billion (2014 est.)

3. Geography Facts
 New Delhi is the capital of India.
 Rajasthan is the largest of all Indian states.
 Goa is the smallest state.
 Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state.
 Gujarat is one of the most prosperous of all Indian
states.
 Has 12 major rivers (Ganga as the longest and
most pious river in India.)
 Gull of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Cambay
are the major gulfs of the country.

4. Indian Literature
 Indian Literature is one of the oldest and
richest literatures around the world.
 The Indian Constitution recognizes 22 official
languages. Each language has its regional
literature.

5. History of Indian Literature
I. Oral Literature
II. Sanskrit Literature
III. Classical Sanskrit Literature
IV. Medieval Literature
V. Colonial Period to
Independence

6. I. Oral Literature
 The first Indian
literary work was a
collection of
Sanskrit hymns that
was orally
transmitted.
 The so-called Vedas
which were sung,
recited and thought
by the Indians.

7. II. Sanskrit Literature
 Sanskrit –is the primary sacred
language of Hinduism, a
philosophical language in
Buddhism, Hinduism, and
Jainism.
 Literally means refined, adorned,
or highly decorated.
 Aryans, nomadic cattle herders
produced a literature written in a
language.

8. Sankrit literature is divided into:
 Religious text
 The Vedas
 Brahmanas –prose text about
sacrificial rituals
 Aranyakas –discussion and
interpretation of dangerous
rituals

9.  Heroic Texts
 Ramayana –an epic by Valmik about a perfect prince,
perfect wife.
 Mahabharata –an extremely long epic of Vyasal

10. III. Classical Sankrit
Literature
 Started with the flowering of the Gupta dynasty
 Reflected values of Hinduism
 Languages used were Sanskrit and Prakrit
 Influenced by the Caste system
 Motifs were largely based on religion, mythology
and heroism.

11. IV. Medieval Literature
 Unique version of local myths, legends,
romances, and epics emerged
 Islamic dynasties conquered many territories

12. V. Colonial Period to
Independence
 The era wherein European traders reached
and colonized the Indian subcontinent.
 The literature in this time combined the
classical Indian literature with the European
style of writing.

13. Characteristics of Indian
Literature
 Indian literature is based on piety, a deeply
religious spirit.
 Indian literary masterpieces are written in epic
form.