Algae are a diverse group of aquatic organisms that have the ability to conduct photosynthesis. Certain algae are familiar to most people; for instance, seaweeds (such as kelp or phytoplankton), pond scum or the algal blooms in lakes.
Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, (SGBAU)
BOTANY
B.Sc. I (Sem- I)
Diversity & Applications of Microbes and Cryptogams
Unit-VI
Application of Microbes and Cryptogams
6.1. Economic Importance of Algae with special reference to Food
(Algae as a Food)
By
Avinash Darsimbe
Assistant Professor
Department of Botany
Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati
This ppterrestrial habitt explains about the archegoniate plants, their adaptations, development of different support systems in transition from aquatic to terrestrial habit, about their alternation of generations, etc.
Algae are a diverse group of aquatic organisms that have the ability to conduct photosynthesis. Certain algae are familiar to most people; for instance, seaweeds (such as kelp or phytoplankton), pond scum or the algal blooms in lakes.
Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, (SGBAU)
BOTANY
B.Sc. I (Sem- I)
Diversity & Applications of Microbes and Cryptogams
Unit-VI
Application of Microbes and Cryptogams
6.1. Economic Importance of Algae with special reference to Food
(Algae as a Food)
By
Avinash Darsimbe
Assistant Professor
Department of Botany
Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati
This ppterrestrial habitt explains about the archegoniate plants, their adaptations, development of different support systems in transition from aquatic to terrestrial habit, about their alternation of generations, etc.
Fungi are an important organism in human life. They play an important role in medicine by yielding antibiotics, in agriculture by maintaining soil fertility, are consumed as food, and forms the basis of many industries.
Fungi is a group of eukaryotic non-phototropic organisms with rigid cell walls, that includes unicellular yeasts and multicellular molds. These slides will provide you the basics of fungi, general properties , reproduction and types of fungi.
What is Healthcare?How Healthcare delivered ?Types of Healthcare:(i) Primary Healthcare:
(ii) Secondary Healthcare:
(iii) Tertiary Healthcare:
if you like my work follow me on linkedIn
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If you required slide or ppt on any topic you can order me on my fiverr gig
https://www.fiverr.com/share/2p2prN
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Eid ul Adha necessary health precautions to keep in mind,1. Red Meat consumption in Eid ul Adha,2. Lessen fried items intake,3. Avoid frizzy drinks,4. Increase consumption of Fruits and Salads,5. Walking routine during Eid ul Adha.
What is Bushfire ?Bushfires in Australia,Why are there bushfires in Australia?What conditions lead to extreme fire weather?Victorian Bushfires fast facts,What causes bushfires?Why do bushfires spread?What controls fire behaviour?
Types of data sampling,probability sampling and non-probability sampling,Simple random sampling,Systematic sampling,Stratified sampling,Clustered sampling,Convenience sampling,Quota sampling,Judgement (or Purposive) Sampling,Snowball sampling,Bias in sampling.
Identification of Indian Major Carps,Catla catla (catla), Labeo rohita (rohu) and Cirrhinus cirrhosus (mrigal),Chinese Major carps , Grass, silver, bighead, and black carp , OTHER COMMON SPECIES OF PAKISTAN, Trout, Salmon, Tilapia
Gains due to bacteria, Food processing,Biotechnology
Genetic engineering
Fibre retting
Pest control
Bioremediation
Digestion
Tanning Of Leather
Medicines.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptxRASHMI M G
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
2. INTRODUCTION
• Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotes which lacks chlorophyll.
• It gets the nourishment from other organisms which are dead or alive.
• Fungi influence our day to day life either directly or indirectly.
• Some are prized for its usefulness, while other are shunned for causing great
harm to both plants and animals.
Useful aspects of fungi
• Religious Importance:
• Greek and romans attached great importance to fungi, especially the mushrooms
• Appearance of Amanita muscaria is considered as warning for thunder and
lightning.
• In Mexico, Psilocybe mexicana has been used in their religious rituals. They
calls it “Sacred Mushroom”
3. . • Fungias food:
• Food value of is well-known since remote past.
• Fungi used as food include; morels, mushrooms, truffles, puffballs and non-
woody polypores.
• Morels; They belong to genus Morchelia and is popular dish in India.
• Puffballs; They are large, spherical white fructifications of Calvatia gigantea.
They are edible when young, before maturation of the gleba, and production of
spore
• Truffles; It is the fruiting bodyof a subterranean Ascomycete fungus,
predominantly one of the many species of the genus Tuber. Truffles are
ectomycorrhizal fungi and are therefore usually found in close association with the
roots of trees.
• Some of the truffle species are highly prized as a food in French and Italian
cuisine
• They are also used for making Oil and high quality Vodka.
4. • Mushrooms; Fruiting bodies of Basidiomycotina members, about 2000sp of
edible mushrooms. • They are either harvested wild or cultivated.
• Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on
humans and desirable taste and aroma
Common edible mushrooms
• Volvariella volvacea (Paddy
straw mushroom)
• Agaricus bisporus(Button
mushrooms)
• Lentinus edodus(Shitakke
mushroom)
Wild Edible mushrooms
• Boletus edulis(Penny Bun),
• Agaricus arvensis(Horse Mushroom),
• Polyporus squamosus (Pheasant's back mushroom)
5. • Fungi, as Foodof Atta ants
• Some species of Atta ants, gather large
leaves and use it as a substrate on which they
grow fungi as food.
• Abundant fungal mycelium grow on the
decomposedorganic matter.
• Nutrient rich mycelium are then eaten by
ants.
• Fungi and Medicines
Antibiotics
• Substance of biological origin which inhibit the growth of bacteria.
• Alexander Fleming (1919) isolated Penicillin from Pencillium notatum.
6. Ergot
• Ergot is the sclerotium of Claviceps purpurea.
• It contain several alkaloids like ergotine, ergometrine, ergotaminine etc. which
are used to controlpostpartum hemorrhage.
• Ergot is one of the natural sourceof LSD( d-Lysergic acid diethylmide),which
has use in experimental psychiatry.
Steroid Conversion
• Steroids are widely used anti inflammatory, anesthetics, anti-sterility agents.
• Rhizopus and Aspergillus have capacity to synthesis valuable steroids.
• Ephedrine is extracted from Benz aldehyde, using Yeast.
• Ephedrine is widely used in asthmatic diseases.
7. • Industrial use of Fungi
Alcoholic beverages
: • Yeast ferment glucose to produceethyl alcohol and CO2
. • Saccharomyces cervisiae is used for productionof beer, wine, whiskey, gin and
rum. • Wines is produced from grapes by fermentation using Saccharomyces
ellipsoides.
Organic Acids:
• Many important organic acids are produced commercially by the biochemical
activities of many molds.
• Aspergillus niger is used in production of citric acid, while Rhizopus stolonifer is
used for manufacture of lactic acid and fumaric acid.
Cheese industry
• Pencillium roquefortii and P. camemberti are used for the production of cheese
Enzymes
• Many products ofhigh enzymatic activity like diastase,digestin etc.. Are
produced by Aspergillus flavus.
8. • Well known enzyme amylases are produced byAspergillus niger and A. oryzae.
Pigments
• Some fungi are grown commercially for extraction of pigments which are used
in preparation of various dye.
Vitamins
• Many fungus metabolites are rich sourceof vitamins, which are used as
nutritional supplements and in medicinal therapy.
• Yeasts are good sourceof vitamin B- complex and riboflavin.
• Ergosterol, which contain vitamin D is synthesized from number of moldsh
. • Riboflavin is also obtained from Ashbya gossypis, Eremothecium ashbyi,
Candida sp.
Fat production
• Certain fungi are good sources of fats
• Aspergillus nidulans, A.sidowsi, A.fisheri, Pencillium piscarum and P.javanicus
are common examples
. Hormones
• Gibberline, plant hormones that are produced bythe fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi.
• It is used to accelerate growth of several horticultural crops.
Organic Solvents
• Yeast is made in the manufacture of many organic solvents such as acetic acid,
lactic acid, succinic acid, amyl and isoamyl alcohol, glycerol, mannitol, ethyl
acetate.
Latex- exuding fungi
• Lentz(1954), the lactiferous hyphae of Lactarium contains latex which exudes if
the flesh in broken.
• Same condition of latex exudation is observed in the bleeding fruiting bodies if
Stereum gausapatum.
9. Fungi and Soil fertility
• Fungi decomposethe organic compound of dead plants and animals and its
excretions.
• They are the primary decomposers ofany ecosystem.
• The enzymes present convert essential elements into form in which they can be
used as new material.
• Fungi also prevent many inorganic substancefrom being lost by leeching action
. • Some yeast are known to be non-symbiotic nitrogen fixers, Rhodotorula and
Saccharomyces.
• Fungi as predators
• Some fungi obtain their food by killing amoeba, rotifers other protozoan and
nematodes
. • Eg: Nematophthora gynophila, are utilized for controlling nematodes.
Mycoremadiation
• Mycoremediation is a form of bioremediation
• The process ofusing fungi to degrade or sequester contaminants in the
environment
• Mycelium reduces toxins in-situ, through enzymatic activity.
10. • Some fungi are hyper accumulators, capable of absorbing and concentrating
heavy metals in the mushroom fruit bodies
• E.g.Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Fungias Insectides(Entomogenousfungi)
• Several fungi are endoparasites on insects and other small arthropods such mite
and spiders
. • They include some chytrids almost all members of the Entomophthorales, many
yeast and many Deutromycetes.
• These fungi are utilized for controlling plant pests and insects.
• Coelomomyces and legnedium are the common endomogenous fungi
FungiandLuminescences
•
11. • Ability to producevisible light in the dark.
• Basidiomycetes like Armillaria mellea show bioluminescence.
• Luminant part; mycelium or fruiting body.
Fungias researchtools.
• Used as basic material for the study of various fundamental biological processes.
• They fast rate of reproduction.
• Require short period to complete life cycle
. • Productionof spore by meiosis
. • Neurosporahas become an ideal research material for geneticist.
• Rusch(1968), Physarum polycephalum, is a very good material for study of
DNA synthesis, morphogenesis ,mitotic cycle and many other cellular process.